GDAL_TRANSLATE(1) GDAL GDAL_TRANSLATE(1)
NAME
gdal_translate - Converts raster data between different formats.
SYNOPSIS
gdal_translate [--help-general]
[-ot {Byte/Int16/UInt16/UInt32/Int32/Float32/Float64/
CInt16/CInt32/CFloat32/CFloat64}] [-strict]
[-if format]* [-of format]
[-b band]* [-mask band] [-expand {gray|rgb|rgba}]
[-outsize xsize[%]|0 ysize[%]|0] [-tr xres yres]
[-r {nearest,bilinear,cubic,cubicspline,lanczos,average,rms,mode}]
[-unscale] [-scale[_bn] [src_min src_max [dst_min dst_max]]]* [-exponent[_bn] exp_val]*
[-srcwin xoff yoff xsize ysize] [-epo] [-eco]
[-projwin ulx uly lrx lry] [-projwin_srs srs_def]
[-a_srs srs_def] [-a_coord_epoch <epoch>]
[-a_ullr ulx uly lrx lry] [-a_nodata value]
[-a_scale value] [-a_offset value]
[-nogcp] [-gcp pixel line easting northing [elevation]]*
|-colorinterp{_bn} {red|green|blue|alpha|gray|undefined}]
|-colorinterp {red|green|blue|alpha|gray|undefined},...]
[-mo "META-TAG=VALUE"]* [-q] [-sds]
[-co "NAME=VALUE"]* [-stats] [-norat] [-noxmp]
[-oo NAME=VALUE]*
src_dataset dst_dataset
DESCRIPTION
The gdal_translate utility can be used to convert raster data between
different formats, potentially performing some operations like subset-
tings, resampling, and rescaling pixels in the process.
-ot <type>
Force the output image bands to have a specific data type sup-
ported by the driver, which may be one of the following: Byte,
UInt16, Int16, UInt32, Int32, Float32, Float64, CInt16, CInt32,
CFloat32 or CFloat64.
-strict
Don't be forgiving of mismatches and lost data when translating
to the output format.
-if <format>
Format/driver name to be attempted to open the input file(s). It
is generally not necessary to specify it, but it can be used to
skip automatic driver detection, when it fails to select the ap-
propriate driver. This option can be repeated several times to
specify several candidate drivers.
New in version 3.2.
-of <format>
Select the output format. Starting with GDAL 2.3, if not speci-
fied, the format is guessed from the extension (previously was
GTiff). Use the short format name.
-b <band>
Select an input band band for output. Bands are numbered from 1.
Multiple -b switches may be used to select a set of input bands
to write to the output file, or to reorder bands. band can also
be set to "mask,1" (or just "mask") to mean the mask band of the
first band of the input dataset.
-mask <band>
Select an input band band to create output dataset mask band.
Bands are numbered from 1. band can be set to "none" to avoid
copying the global mask of the input dataset if it exists. Oth-
erwise it is copied by default ("auto"), unless the mask is an
alpha channel, or if it is explicitly used to be a regular band
of the output dataset ("-b mask"). band can also be set to
"mask,1" (or just "mask") to mean the mask band of the 1st band
of the input dataset.
-expand gray|rgb|rgba
To expose a dataset with 1 band with a color table as a dataset
with 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA) bands. Useful for output drivers such
as JPEG, JPEG2000, MrSID, ECW that don't support color indexed
datasets. The 'gray' value enables to expand a dataset with a
color table that only contains gray levels to a gray indexed
dataset.
-outsize <xsize>[%]|0 <ysize>[%]|0
Set the size of the output file. Outsize is in pixels and lines
unless '%' is attached in which case it is as a fraction of the
input image size. If one of the 2 values is set to 0, its value
will be determined from the other one, while maintaining the as-
pect ratio of the source dataset.
-tr <xres> <yres>
set target resolution. The values must be expressed in georefer-
enced units. Both must be positive values. This is mutually ex-
clusive with -outsize and -a_ullr.
-r {nearest (default),bilinear,cubic,cubicspline,lanczos,aver-
age,rms,mode}
Select a resampling algorithm.
nearest applies a nearest neighbour (simple sampling) resampler
average computes the average of all non-NODATA contributing pix-
els. Starting with GDAL 3.1, this is a weighted average taking
into account properly the weight of source pixels not contribut-
ing fully to the target pixel.
rms computes the root mean squared / quadratic mean of all
non-NODATA contributing pixels (GDAL >= 3.3)
bilinear applies a bilinear convolution kernel.
cubic applies a cubic convolution kernel.
cubicspline applies a B-Spline convolution kernel.
lanczos applies a Lanczos windowed sinc convolution kernel.
mode selects the value which appears most often of all the sam-
pled points.
-scale [src_min src_max [dst_min dst_max]]
Rescale the input pixels values from the range src_min to
src_max to the range dst_min to dst_max. If omitted the output
range is 0 to 255. If omitted the input range is automatically
computed from the source data. Note that these values are only
used to compute a scale and offset to apply to the input raster
values. In particular, src_min and src_max are not used to clip
input values. -scale can be repeated several times (if speci-
fied only once, it also applies to all bands of the output
dataset), so as to specify per band parameters. It is also pos-
sible to use the "-scale_bn" syntax where bn is a band number
(e.g. "-scale_2" for the 2nd band of the output dataset) to
specify the parameters of one or several specific bands.
-exponent <exp_val>
To apply non-linear scaling with a power function. exp_val is
the exponent of the power function (must be positive). This op-
tion must be used with the -scale option. If specified only
once, -exponent applies to all bands of the output image. It can
be repeated several times so as to specify per band parameters.
It is also possible to use the "-exponent_bn" syntax where bn is
a band number (e.g. "-exponent_2" for the 2nd band of the output
dataset) to specify the parameters of one or several specific
bands.
-unscale
Apply the scale/offset metadata for the bands to convert scaled
values to unscaled values. It is also often necessary to reset
the output datatype with the -ot switch.
-srcwin <xoff> <yoff> <xsize> <ysize>
Selects a subwindow from the source image for copying based on
pixel/line location.
-projwin <ulx> <uly> <lrx> <lry>
Selects a subwindow from the source image for copying (like
-srcwin) but with the corners given in georeferenced coordinates
(by default expressed in the SRS of the dataset. Can be changed
with -projwin_srs).
NOTE:
In GDAL 2.1.0 and 2.1.1, using -projwin with coordinates not
aligned with pixels will result in a sub-pixel shift. This
has been corrected in later versions. When selecting
non-nearest neighbour resampling, starting with GDAL 2.1.0,
sub-pixel accuracy is however used to get better results.
-projwin_srs <srs_def>
Specifies the SRS in which to interpret the coordinates given
with -projwin. The <srs_def> may be any of the usual GDAL/OGR
forms, complete WKT, PROJ.4, EPSG:n or a file containing the
WKT.
WARNING:
This does not cause reprojection of the dataset to the speci-
fied SRS.
-epo (Error when Partially Outside) If this option is set, -srcwin or
-projwin values that falls partially outside the source raster
extent will be considered as an error. The default behavior is
to accept such requests, when they were considered as an error
before.
-eco (Error when Completely Outside) Same as -epo, except that the
criterion for erroring out is when the request falls completely
outside the source raster extent.
-a_srs <srs_def>
Override the projection for the output file.
The coordinate reference systems that can be passed are anything
supported by the OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput() call,
which includes EPSG Projected, Geographic or Compound CRS (i.e.
EPSG:4296), a well known text (WKT) CRS definition, PROJ.4 dec-
larations, or the name of a .prj file containing a WKT CRS defi-
nition.
NOTE:
No reprojection is done.
-a_coord_epoch <epoch>
New in version 3.4.
Assign a coordinate epoch, linked with the output SRS. Useful
when the output SRS is a dynamic CRS.
-a_scale <value>
Set band scaling value (no modification of pixel values is done)
New in version 2.3.
-a_offset<value>
Set band offset value (no modification of pixel values is done)
New in version 2.3.
-a_ullr <ulx> <uly> <lrx> <lry>
Assign/override the georeferenced bounds of the output file.
This assigns georeferenced bounds to the output file, ignoring
what would have been derived from the source file. So this does
not cause reprojection to the specified SRS.
-a_nodata <value>
Assign a specified nodata value to output bands. It can be set
to none to avoid setting a nodata value to the output file if
one exists for the source file. Note that, if the input dataset
has a nodata value, this does not cause pixel values that are
equal to that nodata value to be changed to the value specified
with this option.
-colorinterp_X <red|green|blue|alpha|gray|undefined>
Override the color interpretation of band X (where X is a valid
band number, starting at 1)
New in version 2.3.
-colorinterp <red|green|blue|alpha|gray|undefined[,red|green|blue|al-
pha|gray|undefined]*>
Override the color interpretation of all specified bands. For
example -colorinterp red,green,blue,alpha for a 4 band output
dataset.
New in version 2.3.
-mo META-TAG=VALUE
Passes a metadata key and value to set on the output dataset if
possible.
-co <NAME=VALUE>
Many formats have one or more optional creation options that can
be used to control particulars about the file created. For in-
stance, the GeoTIFF driver supports creation options to control
compression, and whether the file should be tiled.
The creation options available vary by format driver, and some
simple formats have no creation options at all. A list of op-
tions supported for a format can be listed with the --formats
command line option but the documentation for the format is the
definitive source of information on driver creation options.
See raster_drivers format specific documentation for legal cre-
ation options for each format.
-nogcp Do not copy the GCPs in the source dataset to the output
dataset.
-gcp <pixel> <line> <easting> <northing> <elevation>
Add the indicated ground control point to the output dataset.
This option may be provided multiple times to provide a set of
GCPs.
-q Suppress progress monitor and other non-error output.
-sds Copy all subdatasets of this file to individual output files.
Use with formats like HDF that have subdatasets.
-stats Force (re)computation of statistics.
-norat Do not copy source RAT into destination dataset.
-noxmp Do not copy the XMP metadata in the source dataset to the output
dataset when driver is able to copy it.
New in version 3.2.
-oo NAME=VALUE
Dataset open option (format specific)
<src_dataset>
The source dataset name. It can be either file name, URL of data
source or subdataset name for multi-dataset files.
<dst_dataset>
The destination file name.
C API
This utility is also callable from C with GDALTranslate().
New in version 2.1.
EXAMPLES
gdal_translate -of GTiff -co "TILED=YES" utm.tif utm_tiled.tif
To create a JPEG-compressed TIFF with internal mask from a RGBA dataset
gdal_translate rgba.tif withmask.tif -b 1 -b 2 -b 3 -mask 4 -co COMPRESS=JPEG -co PHOTOMETRIC=YCBCR --config GDAL_TIFF_INTERNAL_MASK YES
To create a RGBA dataset from a RGB dataset with a mask
gdal_translate withmask.tif rgba.tif -b 1 -b 2 -b 3 -b mask
AUTHOR
Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com>, Silke Reimer <silke@inteva-
tion.de>
COPYRIGHT
1998-2021
Dec 27, 2021 GDAL_TRANSLATE(1)
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