PERLTOC(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLTOC(1)
NAME
perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
DESCRIPTION
This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through
to locate the proper section you're looking for.
BASIC DOCUMENTATION
perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter
SYNOPSIS
GETTING HELP
Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
History
Miscellaneous
Language-Specific
Platform-Specific
Stubs for Deleted Documents
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
<https://www.perl.org/>, <https://www.perl.com/>,
<https://www.cpan.org/>, <https://www.pm.org/>
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES
perlintro - a brief introduction and overview of Perl
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Safety net
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types
Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs
if, while, for, foreach
Builtin operators and functions
Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean
logic, Miscellaneous
Files and I/O
Regular expressions
Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular
expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules
AUTHOR
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
#! and quoting on non-Unix systems
OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, VMS
Location of Perl
Command Switches
-0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [number/list] , -c , -d ,
-dt, -d:MOD[=bar,baz] , -dt:MOD[=bar,baz], -Dletters ,
-Dnumber, -e commandline , -E commandline , -f
, -Fpattern , -g , -h , -? , -i[extension] , -Idirectory ,
-l[octnum] , -m[-]module , -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...',
-[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u ,
-U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -xdirectory
ENVIRONMENT
HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :crlf ,
:perlio , :stdio , :unix , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB ,
PERL5DB_THREADED , PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) ,
PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port) ,
PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS , PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY ,
PERL_ENCODING , PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_PERTURB_KEYS ,
PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_MEM_LOG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS
port) , PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , PERL_USE_UNSAFE_INC ,
SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) , PERL_INTERNAL_RAND_SEED ,
PERL_RAND_SEED
ORDER OF APPLICATION
-I, -M, the PERL5LIB environment variable, combinations of -I, -M
and PERL5LIB, the PERL5OPT environment variable, Other
complications, arch and version subdirs, sitecustomize.pl
perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
DESCRIPTION
Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
The Solution
Syntax
Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule
Solution
The Rest
Summary
Credits
Distribution Conditions
perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
DESCRIPTION
arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of
hashes, more elaborate constructs
REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS "use VERSION"
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
HASHES OF ARRAYS
Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
ARRAYS OF HASHES
Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
DESCRIPTION
The Guide
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
"use re 'strict'"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments
perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Part 1: The basics
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Backreferences
Relative backreferences
Named backreferences
Alternative capture group numbering
Position information
Non-capturing groupings
Matching repetitions
Possessive quantifiers
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl
Part 2: Power tools
More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Composing regular expressions at runtime
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
Defining named patterns
Recursive patterns
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Backtracking control verbs
Pragmas and debugging
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments
perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial
DATE
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT-ORIENTED FUNDAMENTALS
Object
Class
Methods
Attributes
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Composition
Roles
When to Use OO
PERL OO SYSTEMS
Moose
Declarative sugar, Roles built-in, A miniature type system, Full
introspection and manipulation, Self-hosted and extensible, Rich
ecosystem, Many more features
Class::Accessor
Class::Tiny
Role::Tiny
OO System Summary
Moose, Class::Accessor, Class::Tiny, Role::Tiny
Other OO Systems
CONCLUSION
perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
ONE STEP SIDEWAYS
ONE STEP FORWARD
ANOTHER STEP SIDEWAYS
GENERAL GUIDELINES
BENCHMARKS
Assigning and Dereferencing Variables
Search and replace or tr
PROFILING TOOLS
Devel::DProf
Devel::Profiler
Devel::SmallProf
Devel::FastProf
Devel::NYTProf
SORTING
Elapsed Real Time, User CPU Time, System CPU Time
LOGGING
Logging if DEBUG (constant)
POSTSCRIPT
SEE ALSO
PERLDOCS
MAN PAGES
MODULES
URLS
AUTHOR
perlstyle - Perl style guide
DESCRIPTION
perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
DESCRIPTION
The sheet
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
DESCRIPTION
Awk Traps
C/C++ Traps
JavaScript Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps
perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
perlfaq - Frequently asked questions about Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Where to find the perlfaq
How to use the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ?
TABLE OF CONTENTS
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and
Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data
Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 -
System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking
THE QUESTIONS
perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Web, Email and Networking
CREDITS
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What is Raku (Perl 6)?
How stable is Perl?
How often are new versions of Perl released?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
What is a JAPH?
How can I convince others to use Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/about.html>,
<http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html>
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
Where can I get information on Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://perldoc.perl.org/>,
<http://learn.perl.org/>
What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://learn.perl.org/>,
<http://jobs.perl.org/>, <http://lists.perl.org/>
Where can I post questions?
Perl Books
Which magazines have Perl content?
Which Perl blogs should I read?
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq3 - Programming Tools
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I do (anything)?
Basics, perldata - Perl data types, perlvar - Perl pre-defined
variables, perlsyn - Perl syntax, perlop - Perl operators and
precedence, perlsub - Perl subroutines, Execution, perlrun - how
to execute the Perl interpreter, perldebug - Perl debugging,
Functions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions, Objects, perlref -
Perl references and nested data structures, perlmod - Perl
modules (packages and symbol tables), perlobj - Perl objects,
perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable, Data
Structures, perlref - Perl references and nested data
structures, perllol - Manipulating arrays of arrays in Perl,
perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook, Modules, perlmod - Perl
modules (packages and symbol tables), perlmodlib - constructing
new Perl modules and finding existing ones, Regexes, perlre -
Perl regular expressions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions>,
perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perllocale - Perl locale
handling (internationalization and localization), Moving to
perl5, perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary, perl, Linking with
C, perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs, perlxs - XS language
reference manual, perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C,
perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API, perlembed - how to
embed perl in your C program, Various
How can I use Perl interactively?
How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
Eclipse, Enginsite, IntelliJ IDEA, Kephra, Komodo, Notepad++,
Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, Padre, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual
Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Vim, Vile,
MultiEdit, SlickEdit, ConTEXT, bash, zsh, BBEdit and
TextWrangler
Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode or cperl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?
Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena
How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary
quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large
variables to disk
Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I get "#!perl" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
program; what am I doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
mean?
What's MakeMaker?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Data: Numbers
Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why is int() broken?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from
decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal,
How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I convert from
binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to binary
Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
How do I get a random number between X and Y?
Data: Dates
How do I find the day or week of the year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 or 2038 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
Data: Strings
How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access or change N characters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character]-delimited string except when inside
[character]?
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
Does Perl have anything like Ruby's #{} or Python's f string?
What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
There must be no space after the << part, There (probably)
should be a semicolon at the end of the opening token, You can't
(easily) have any space in front of the tag, There needs to be
at least a line separator after the end token
Data: Arrays
What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
intersection of two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
How do I process an entire hash?
How do I merge two hashes?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating
over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash
or array of hashes or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
How can I check if a key exists in a multilevel hash?
How can I prevent addition of unwanted keys into a hash?
Data: Misc
How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq5 - Files and Formats
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to
the beginning of a file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I delete the last N lines from a file?
How can I use Perl's "-i" option from within a program?
How can I copy a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of
filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I open a filehandle to a string?
How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
When I open a file read-write, why does it wipe it out?
Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
How can I open a file named with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
the file. How can I do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
file. Do I still have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a "tail -f" in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does "-i" clobber
protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
How do I traverse a directory tree?
How do I delete a directory tree?
How do I copy an entire directory?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
and unmaintainable code?
Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different
Delimiters
I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
different lines?
How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
How do I substitute case-insensitively on the LHS while preserving
case on the RHS?
How can I make "\w" match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of "/[a-zA-Z]/"?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is "/o" really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C-style comments from a
file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with "\b" work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is "\G" in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when
to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
Regex}?
Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing
Regexes, Passing Methods
How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
Between local() and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't "my($foo) = <$fh>;" work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current or calling package?
How can I comment out a large block of Perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
What does "bad interpreter" mean?
Do I need to recompile XS modules when there is a change in the C
library?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq8 - System Interaction
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
Why does exec() not return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?
lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking
input
How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?
STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
"ps"?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get
my changes to be visible?
Unix
How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
How do I install a module from CPAN?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
the "PERLLIB" environment variable, the "PERL5LIB" environment
variable, the "perl -Idir" command line flag, the "lib" pragma:,
the local::lib module:
Where are modules installed?
What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Should I use a web framework?
Which web framework should I use?
Catalyst, Dancer2, Mojolicious, Web::Simple
What is Plack and PSGI?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that causes
my CGI script to do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I find the user's mail address?
How do I send email?
Email::Sender::Transport::Sendmail,
Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP
How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read email?
How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
How do I fetch/put an (S)FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlsyn - Perl syntax: declarations, statements, comments
DESCRIPTION
Declarations
Comments
Simple Statements
Statement Modifiers
Compound Statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Try Catch Exception Handling
Basic BLOCKs
defer blocks
Switch Statements
Goto
The Ellipsis Statement
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)
Experimental Details on given and when
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
perldata - Perl data types
DESCRIPTION
Variable names
Identifier parsing
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Subscripts
Multi-dimensional array emulation
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles
SEE ALSO
perlop - Perl expressions: operators, precedence, string literals
DESCRIPTION
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Class Instance Operator
Smartmatch Operator
1. Empty hashes or arrays match, 2. That is, each element
smartmatches the element of the same index in the other
array.[3], 3. If a circular reference is found, fall back to
referential equality, 4. Either an actual number, or a string
that looks like one
Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
C-style Logical Xor
Logical Defined-Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl
unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
Quote and Quote-like Operators
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Regexp Quote-Like Operators
"qr/STRING/msixpodualn" , "m/PATTERN/msixpodualngc"
, "/PATTERN/msixpodualngc", The empty pattern "//", Matching in
list context, "\G assertion", "m?PATTERN?msixpodualngc"
, "s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpodualngcer"
Quote-Like Operators
"q/STRING/" , 'STRING', "qq/STRING/" , "STRING",
"qx/STRING/" , `STRING`, "qw/STRING/" ,
"tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr"
, "y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr", "<<EOF" , Double
Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks, Indented Here-docs
Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
Finding the end, Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", the pattern
of "s'''", '', "q//", "tr'''", "y'''", the replacement of
"s'''", "tr///", "y///", "", ``, "qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>",
"<<"EOF"", The replacement of "s///", "RE" in "m?RE?", "/RE/",
"m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, Parsing regular expressions ,
Optimization of regular expressions
I/O Operators
Constant Folding
No-ops
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers
APPENDIX
List of Extra Paired Delimiters
perlsub - Perl subroutines (user-defined functions)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
documented later in this document, documented in perlmod, documented
in perlobj, documented in perltie, documented in PerlIO::via,
documented in perlfunc, documented in UNIVERSAL, documented in
perldebguts, undocumented, used internally by the overload feature
Signatures
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines
Lexical Subroutines
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes
SEE ALSO
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
DESCRIPTION
Perl Functions by Category
Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and
pattern matching , Numeric functions , Functions for real
@ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes ,
Input and output functions
, Functions for fixed-length data or records, Functions for
filehandles, files, or directories
, Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program ,
Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions
for processes and process groups
, Keywords related to Perl modules , Keywords related to
classes and object-orientation
, Low-level socket functions , System V interprocess
communication functions
, Fetching user and group info
, Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Non-
function keywords
Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X FILEHANDLE
, -X EXPR, -X DIRHANDLE, -X, abs VALUE , abs, accept
NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET , alarm SECONDS , alarm, atan2 Y,X ,
bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER
, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, Bless
the referred-to item into a specific package (recommended
form):, Bless the referred-to item into package "main":, Bless
the referred-to item into the current package (not
inheritable):, break, caller EXPR , caller, chdir EXPR
, chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST ,
chomp VARIABLE
, chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop,
chown LIST
, chr NUMBER , chr, chroot FILENAME , chroot, class
NAMESPACE, class NAMESPACE VERSION, class NAMESPACE BLOCK, class
NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK, close FILEHANDLE , close, closedir
DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , continue, cos
EXPR
, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT
, dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK , defined EXPR
, defined, delete EXPR , die LIST
, do BLOCK , do EXPR , dump LABEL , dump EXPR, dump, each
HASH , each ARRAY , eof FILEHANDLE , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
, eval BLOCK, eval, String eval, Under the "unicode_eval"
feature, Outside the "unicode_eval" feature, If upgraded, $v
will be "\xc4\x80" (i.e., the "use utf8" has no effect.), If
non-upgraded, $v will be "\x{100}", Block eval, evalbytes EXPR ,
evalbytes, exec LIST , exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR
, exit EXPR , exit, exp EXPR , exp, fc EXPR , fc,
fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , __FILE__ , field VARNAME ,
fileno FILEHANDLE , fileno DIRHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION
, fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc FILEHANDLE ,
getc, getlogin
, getpeername SOCKET , getpgrp PID , getppid , getpriority
WHICH,WHO , getpwnam NAME
, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME,
getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent
STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent
STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME , glob EXPR
, glob, gmtime EXPR
, gmtime, goto LABEL , goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK
LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR
, hex, import LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , index
STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR , int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
, join EXPR,LIST , keys HASH
, keys ARRAY, kill SIGNAL, LIST, kill SIGNAL , last LABEL ,
last EXPR, last, lc EXPR , lc, If "use bytes" is in effect:,
Otherwise, if "use locale" for "LC_CTYPE" is in effect:,
Otherwise, If EXPR has the UTF8 flag set:, Otherwise, if "use
feature 'unicode_strings'" or use locale ':not_characters' is in
effect:, Otherwise:, lcfirst EXPR , lcfirst, length EXPR ,
length, __LINE__ , link OLDFILE,NEWFILE , listen
SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime EXPR , localtime,
lock THING , log EXPR , log, lstat FILEHANDLE , lstat EXPR,
lstat DIRHANDLE, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST,
method NAME BLOCK , method NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, mkdir
FILENAME,MODE , mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG ,
msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd
ID,MSG,FLAGS , my VARLIST , my TYPE VARLIST, my VARLIST : ATTRS,
my TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS, next LABEL , next EXPR, next, no
MODULE VERSION LIST , no MODULE VERSION, no MODULE LIST, no
MODULE, no VERSION, oct EXPR
, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR
, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
FILEHANDLE, Working with files, Simple examples, About
filehandles, About modes, Checking the return value, Specifying
I/O layers in MODE, Using "undef" for temporary files, Opening a
filehandle into an in-memory scalar, Opening a filehandle into a
command, Duping filehandles, Legacy usage, Specifying mode and
filename as a single argument, Assigning a filehandle to a
bareword, Calling "open" with one argument via global variables,
Other considerations, Automatic filehandle closure, Automatic
pipe flushing, Direct versus by-reference assignment of
filehandles, Whitespace and special characters in the filename
argument, Invoking C-style "open", Portability issues, opendir
DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR , ord, our VARLIST , our TYPE
VARLIST, our VARLIST : ATTRS, our TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS, pack
TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE, package NAMESPACE VERSION
, package NAMESPACE BLOCK, package NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK ,
__PACKAGE__ , __CLASS__ , pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop
ARRAY , pop, pos SCALAR , pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print
FILEHANDLE, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST ,
printf FILEHANDLE, printf FORMAT, LIST, printf, prototype
FUNCTION , prototype, push ARRAY,LIST , q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,
qw/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qr/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR , quotemeta,
rand EXPR , rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR,
readline , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR, readpipe ,
recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo EXPR, redo,
ref EXPR , ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME , require VERSION ,
require EXPR, require, reset EXPR , reset, return EXPR , return,
reverse LIST , rewinddir DIRHANDLE , rindex
STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME ,
rmdir, s///, say FILEHANDLE LIST , say FILEHANDLE, say LIST,
say, scalar EXPR , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , seekdir
DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE , select, select
RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget
KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO
, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP
, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY
, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL , shift ARRAY ,
shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread
ID,VAR,POS,SIZE , shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown
SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep EXPR , sleep, socket
SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair
SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST , sort
BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST , splice
ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split
/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/,
split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , format parameter index, flags,
vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width ,
size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR , sqrt, srand EXPR ,
srand, stat FILEHANDLE
, stat EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state VARLIST , state TYPE
VARLIST, state VARLIST : ATTRS, state TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS,
study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK,
sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, __SUB__
, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT
, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink
OLDFILE,NEWFILE , syscall NUMBER, LIST , sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE ,
system LIST , system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie
VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///,
truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR ,
uc, ucfirst EXPR , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR ,
undef, unlink LIST
, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , unpack TEMPLATE, unshift
ARRAY,LIST , untie VARIABLE , use Module VERSION LIST , use
Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime
LIST , values HASH , values ARRAY, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS , wait
, waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray , warn LIST
, write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///
Non-function Keywords by Cross-reference
__DATA__, __END__, BEGIN, CHECK, END, INIT, UNITCHECK, DESTROY,
and, cmp, eq, ge, gt, isa, le, lt, ne, not, or, x, xor,
AUTOLOAD, else, elsif, for, foreach, if, unless, until, while,
elseif, default, given, when, try, catch, finally, defer, ADJUST
perlopentut - simple recipes for opening files and pipes in Perl
DESCRIPTION
OK, HANDLE, MODE, PATHNAME
Opening Text Files
Opening Text Files for Reading
Opening Text Files for Writing
Opening Binary Files
Opening Pipes
Opening a pipe for reading
Opening a pipe for writing
Expressing the command as a list
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
perlpacktut - tutorial on "pack" and "unpack"
DESCRIPTION
The Basic Principle
Packing Text
Packing Numbers
Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Byte-order modifiers
Floating point Numbers
Exotic Templates
Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding
Template Grouping
Lengths and Widths
String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Counting Repetitions
Intel HEX
Packing and Unpacking C Structures
The Alignment Pit
Dealing with Endian-ness
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them
Pack Recipes
Funnies Section
Authors
perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
DESCRIPTION
Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph
"=head1 Heading Text"
, "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4
Heading Text", "=head5 Heading Text", "=head6 Heading Text",
"=over indentlevel" , "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut" ,
"=pod" , "=begin formatname" , "=end formatname", "=for
formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"
Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text , "B<text>" -- bold text
, "C<code>" -- code text
, "L<name>" -- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" -- a character escape
, "F<filename>" -- used for filenames , "S<text>" -- text
contains non-breaking spaces
, "X<topic name>" -- an index entry
, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code
The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes
DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands
"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=head5", "=head6", "=pod",
"=cut", "=over", "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=begin
formatname parameter", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
"=encoding encodingname"
Pod Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text, "B<text>" -- bold text, "C<code>" -- code
text, "F<filename>" -- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" -- an
index entry, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code,
"L<name>" -- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" -- a character escape,
"S<text>" -- text contains non-breaking spaces
Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes
First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perldocstyle - A style guide for writing Perl's documentation
DESCRIPTION
Purpose of this guide
Intended audience
Status of this document
FUNDAMENTALS
Choice of markup: Pod
Choice of language: American English
Choice of encoding: UTF-8
Choice of underlying style guide: CMOS
Contributing to Perl's documentation
FORMATTING AND STRUCTURE
Document structure
Formatting rules
Adding comments
Perlfunc has special rules
TONE AND STYLE
Apply one of the four documentation modes
Assume readers' intelligence, but not their knowledge
Use meaningful variable and symbol names in examples
Write in English, but not just for English-speakers
Omit placeholder text or commentary
Apply section-breaks and examples generously
Lead with common cases and best practices
Document Perl's present
The documentation speaks with one voice
INDEX OF PREFERRED TERMS
built-in function, Darwin, macOS, man page, Perl; perl, Perl 5, Perl
6, Perl 5 Porters, the; porters, the; p5p, program, Raku, script,
semicolon, Unix
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlpodstyle - Perl POD style guide
DESCRIPTION
NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, RETURN VALUE, ERRORS,
DIAGNOSTICS, EXAMPLES, ENVIRONMENT, FILES, CAVEATS, BUGS,
RESTRICTIONS, NOTES, AUTHOR, HISTORY, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE, SEE
ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
perldeprecation - list Perl deprecations
DESCRIPTION
Unscheduled Deprecations
Perl 5.44
Perl 5.42
Perl 5.40
Perl 5.38
Perl 5.34
Perl 5.32
Perl 5.30
Perl 5.28
Perl 5.26
Perl 5.24
Perl 5.16
SEE ALSO
perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
DESCRIPTION
perldebug - Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
The Perl Debugger
Calling the Debugger
perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:ptkdb program_name,
perl -dt threaded_program_name
Debugger Commands
h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg
[vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n
[expr] , r , <CR>, c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l
line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/,
?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t [n] , t [n] expr , b , b
[line] [condition] , b [file]:[line] [condition] , b subname
[condition] , b postpone subname [condition] , b load filename
, b compile subname , B line , B *
, disable [file]:[line]
, disable [line]
, enable [file]:[line]
, enable [line]
, a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o ,
o booloption ... , o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , < ? ,
< [ command ] , < * , << command , > ? , > command , > * , >>
command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , ! number , !
-number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or ^D
, R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]
Configurable Options
"recallCommand", "ShellBang" , "pager" , "tkRunning" ,
"signalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
, "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" ,
"ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" ,
"arrayDepth", "hashDepth" , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump",
"veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" ,
"DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
, "UsageOnly" , "HistFile" , "HistSize" , "TTY" , "noTTY" ,
"ReadLine" , "NonStop"
Debugger Input/Output
Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing
Format, Frame listing
Debugging Compile-Time Statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support / History in the Debugger
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler
Debugging Regular Expressions
Debugging Memory Usage
SEE ALSO
BUGS
perlvar - Perl predefined variables
DESCRIPTION
The Syntax of Variable Names
SPECIAL VARIABLES
General Variables
$ARG, $_ , @ARG, @_ , $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" , $PROCESS_ID, $PID,
$$ , $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 , $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(
, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) , $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< ,
$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> , $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP,
$; , $a, $b , %ENV , $OLD_PERL_VERSION, $] , $SYSTEM_FD_MAX,
$^F
, @F , @INC , %INC , $INC , $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I , @ISA , $^M ,
${^MAX_NESTED_EVAL_BEGIN_BLOCKS}, $OSNAME, $^O , %SIG ,
%{^HOOK} , require__before, require__after, $BASETIME, $^T ,
$PERL_VERSION, $^V , $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X
Variables related to regular expressions
$<digits> ($1, $2, ...) , @{^CAPTURE}
, $MATCH, $& , ${^MATCH} , $PREMATCH, $` , ${^PREMATCH} ,
$POSTMATCH, $' , ${^POSTMATCH} , $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ ,
$LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N , @LAST_MATCH_END, @+ ,
%{^CAPTURE}, %LAST_PAREN_MATCH, %+ , @LAST_MATCH_START, @- ,
"$`" is the same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])", $& is the same as
"substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])", "$'" is the same as
"substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the same as "substr($var, $-[1],
$+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] -
$-[2])", $3 is the same as "substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])",
%{^CAPTURE_ALL} , %- , ${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN},
$LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R , ${^RE_COMPILE_RECURSION_LIMIT} ,
${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS} , ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}
Variables related to filehandles
$ARGV , @ARGV , ARGV , ARGVOUT ,
IO::Handle->output_field_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $, , HANDLE->input_line_number(
EXPR ), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. ,
IO::Handle->input_record_separator( EXPR ),
$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/ ,
IO::Handle->output_record_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\ , HANDLE->autoflush( EXPR
), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| , ${^LAST_FH} , $ACCUMULATOR, $^A ,
IO::Handle->format_formfeed(EXPR), $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L ,
HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% ,
HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- ,
IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $: ,
HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=
, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ ,
HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~
Error Variables
${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE} , $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E
, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S , $WARNING, $^W ,
${^WARNING_BITS} , $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $! , %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO,
%! , $CHILD_ERROR, $? , $EVAL_ERROR, $@
Variables related to the interpreter state
$COMPILING, $^C , $DEBUGGING, $^D , ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} ,
CONSTRUCT, START, CHECK, INIT, RUN, END, DESTRUCT, $^H , %^H ,
${^OPEN} , $PERLDB, $^P
, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200,
0x400, 0x800, 0x1000, ${^TAINT} , ${^SAFE_LOCALES} , ${^UNICODE}
, ${^UTF8CACHE} , ${^UTF8LOCALE}
Deprecated and removed variables
$# , $* , $[ , ${^ENCODING} , ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}
perlre - Perl regular expressions
DESCRIPTION
The Basics
Modifiers
"m" , "s" , "i" , "x" and "xx" , "p" , "a", "d", "l",
and "u"
, "n" , Other Modifiers
Regular Expressions
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Quoting metacharacters
Extended Patterns
"(?#text)" , "(?adlupimnsx-imnsx)", "(?^alupimnsx)" ,
"(?:pattern)" , "(?adluimnsx-imnsx:pattern)",
"(?^aluimnsx:pattern)" , "(?|pattern)" , Lookaround Assertions
, "(?=pattern)", "(*pla:pattern)",
"(*positive_lookahead:pattern)"
, "(?!pattern)", "(*nla:pattern)",
"(*negative_lookahead:pattern)"
, "(?<=pattern)", "\K", "(*plb:pattern)",
"(*positive_lookbehind:pattern)"
, "(?<!pattern)", "(*nlb:pattern)",
"(*negative_lookbehind:pattern)"
, "(?<NAME>pattern)", "(?'NAME'pattern)"
, "\k<NAME>", "\k'NAME'", "\k{NAME}", "(?{ code })" , "(*{
code })" , "(??{ code })"
, "(?PARNO)" "(?-PARNO)" "(?+PARNO)" "(?R)" "(?0)"
, "(?&NAME)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)" ,
"(?(condition)yes-pattern)", an integer in parentheses, a
lookahead/lookbehind/evaluate zero-width assertion;, a name in
angle brackets or single quotes, the special symbol "(R)", "(1)"
"(2)" .., "(<NAME>)" "('NAME')", "(?=...)" "(?!...)" "(?<=...)"
"(?<!...)", "(?{ CODE })", "(*{ CODE })", "(R)", "(R1)" "(R2)"
.., "(R&NAME)", "(DEFINE)", "(?>pattern)", "(*atomic:pattern)"
, "(?[ ])"
Backtracking
Script Runs
Special Backtracking Control Verbs
Verbs, "(*PRUNE)" "(*PRUNE:NAME)" , "(*SKIP)" "(*SKIP:NAME)" ,
"(*MARK:NAME)" "(*:NAME)"
, "(*THEN)" "(*THEN:NAME)", "(*COMMIT)" "(*COMMIT:arg)" ,
"(*FAIL)" "(*F)" "(*FAIL:arg)" , "(*ACCEPT)" "(*ACCEPT:arg)"
Warning on "\1" Instead of $1
Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
Combining RE Pieces
"ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?",
"S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)",
"(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?PARNO)",
"(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"
Creating Custom RE Engines
Embedded Code Execution Frequency
PCRE/Python Support
"(?P<NAME>pattern)", "(?P=NAME)", "(?P>NAME)"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes
DESCRIPTION
The backslash
[1]
All the sequences and escapes
Character Escapes
[1], [2]
Modifiers
Character classes
Referencing
Assertions
\A, \z, \Z, \G, \b{}, \b, \B{}, \B, "\b{gcb}" or "\b{g}",
"\b{lb}", "\b{sb}", "\b{wb}"
Misc
\K, \N, \R , \X
perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes
DESCRIPTION
The dot
Backslash sequences
If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code
points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale
rules are in effect .., if, instead, Unicode rules are in effect
.., otherwise .., If the "/a" modifier is in effect ..,
otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points
below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if, instead,
Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise .., [1], [2]
Bracketed Character Classes
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], If the "/a" modifier, is in
effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code
points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., "word",
"ascii", "blank", if, instead, Unicode rules are in effect ..,
otherwise ..
perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
DESCRIPTION
OPERATORS
SYNTAX
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
CHARACTER CLASSES
ANCHORS
QUANTIFIERS
EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
VARIABLES
FUNCTIONS
TERMINOLOGY
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
THANKS
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
NOTE
DESCRIPTION
Making References
Using References
Circular References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates
Postfix Dereference Syntax
Postfix Reference Slicing
Assigning to References
Declaring a Reference to a Variable
WARNING: Don't use references as hash keys
SEE ALSO
perlform - Perl formats
DESCRIPTION
Text Fields
Numeric Fields
The Field @* for Variable-Width Multi-Line Text
The Field ^* for Variable-Width One-line-at-a-time Text
Specifying Values
Using Fill Mode
Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
Repeating Format Lines
Top of Form Processing
Format Variables
NOTES
Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNINGS
perlobj - Perl object reference
DESCRIPTION
An Object is Simply a Data Structure
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Inheritance
Writing Constructors
Attributes
An Aside About Smarter and Safer Code
Method Call Variations
Invoking Class Methods
"bless", "blessed", and "ref"
The UNIVERSAL Class
isa($class) , DOES($role) , can($method) , VERSION($need)
AUTOLOAD
Destructors
Non-Hash Objects
Inside-Out objects
Pseudo-hashes
SEE ALSO
perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tying Scalars
TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value ,
UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying Arrays
TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this,
index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND
this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this ,
PUSH this, LIST
, POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this,
offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying Hashes
USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH this,
key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this ,
EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey ,
SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
Tying FileHandles
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST
, PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC
this , EOF this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this
UNTIE this
The "untie" Gotcha
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR
perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key,
filter_fetch_value
The Filter
An Example: the NULL termination problem
Another Example: Key is a C int
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlclass - Perl class syntax reference
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History
KEYWORDS
class
field
method
ATTRIBUTES
Class attributes
Field attributes
Method attributes
OBJECT LIFECYCLE
Construction
Adjustment
Lifetime
Destruction
TODO
Roles, Parameters to ADJUST blocks, ADJUST blocks as true blocks,
More accessor generator attributes, Metaprogramming, Extension
Customisation
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHORS
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe
subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
DESCRIPTION
Signals
Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls,
Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
Named Pipes
Using open() for IPC
Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Avoiding Pipe Deadlocks
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
TCP Clients with IO::Socket
A Simple Client
"Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"
A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket
TCP Servers with IO::Socket
Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that
accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(),
Open handles to files, directories and network sockets
Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Open directory handles, Forking pipe
open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs,
Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of
extensions
PORTABILITY CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations
Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use integer",
Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators
during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer, Operators
which expect a string
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl
DESCRIPTION
What Is A Thread Anyway?
Threaded Program Models
Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline
What kind of threads are Perl threads?
Thread-Safe Modules
Thread Basics
Basic Thread Support
A Note about the Examples
Creating Threads
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Ignoring A Thread
Process and Thread Termination
Threads And Data
Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfalls: Races
Synchronization and control
Controlling access: lock()
A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
Basic semaphores
Advanced Semaphores
Waiting for a Condition
Giving up control
General Thread Utility Routines
What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?
A Complete Example
Different implementations of threads
Performance considerations
Process-scope Changes
Thread-Safety of System Libraries
Conclusion
SEE ALSO
Bibliography
Introductory Texts
OS-Related References
Other References
Acknowledgements
AUTHOR
Copyrights
perlport - Writing portable Perl
DESCRIPTION
Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl
already is portable
ISSUES
Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Command names versus file pathnames
Networking
Interprocess Communication (IPC)
External Subroutines (XS)
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style
CPAN Testers
PLATFORMS
Unix
DOS and Derivatives
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls
FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X, alarm, atan2, binmode, chdir, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt,
dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork,
getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam,
getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr,
getprotobynumber, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, seekdir, sethostent,
setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent,
endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt,
glob, gmtime, ioctl, kill, link, localtime, lstat, msgctl,
msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, readlink, rename, rewinddir,
select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority,
setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sleep,
socketpair, stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, telldir,
times, truncate, umask, utime, wait, waitpid
Supported Platforms
Linux (x86, ARM, IA64), HP-UX, AIX, Win32, Windows 2000, Windows XP,
Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7,
Cygwin, Solaris (x86, SPARC), OpenVMS, Alpha (7.2 and later), I64
(8.2 and later), NetBSD, FreeBSD, Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, Haiku, Irix
(6.5. What else?), OpenBSD, Dragonfly BSD, Midnight BSD, QNX
Neutrino RTOS (6.5.0), MirOS BSD, Stratus OpenVOS (17.0 or later),
time_t issues that may or may not be fixed, Stratus VOS / OpenVOS,
AIX, Android, FreeMINT
EOL Platforms
(Perl 5.37.1)
Ultrix
(Perl 5.36)
NetWare, DOS/DJGPP, AT&T UWIN
(Perl 5.20)
AT&T 3b1
(Perl 5.14)
Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT4
(Perl 5.12)
Atari MiNT, Apollo Domain/OS, Apple Mac OS 8/9, Tenon Machten
Supported Platforms (Perl 5.8)
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A LOCALE
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric formatting, Category "LC_MONETARY":
Formatting of monetary amounts, Category "LC_TIME": Date/Time
formatting, Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation, Category "LC_CTYPE":
Character Types, Category "LC_MESSAGES": Error and other messages,
Category "LC_TIME": Date/Time formatting, Category "LC_ALL", Other
categories
PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
USING LOCALES
The "use locale" pragma
Not within the scope of "use locale", Lingering effects of
"use locale", Under ""use locale";"
The setlocale function
Multi-threaded operation
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo
LOCALE CATEGORIES
Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation: Text Comparisons and Sorting
Category "LC_CTYPE": Character Types
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric Formatting
Category "LC_MONETARY": Formatting of monetary amounts
Category "LC_TIME": Respresentation of time
Category "LC_MESSAGES": System messages
Other categories
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT, PERL_BADLANG, DPKG_RUNNING_VERSION, "LC_ALL",
"LANGUAGE", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_MONETARY", "LC_NUMERIC",
"LC_TIME", "LANG"
Examples
NOTES
String "eval" and "LC_NUMERIC"
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard
Unicode and UTF-8
BUGS
Collation of strings containing embedded "NUL" characters
"LANGUAGE"
Embedded perls and multi-threaded
Broken systems
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
DESCRIPTION
Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Unicode and EBCDIC
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers
Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources
UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Important Caveats
Safest if you "use feature 'unicode_strings'", Input and Output
Layers, You must convert your non-ASCII, non-UTF-8 Perl scripts
to be UTF-8, "use utf8" still needed to enable UTF-8 in scripts,
UTF-16 scripts autodetected
Byte and Character Semantics
ASCII Rules versus Unicode Rules
When the string has been upgraded to UTF-8, There are additional
methods for regular expression patterns
Extended Grapheme Clusters (Logical characters)
Unicode Character Properties
"\p{All}", "\p{Alnum}", "\p{Any}", "\p{ASCII}", "\p{Assigned}",
"\p{Blank}", "\p{Decomposition_Type: Non_Canonical}" (Short:
"\p{Dt=NonCanon}"), "\p{Graph}", "\p{HorizSpace}", "\p{In=*}",
"\p{PerlSpace}", "\p{PerlWord}", "\p{Posix...}", "\p{Present_In:
*}" (Short: "\p{In=*}"), "\p{Print}", "\p{SpacePerl}",
"\p{Title}" and "\p{Titlecase}", "\p{Unicode}", "\p{VertSpace}",
"\p{Word}", "\p{XPosix...}"
Comparison of "\N{...}" and "\p{name=...}"
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
Wildcards in Property Values
User-Defined Character Properties
User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)
Character Encodings for Input and Output
Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
[1] "\N{U+...}" and "\x{...}", [2] "\p{...}" "\P{...}". This
requirement is for a minimal list of properties. Perl supports
these. See R2.7 for other properties, [3], [4], [5] "\b" "\B"
meet most, but not all, the details of this requirement, but
"\b{wb}" and "\B{wb}" do, as well as the stricter R2.3, [6],
[7], [8] UTF-8/UTF-EBDDIC used in Perl allows not only "U+10000"
to "U+10FFFF" but also beyond "U+10FFFF", [9] Unicode has
rewritten this portion of UTS#18 to say that getting canonical
equivalence (see UAX#15 "Unicode Normalization Forms"
<https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15>) is basically to be done
at the programmer level. Use NFD to write both your regular
expressions and text to match them against (you can use
Unicode::Normalize), [10] Perl has "\X" and "\b{gcb}". Unicode
has retracted their "Grapheme Cluster Mode", and recently added
string properties, which Perl does not yet support, [11] see
UAX#29 "Unicode Text Segmentation"
<https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29>,, [12] see "Wildcards in
Property Values" in perlunicode above, [13] Perl supports all
the properties in the Unicode Character Database (UCD). It does
not yet support the listed properties that come from other
Unicode sources, [14] The only optional property that Perl
supports is Named Sequence. None of these properties are in the
UCD
Unicode Encodings
Noncharacter code points
Beyond Unicode code points
Security Implications of Unicode
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Locales
When Unicode Does Not Happen
The "Unicode Bug"
Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
Using Unicode in XS
Hacking Perl to work on earlier Unicode versions (for very serious
hackers only)
Porting code from perl-5.6.X
BUGS
Interaction with Extensions
Speed
SEE ALSO
perlunicook - cookbookish examples of handling Unicode in Perl
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
℞ 0: Standard preamble
℞ 1: Generic Unicode-savvy filter
℞ 2: Fine-tuning Unicode warnings
℞ 3: Declare source in utf8 for identifiers and literals
℞ 4: Characters and their numbers
℞ 5: Unicode literals by character number
℞ 6: Get character name by number
℞ 7: Get character number by name
℞ 8: Unicode named characters
℞ 9: Unicode named sequences
℞ 10: Custom named characters
℞ 11: Names of CJK codepoints
℞ 12: Explicit encode/decode
℞ 13: Decode program arguments as utf8
℞ 14: Decode program arguments as locale encoding
℞ 15: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be utf8
℞ 16: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be in locale encoding
℞ 17: Make file I/O default to utf8
℞ 18: Make all I/O and args default to utf8
℞ 19: Open file with specific encoding
℞ 20: Unicode casing
℞ 21: Unicode case-insensitive comparisons
℞ 22: Match Unicode linebreak sequence in regex
℞ 23: Get character category
℞ 24: Disabling Unicode-awareness in builtin charclasses
℞ 25: Match Unicode properties in regex with \p, \P
℞ 26: Custom character properties
℞ 27: Unicode normalization
℞ 28: Convert non-ASCII Unicode numerics
℞ 29: Match Unicode grapheme cluster in regex
℞ 30: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (regex)
℞ 31: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (substr)
℞ 32: Reverse string by grapheme
℞ 33: String length in graphemes
℞ 34: Unicode column-width for printing
℞ 35: Unicode collation
℞ 36: Case- and accent-insensitive Unicode sort
℞ 37: Unicode locale collation
℞ 38: Making "cmp" work on text instead of codepoints
℞ 39: Case- and accent-insensitive comparisons
℞ 40: Case- and accent-insensitive locale comparisons
℞ 41: Unicode linebreaking
℞ 42: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the tedious way
℞ 43: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the easy way
℞ 44: PROGRAM: Demo of Unicode collation and printing
SEE ALSO
§3.13 Default Case Algorithms, page 113; §4.2 Case, pages 120–122;
Case Mappings, page 166–172, especially Caseless Matching starting
on page 170, UAX #44: Unicode Character Database, UTS #18: Unicode
Regular Expressions, UAX #15: Unicode Normalization Forms, UTS #10:
Unicode Collation Algorithm, UAX #29: Unicode Text Segmentation, UAX
#14: Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm, UAX #11: East Asian Width
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
REVISION HISTORY
perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ
Q and A
perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
What character encodings does Perl support?
Which version of perl should I use?
What about binary data, like images?
When should I decode or encode?
What if I don't decode?
What if I don't encode?
If the string's characters are all code point 255 or lower, Perl
outputs bytes that match those code points. This is what happens
with encoded strings. It can also, though, happen with unencoded
strings that happen to be all code point 255 or lower,
Otherwise, Perl outputs the string encoded as UTF-8. This only
happens with strings you neglected to encode. Since that should
not happen, Perl also throws a "wide character" warning in this
case
Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
What if I don't know which encoding was used?
Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII
range?
Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
What are "decode_utf8" and "encode_utf8"?
What is a "wide character"?
INTERNALS
What is "the UTF8 flag"?
What about the "use bytes" pragma?
What about the "use encoding" pragma?
What is the difference between ":encoding" and ":utf8"?
What's the difference between "UTF-8" and "utf8"?
I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 15.0.0 character properties in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Properties accessible through "\p{}" and "\P{}"
Single form ("\p{name}") tighter rules:, white space adjacent to a
non-word character, underscores separating digits in numbers,
Compound form ("\p{name=value}" or "\p{name:value}") tighter rules:,
Stabilized, Deprecated, Obsolete, Discouraged, * is a wild-card,
(\d+) in the info column gives the number of Unicode code points
matched by this property, D means this is deprecated, O means this
is obsolete, S means this is stabilized, T means tighter (stricter)
name matching applies, X means use of this form is discouraged, and
may not be stable
Legal "\p{}" and "\P{}" constructs that match no characters
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=Attached_Below_Left},
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=CCC133},
\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=E_Base},
\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=E_Base_GAZ},
\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=E_Modifier},
\p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Glue_After_Zwj},
\p{Word_Break=E_Base}, \p{Word_Break=E_Base_GAZ},
\p{Word_Break=E_Modifier}, \p{Word_Break=Glue_After_Zwj}
Properties accessible through Unicode::UCD
Properties accessible through other means
Unicode character properties that are NOT accepted by Perl
Expands_On_NFC (XO_NFC), Expands_On_NFD (XO_NFD), Expands_On_NFKC
(XO_NFKC), Expands_On_NFKD (XO_NFKD), Grapheme_Link (Gr_Link),
Jamo_Short_Name (JSN), Other_Alphabetic (OAlpha),
Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point (ODI), Other_Grapheme_Extend
(OGr_Ext), Other_ID_Continue (OIDC), Other_ID_Start (OIDS),
Other_Lowercase (OLower), Other_Math (OMath), Other_Uppercase
(OUpper), Script=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (sc=Hrkt),
Script_Extensions=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (scx=Hrkt)
Other information in the Unicode data base
auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html,
auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html, auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html,
BidiCharacterTest.txt, BidiTest.txt, CJKRadicals.txt,
confusables.txt, confusablesSummary.txt, intentional.txt,
emoji/ReadMe.txt, ReadMe.txt, EmojiSources.txt, extracted/DName.txt,
Index.txt, NamedSqProv.txt, NamesList.html, NamesList.txt,
NormalizationCorrections.txt, NushuSources.txt,
StandardizedVariants.html, StandardizedVariants.txt,
TangutSources.txt, USourceData.txt, USourceGlyphs.pdf
SEE ALSO
perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Definitions
Your new toolkit
I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
SUMMARY
Q and A (or FAQ)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
DESCRIPTION
COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
EBCDIC
0037, 1047, POSIX-BC
Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode
SINGLE OCTET TABLES
recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
Table in hex, sorted in 1047 order
IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
CONVERSIONS
utf8::unicode_to_native() and utf8::native_to_unicode()
tr///
iconv
C RTL
OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
SOCKETS
SORTING
Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences
Use a sort helper function
MONO CASE then sort data (for non-digits, non-underscore)
Perform sorting on one type of platform only
TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarean ciphers
Hashing order and checksums
I18N AND L10N
MULTI-OCTET CHARACTER SETS
OS ISSUES
OS/400
PASE, IFS access
OS/390, z/OS
"sigaction", "chcp", dataset access, "iconv", locales
POSIX-BC?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES
HISTORY
AUTHOR
perlsec - Perl security
DESCRIPTION
SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION
SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS
Taint mode
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the "#!" Line
Taint mode and @INC
Cleaning Up Your Path
Shebang Race Condition
Protecting Your Programs
Unicode
Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
Hash Seed Randomization, Hash Traversal Randomization, Bucket
Order Perturbance, New Default Hash Function, Alternative Hash
Functions
Using Sudo
SEE ALSO
perlsecpolicy - Perl security report handling policy
DESCRIPTION
REPORTING SECURITY ISSUES IN PERL
WHAT ARE SECURITY ISSUES
Software covered by the Perl security team
Bugs that may qualify as security issues in Perl
Bugs that do not qualify as security issues in Perl
Bugs that require special categorization
HOW WE DEAL WITH SECURITY ISSUES
Perl's vulnerability remediation workflow
Publicly known and zero-day security issues
Vulnerability credit and bounties
perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
DESCRIPTION
Is this the document you were after?
This doc, perlnewmod, perlmodstyle
Packages
Symbol Tables
BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe
SEE ALSO
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
Pragmatic Modules
attributes, autodie, autodie::exception,
autodie::exception::system, autodie::hints, autodie::skip,
autouse, base, bigfloat, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, builtin,
bytes, charnames, constant, deprecate, diagnostics, encoding,
encoding::warnings, experimental, feature, fields, filetest, if,
integer, less, lib, locale, mro, ok, open, ops, overload,
overloading, parent, re, sigtrap, sort, stable, strict, subs,
threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings,
warnings::register
Standard Modules
Amiga::ARexx, Amiga::Exec, AnyDBM_File, App::Cpan, App::Prove,
App::Prove::State, App::Prove::State::Result,
App::Prove::State::Result::Test, Archive::Tar,
Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit,
B, B::Concise, B::Deparse, B::Op_private, B::Showlex, B::Terse,
B::Xref, Benchmark, "IO::Socket::IP", "Socket",
"Test2::Tools::Refcount", CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO,
CPAN::Debug, CPAN::Distroprefs, CPAN::FirstTime,
CPAN::HandleConfig, CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Meta,
CPAN::Meta::Converter, CPAN::Meta::Feature, CPAN::Meta::History,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4, CPAN::Meta::Merge,
CPAN::Meta::Prereqs, CPAN::Meta::Requirements,
CPAN::Meta::Requirements::Range, CPAN::Meta::Spec,
CPAN::Meta::Validator, CPAN::Meta::YAML, CPAN::Nox,
CPAN::Plugin, CPAN::Plugin::Specfile, CPAN::Queue, CPAN::Tarzip,
CPAN::Version, Carp, Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Bzip2,
Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Config::Extensions,
Config::Perl::V, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DBM_Filter::compress,
DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32, DBM_Filter::null,
DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::PPPort,
Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5,
Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue,
DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte,
Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ,
Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR,
Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name,
Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno,
Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder,
ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command,
ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant,
ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM,
ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS,
ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_Darwin,
ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2,
ExtUtils::MM_OS390, ExtUtils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::Manifest,
ExtUtils::Miniperl, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
ExtUtils::PL2Bat, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS,
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval,
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities, ExtUtils::Typemaps,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd, ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type,
ExtUtils::XSSymSet, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl,
File::Basename, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Glob, File::GlobMapper,
File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::AmigaOS, File::Spec::Cygwin,
File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac,
File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin,
GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Long::Parser, Getopt::Std,
HTTP::Tiny, Hash::Util, Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate,
I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List,
I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Bzip2,
IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::FAQ, IO::Compress::Gzip,
IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File,
IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select,
IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX,
IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate, IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress,
IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2,
IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate,
IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib,
IPC::Cmd, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore,
IPC::SharedMem, IPC::SysV, Internals, JSON::PP,
JSON::PP::Boolean, List::Util, List::Util::XS, Locale::Maketext,
Locale::Maketext::Cookbook, Locale::Maketext::Guts,
Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader, Locale::Maketext::Simple,
Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint,
Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigInt::Lib, Math::BigRat,
Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
Memoize::Expire, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File,
Memoize::Storable, Module::CoreList, Module::CoreList::Utils,
Module::Load, Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded,
Module::Metadata, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config,
Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::FTP::dataconn, Net::NNTP,
Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time,
Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, Params::Check,
Parse::CPAN::Meta, Perl::OSType, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
PerlIO::mmap, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via,
PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Escapes,
Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::Html::Util, Pod::Man,
Pod::ParseLink, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo,
Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO, Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI,
Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan,
Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf,
Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk,
Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker,
Pod::Simple::Debug, Pod::Simple::DumpAsText,
Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML,
Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::JustPod,
Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody,
Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken,
Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken,
Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserToken,
Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree,
Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text,
Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XHTML,
Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver,
SelfLoader, Storable, Sub::Util, Symbol, Sys::Hostname,
Sys::Syslog, Sys::Syslog::Win32, TAP::Base,
TAP::Formatter::Base, TAP::Formatter::Color,
TAP::Formatter::Console,
TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession,
TAP::Formatter::Console::Session, TAP::Formatter::File,
TAP::Formatter::File::Session, TAP::Formatter::Session,
TAP::Harness, TAP::Harness::Env, TAP::Object, TAP::Parser,
TAP::Parser::Aggregator, TAP::Parser::Grammar,
TAP::Parser::Iterator, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array,
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream,
TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory, TAP::Parser::Multiplexer,
TAP::Parser::Result, TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout,
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment, TAP::Parser::Result::Plan,
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma, TAP::Parser::Result::Test,
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown, TAP::Parser::Result::Version,
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML, TAP::Parser::ResultFactory,
TAP::Parser::Scheduler, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job,
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner, TAP::Parser::Source,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP,
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer,
Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine,
Term::Table, Term::Table::Cell, Term::Table::CellStack,
Term::Table::HashBase, Term::Table::LineBreak,
Term::Table::Util, Test, Test2, Test2::API,
Test2::API::Breakage, Test2::API::Context, Test2::API::Instance,
Test2::API::InterceptResult, Test2::API::InterceptResult::Event,
Test2::API::InterceptResult::Hub,
Test2::API::InterceptResult::Squasher, Test2::API::Stack,
Test2::AsyncSubtest, Test2::AsyncSubtest::Event::Attach,
Test2::AsyncSubtest::Event::Detach, Test2::AsyncSubtest::Hub,
Test2::Bundle, Test2::Bundle::Extended, Test2::Bundle::More,
Test2::Bundle::Simple, Test2::Compare, Test2::Compare::Array,
Test2::Compare::Bag, Test2::Compare::Base, Test2::Compare::Bool,
Test2::Compare::Custom, Test2::Compare::DeepRef,
Test2::Compare::Delta, Test2::Compare::Event,
Test2::Compare::EventMeta, Test2::Compare::Float,
Test2::Compare::Hash, Test2::Compare::Isa, Test2::Compare::Meta,
Test2::Compare::Negatable, Test2::Compare::Number,
Test2::Compare::Object, Test2::Compare::OrderedSubset,
Test2::Compare::Pattern, Test2::Compare::Ref,
Test2::Compare::Regex, Test2::Compare::Scalar,
Test2::Compare::Set, Test2::Compare::String,
Test2::Compare::Undef, Test2::Compare::Wildcard, Test2::Event,
Test2::Event::Bail, Test2::Event::Diag, Test2::Event::Encoding,
Test2::Event::Exception, Test2::Event::Fail,
Test2::Event::Generic, Test2::Event::Note, Test2::Event::Ok,
Test2::Event::Pass, Test2::Event::Plan, Test2::Event::Skip,
Test2::Event::Subtest, Test2::Event::TAP::Version,
Test2::Event::V2, Test2::Event::Waiting, Test2::EventFacet,
Test2::EventFacet::About, Test2::EventFacet::Amnesty,
Test2::EventFacet::Assert, Test2::EventFacet::Control,
Test2::EventFacet::Error, Test2::EventFacet::Hub,
Test2::EventFacet::Info, Test2::EventFacet::Info::Table,
Test2::EventFacet::Meta, Test2::EventFacet::Parent,
Test2::EventFacet::Plan, Test2::EventFacet::Render,
Test2::EventFacet::Trace, Test2::Formatter,
Test2::Formatter::TAP, Test2::Hub, Test2::Hub::Interceptor,
Test2::Hub::Interceptor::Terminator, Test2::Hub::Subtest,
Test2::IPC, Test2::IPC::Driver, Test2::IPC::Driver::Files,
Test2::Manual, Test2::Manual::Anatomy,
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::API, Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Context,
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Event, Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Hubs,
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::IPC, Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Utilities,
Test2::Manual::Concurrency, Test2::Manual::Contributing,
Test2::Manual::EndToEnd, Test2::Manual::Testing,
Test2::Manual::Testing::Introduction,
Test2::Manual::Testing::Migrating,
Test2::Manual::Testing::Planning, Test2::Manual::Testing::Todo,
Test2::Manual::Tooling, Test2::Manual::Tooling::FirstTool,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Formatter,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Nesting,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::TestExit,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::TestingDone,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::ToolCompletes,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::ToolStarts,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Subtest,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::TestBuilder,
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Testing, Test2::Mock, Test2::Plugin,
Test2::Plugin::BailOnFail, Test2::Plugin::DieOnFail,
Test2::Plugin::ExitSummary, Test2::Plugin::SRand,
Test2::Plugin::Times, Test2::Plugin::UTF8, Test2::Require,
Test2::Require::AuthorTesting, Test2::Require::AutomatedTesting,
Test2::Require::EnvVar, Test2::Require::ExtendedTesting,
Test2::Require::Fork, Test2::Require::Module,
Test2::Require::NonInteractiveTesting, Test2::Require::Perl,
Test2::Require::RealFork, Test2::Require::ReleaseTesting,
Test2::Require::Threads, Test2::Suite, Test2::Todo,
Test2::Tools, Test2::Tools::AsyncSubtest, Test2::Tools::Basic,
Test2::Tools::Class, Test2::Tools::ClassicCompare,
Test2::Tools::Compare, Test2::Tools::Defer,
Test2::Tools::Encoding, Test2::Tools::Event,
Test2::Tools::Exception, Test2::Tools::Exports,
Test2::Tools::GenTemp, Test2::Tools::Grab, Test2::Tools::Mock,
Test2::Tools::Ref, Test2::Tools::Spec, Test2::Tools::Subtest,
Test2::Tools::Target, Test2::Tools::Tester, Test2::Tools::Tiny,
Test2::Tools::Warnings, Test2::Transition, Test2::Util,
Test2::Util::ExternalMeta, Test2::Util::Facets2Legacy,
Test2::Util::Grabber, Test2::Util::Guard, Test2::Util::HashBase,
Test2::Util::Importer, Test2::Util::Ref, Test2::Util::Stash,
Test2::Util::Sub, Test2::Util::Table,
Test2::Util::Table::LineBreak, Test2::Util::Times,
Test2::Util::Trace, Test2::V0, Test2::Workflow,
Test2::Workflow::BlockBase, Test2::Workflow::Build,
Test2::Workflow::Runner, Test2::Workflow::Task,
Test2::Workflow::Task::Action, Test2::Workflow::Task::Group,
Test::Builder, Test::Builder::Formatter,
Test::Builder::IO::Scalar, Test::Builder::Module,
Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color,
Test::Builder::TodoDiag, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Beyond,
Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tester, Test::Tester::Capture,
Test::Tester::CaptureRunner, Test::Tutorial, Test::use::ok,
Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Tabs,
Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore,
Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdHandle, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes,
Time::Local, Time::Piece, Time::Seconds, Time::gmtime,
Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5, Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin, Unicode::Collate::Locale,
Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent,
VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Filespec, VMS::Stdio, Win32, Win32API::File,
Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader,
autodie::Scope::Guard, autodie::Scope::GuardStack,
autodie::Util, version::Internals
Extension Modules
CPAN
Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
NOTE
perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
INTRODUCTION
QUICK CHECKLIST
Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations
BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
Get feedback before publishing
DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
To OO or not to OO?
Designing your API
Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate
functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and
defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing
Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages
DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL,
perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install
RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing
COMMON PITFALLS
Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation
SEE ALSO
perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Testing
tools, <https://pause.perl.org/>, Any good book on software
engineering
AUTHOR
perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the
module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module
PORTABILITY
HEY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
DESCRIPTION
Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name,
Check again
Step-by-step: Making the module
Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use
Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write
tests, Write the README, Write Changes
Step-by-step: Distributing your module
Get a CPAN user ID, Make the tarball, Upload the tarball, Fix
bugs!
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
DESCRIPTION
A basic example
Key naming
Implementation details
perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
DESCRIPTION
LIST OF UTILITIES
Documentation
perldoc, pod2man, pod2text, pod2html, pod2usage, podchecker,
splain, roffitall
Converters
pl2pm
Administration
libnetcfg, perlivp
Development
perlbug, perlthanks, h2ph, h2xs, enc2xs, xsubpp, prove, corelist
General tools
encguess, json_pp, piconv, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum,
streamzip, zipdetails
Installation
cpan, instmodsh
SEE ALSO
perlfilter - Source Filters
DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
Decryption Filters
CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS
THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle
REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights
perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
PROBES
sub-entry(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE), sub-return(SUBNAME, FILE,
LINE, PACKAGE), phase-change(NEWPHASE, OLDPHASE), op-entry(OPNAME),
loading-file(FILENAME), loaded-file(FILENAME)
EXAMPLES
Most frequently called functions, Trace function calls, Function
calls during interpreter cleanup, System calls at compile time, Perl
functions that execute the most opcodes
REFERENCES
DTrace Dynamic Tracing Guide, DTrace: Dynamic Tracing in Oracle
Solaris, Mac OS X and FreeBSD
SEE ALSO
Devel::DTrace::Provider
AUTHORS
perlglossary - Perl Glossary
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
A accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm,
alias, alphabetic, alternatives, anonymous, application,
architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical operator, array,
array context, Artistic License, ASCII, assertion, assignment,
assignment operator, associative array, associativity,
asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute, autogeneration,
autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivification, AV, awk
B backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword,
base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit
shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering,
Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket,
buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
C C, cache, callback, call by reference, call by value, canonical,
capture variables, capturing, cargo cult, case, casefolding,
casemapping, character, character class, character property,
circumfix operator, class, class method, client, closure,
cluster, CODE, code generator, codepoint, code subpattern,
collating sequence, co-maintainer, combining character, command,
command buffering, command-line arguments, command name,
comment, compilation unit, compile, compile phase, compiler,
compile time, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection,
construct, constructor, context, continuation, core dump, CPAN,
C preprocessor, cracker, currently selected output channel,
current package, current working directory, CV
D dangling statement, datagram, data structure, data type, DBM,
declaration, declarator, decrement, default, defined, delimiter,
dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor,
device, directive, directory, directory handle, discipline,
dispatch, distribution, dual-lived, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic
scoping
E eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test,
encapsulation, endian, en passant, environment, environment
variable, EOF, errno, error, escape sequence, exception,
exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute bit,
exit status, exploit, export, expression, extension
F false, FAQ, fatal error, feeping creaturism, field, FIFO, file,
file descriptor, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem,
file test operator, filter, first-come, flag, floating point,
flush, FMTEYEWTK, foldcase, fork, formal arguments, format,
freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function,
funny character
G garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue
language, granularity, grapheme, greedy, grep, group, GV
H hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file,
here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV
I identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment,
indexing, indirect filehandle, indirection, indirect object,
indirect object slot, infix, inheritance, instance, instance
data, instance method, instance variable, integer, interface,
interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, I/O
layer, IPA, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV
J JAPH
K key, keyword
L label, laziness, leftmost longest, left shift, lexeme, lexer,
lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library,
LIFO, line, linebreak, line buffering, line number, link, LIST,
list, list context, list operator, list value, literal, little-
endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop,
loop control statement, loop label, lowercase, lvaluable,
lvalue, lvalue modifier
M magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man,
manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter,
metasymbol, method, method resolution order, minicpan,
minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mojibake, monger,
mortal, mro, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
N named pipe, namespace, NaN, network address, newline, NFS,
normalization, null character, null list, null string, numeric
context, numification, NV, nybble
O object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand,
operating system, operator, operator overloading, options,
ordinal, overloading, overriding, owner
P package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing,
patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, PAUSE, Perl
mongers, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod,
pod command, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter,
possessive, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix,
preprocessing, primary maintainer, procedure, process, program,
program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol,
prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public
domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV
Q qualified, quantifier
R race condition, readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference,
referent, regex, regular expression, regular expression
modifier, regular file, relational operator, reserved words,
return value, RFC, right shift, role, root, RTFM, run phase,
runtime, runtime pattern, RV, rvalue
S sandbox, scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value,
scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed,
semaphore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid,
setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, sigil,
signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp,
socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard
error, standard input, standard I/O, Standard Library, standard
output, statement, statement modifier, static, static method,
static scoping, static variable, stat structure, status, STDERR,
STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context,
stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern,
subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass,
superuser, SV, switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol,
symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, symbol
table, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree,
syscall
T taint checks, tainted, taint mode, TCP, term, terminator,
ternary, text, thread, tie, titlecase, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener,
tokenizing, toolbox approach, topic, transliterate, trigger,
trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typedef,
typed lexical, typeglob, typemap
U UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix, uppercase, UTF-8
string
V value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector,
virtual, void context, v-string
W warning, watch expression, weak reference, whitespace, word,
working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG
X XS, XSUB
Y yacc
Z zero width, zombie
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from
Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?
ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C
program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
$0 assignments
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
program
Using embedded Perl with POSIX locales
Hiding Perl_
MORAL
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
Debugger Internals
Writing Your Own Debugger
Frame Listing Output Examples
Debugging Regular Expressions
Compile-time Output
"anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2,
"matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE,
"noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval",
anchored(TYPE)
Types of Nodes
Run-time Output
Debugging Perl Memory Usage
Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
"buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total
sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192",
"chain: 0", tail: 6144
SEE ALSO
perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
DESCRIPTION
SPECIAL NOTES
make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
Threads and PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT
TUTORIAL
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
Troubleshooting these Examples
See also
Author
Last Changed
perlxs - XS language reference manual
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
The TYPEMAP: Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The length(NAME) Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The FALLBACK: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The INCLUDE_COMMAND: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The EXPORT_XSUB_SYMBOLS: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
Safely Storing Static Data in XS
MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT,
dMY_CXT, MY_CXT, aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE,
MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl), dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
EXAMPLES
CAVEATS
Use of standard C library functions
Event loops and control flow
XS VERSION
AUTHOR DIAGNOSTICS
AUTHOR
perlxstypemap - Perl XS C/Perl type mapping
DESCRIPTION
Anatomy of a typemap
The Role of the typemap File in Your Distribution
Sharing typemaps Between CPAN Distributions
Writing typemap Entries
Full Listing of Core Typemaps
T_SV, T_SVREF, T_SVREF_FIXED, T_AVREF, T_AVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED,
T_HVREF, T_HVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_CVREF,
T_CVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_SYSRET, T_UV, T_IV, T_INT, T_ENUM,
T_BOOL, T_U_INT, T_SHORT, T_U_SHORT, T_LONG, T_U_LONG, T_CHAR,
T_U_CHAR, T_FLOAT, T_NV, T_DOUBLE, T_PV, T_PTR, T_PTRREF,
T_PTROBJ, T_REF_IV_REF, T_REF_IV_PTR, T_PTRDESC, T_REFREF,
T_REFOBJ, T_OPAQUEPTR, T_OPAQUE, Implicit array, T_PACKED,
T_PACKEDARRAY, T_DATAUNIT, T_CALLBACK, T_ARRAY, T_STDIO,
T_INOUT, T_IN, T_OUT
perlclib - Interacting with standard C library functions
DESCRIPTION
libc functions to avoid
Conventions
"~", "t", "p", "n", "s"
File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions
Dealing with locales
Dealing with embedded perls and threads
Functions always unsuitable for use under multi-threads
Functions which must be called at least once before starting threads
Functions that are thread-safe when called with appropriate
arguments
Functions vulnerable to signals
General issues with thread-safety
Reentrant equivalent functions
For items marked "*", For the remaining items, If you #define
PERL_REENTRANT, If you don't enable automatic substitution
Functions that need the environment to be constant
Locale-specific issues
SEE ALSO
perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
DESCRIPTION
Variables
Datatypes
What is an "IV"?
Working with SVs
SvIV(SV*) ("IV") and SvUV(SV*) ("UV"), SvNV(SV*) ("double"),
Strings are a bit complicated:, Byte string: "SvPVbyte(SV*,
STRLEN len)" or SvPVbyte_nolen(SV*), UTF-8 string:
"SvPVutf8(SV*, STRLEN len)" or SvPVutf8_nolen(SV*), You can also
use "SvPV(SV*, STRLEN len)" or SvPV_nolen(SV*) to fetch the SV's
raw internal buffer. This is tricky, though; if your Perl string
is "\xff\xff", then depending on the SV's internal encoding you
might get back a 2-byte OR a 4-byte "char*". Moreover, if it's
the 4-byte string, that could come from either Perl "\xff\xff"
stored UTF-8 encoded, or Perl "\xc3\xbf\xc3\xbf" stored as raw
octets. To differentiate between these you MUST look up the SV's
UTF8 bit (cf. "SvUTF8") to know whether the source Perl string
is 2 characters ("SvUTF8" would be on) or 4 characters ("SvUTF8"
would be off)
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV?
Working with AVs
"av_store_simple", "av_fetch_simple", "av_push_simple", are not
magical, are not readonly, are "real" (refcounted) AVs, have an
av_top_index value > -2
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
AVs, HVs and undefined values
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables
GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
I/O Handles
Double-Typed SVs
Read-Only Values
Copy on Write
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes
"SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)",
"SAVELONG(long i)", "SAVEI8(I8 i)", "SAVEI16(I16 i)",
"SAVEBOOL(int i)", "SAVESTRLEN(STRLEN i)", SAVESPTR(s),
SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVERCPV(char **ppv)", "SAVEGENERICSV(SV **psv)",
"SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP
*op)", SAVEFREEPV(p), "SAVEFREERCPV(char *pv)", "SAVECLEARSV(SV
*sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)",
"SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)",
"SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)",
"MORTALSVFUNC_X(SVFUNC_t f, SV *sv)", "MORTALDESTRUCTOR_SV(SV
*coderef, SV *args)", SAVESTACK_POS(), "SV* save_scalar(GV
*gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void
save_item(SV *item)", "SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)", "void
save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV **hptr)"
Subroutines
XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Autoloading with XSUBs
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion
Memory Allocation
Allocation
Reallocation
Moving
PerlIO
Compiled code
Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Compile-time scope hooks
"void bhk_start(pTHX_ int full)", "void bhk_pre_end(pTHX_ OP
**o)", "void bhk_post_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void bhk_eval(pTHX_
OP *const o)"
Examining internal data structures with the "dump" functions
How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
Background and MULTIPLICITY
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
Internal Functions
Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Formatted Printing of SVs
Formatted Printing of Strings
Formatted Printing of "Size_t" and "SSize_t"
Formatted Printing of "Ptrdiff_t", "intmax_t", "short" and other special
sizes
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Exception Handling
Source Documentation
Backwards compatibility
Unicode Support
What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
How do I pass a Perl string to a C library?
bytes: 0x64 0x78 0x8c, UTF-8: 0x64 0x78 0xc2 0x8c
How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
How do I compare strings?
Is there anything else I need to know?
Custom Operators
xop_name, xop_desc, xop_class, OA_BASEOP, OA_UNOP, OA_BINOP,
OA_LOGOP, OA_LISTOP, OA_PMOP, OA_SVOP, OA_PADOP, OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP,
OA_LOOP, OA_COP, xop_peep
Stacks
Value Stack
Mark Stack
Temporaries Stack
Save Stack
Scope Stack
Dynamic Scope and the Context Stack
Introduction to the context stack
Pushing contexts
Popping contexts
Redoing contexts
Reference-counted argument stack
Introduction
Reference counted stack states
not reference-counted, fully reference-counted, partially
reference-counted (split)
Wrapping
(Re)writing a PP function using the rpp_() API
Slab-based operator allocation
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
DESCRIPTION
An Error Handler, An Event-Driven Program
THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
FLAG VALUES
G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_LIST
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context
EXAMPLES
No Parameters, Nothing Returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a List of Values
Returning a List in Scalar Context
Returning Data from Perl via the Parameter List
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to Dispose of Temporaries
Strategies for Storing Callback Context Information
1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a
sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to
map to the Perl callback
Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and Calling an Anonymous Subroutine in C
LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE
perlmroapi - Perl method resolution plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
resolve, name, length, kflags, hash
Callbacks
Caching
Examples
AUTHORS
perlreapi - Perl regular expression plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
Callbacks
comp
"/m" - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, "/s" - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, "/i" -
RXf_PMf_FOLD, "/x" - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, "/p" - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY,
Character set, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY,
RXf_WHITE, RXf_NULL, RXf_NO_INPLACE_SUBST
exec
rx, sv, strbeg, strend, stringarg, minend, data, flags
intuit
checkstr
free
Numbered capture callbacks
Named capture callbacks
qr_package
dupe
op_comp
The REGEXP structure
"engine"
"mother_re"
"extflags"
"minlen" "minlenret"
"gofs"
"substrs"
"nparens", "logical_nparens"
"logical_to_parno", "parno_to_logical", "parno_to_logical_next"
"lastparen", and "lastcloseparen"
"intflags"
"pprivate"
"offs"
"RX_PRECOMP" "RX_PRELEN"
"paren_names"
"substrs"
"subbeg" "sublen" "saved_copy" "suboffset" "subcoffset"
"RX_WRAPPED" "RX_WRAPLEN"
RX_REFCNT()
HISTORY
AUTHORS
LICENSE
perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
A quick note on terms
What is a regular expression engine?
Structure of a Regexp Program
"regnode_1", "regnode_2", "regnode_string", "regnode_charclass",
"regnode_charclass_posixl", "REGNODE_AFTER", "regnext"
Process Overview
A. Compilation, 1. Parsing, 2. Peep-hole optimisation and analysis,
B. Execution, 3. Start position and no-match optimisations, 4.
Program execution
Compilation
anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and
maximum length requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line
positions
Execution
MISCELLANEOUS
Unicode and Localisation Support
Base Structures
"regstclass", "data", "code_blocks", "proglen", "name_list_idx",
"program"
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENCE
REFERENCES
perlclassguts - Internals of how "feature 'class'" and class syntax works
DESCRIPTION
DATA STORAGE
Classes
Fields
Methods
Instances
API
Class Manipulation
Field Manipulation
Method Manipulation
Object Instances
OPCODES
OP_METHSTART
OP_INITFIELD
COMPILE-TIME BEHAVIOUR
"ADJUST" Phasers
Attributes
Field Initializing Expressions
RUNTIME BEHAVIOUR
Constructor
$self Access During Methods
AUTHORS
perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
DESCRIPTION
"AV Handling" in perlapi, "Callback Functions" in perlapi, "Casting"
in perlapi, "Character case changing" in perlapi, "Character
classification" in perlapi, "Compiler and Preprocessor information"
in perlapi, "Compiler directives" in perlapi, "Compile-time scope
hooks" in perlapi, "Concurrency" in perlapi, "COPs and Hint Hashes"
in perlapi, "Custom Operators" in perlapi, "CV Handling" in perlapi,
"Debugging" in perlapi, "Display functions" in perlapi, "Embedding,
Threads, and Interpreter Cloning" in perlapi, "Errno" in perlapi,
"Exception Handling (simple) Macros" in perlapi, "Filesystem
configuration values" in perlapi, "Floating point" in perlapi,
"General Configuration" in perlapi, "Global Variables" in perlapi,
"GV Handling and Stashes" in perlapi, "Hook manipulation" in
perlapi, "HV Handling" in perlapi, "Input/Output" in perlapi,
"Integer" in perlapi, "I/O Formats" in perlapi, "Lexer interface" in
perlapi, "Locales" in perlapi, "Magic" in perlapi, "Memory
Management" in perlapi, "MRO" in perlapi, "Multicall Functions" in
perlapi, "Numeric Functions" in perlapi, "Optrees" in perlapi, "Pack
and Unpack" in perlapi, "Pad Data Structures" in perlapi, "Password
and Group access" in perlapi, "Paths to system commands" in perlapi,
"Prototype information" in perlapi, "Reference-counted stack
manipulation" in perlapi, "REGEXP Functions" in perlapi, "Reports
and Formats" in perlapi, "Signals" in perlapi, "Site configuration"
in perlapi, "Sockets configuration values" in perlapi, "Source
Filters" in perlapi, "Stack Manipulation Macros" in perlapi, "String
Handling" in perlapi, "SV Flags" in perlapi, "SV Handling" in
perlapi, "Tainting" in perlapi, "Time" in perlapi, "Typedef names"
in perlapi, "Unicode Support" in perlapi, "Utility Functions" in
perlapi, "Versioning" in perlapi, "Warning and Dieing" in perlapi,
"XS" in perlapi, "Undocumented elements" in perlapi
AV Handling
"AV", "AvALLOC", "AvARRAY" , "av_clear" , "av_count" ,
"av_create_and_push" , "av_create_and_unshift_one" , "av_delete" ,
"av_exists" , "av_extend" , "av_fetch" , "AvFILL" , "av_fill" ,
"av_len" , "av_make" , "av_pop" , "av_push" , "av_push_simple" ,
"av_shift" , "av_store" , "av_tindex", "av_top_index" , "av_undef" ,
"av_unshift" , "get_av" , "newAV", "newAV_mortal", "newAV_alloc_x",
"newAV_alloc_xz" , "newAV" form, "newAV_mortal" form,
"newAV_alloc_x" form, "newAV_alloc_xz" form, "newAVav" , "newAVhv" ,
"Nullav"
Callback Functions
"call_argv" , "call_method" , "call_pv" , "call_sv" ,
"DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t", "DESTRUCTORFUNC_t", "ENTER" ,
"ENTER_with_name" , "eval_pv" , "eval_sv" , "FREETMPS" ,
"G_DISCARD", "G_EVAL", "GIMME" , "GIMME_V" , "G_KEEPERR", "G_LIST",
"G_NOARGS", "G_SCALAR", "G_VOID", "is_lvalue_sub" , "LEAVE" ,
"LEAVE_with_name" , "MORTALDESTRUCTOR_SV", "mortal_destructor_sv" ,
"MORTALSVFUNC_X", "PL_errgv", "save_aelem", "save_aelem_flags" ,
"save_aptr", "save_ary", "SAVEBOOL", "SAVEDELETE", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR",
"SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X", "SAVEFREEOP", "SAVEFREEPV", "SAVEFREERCPV",
"SAVEFREESV", "SAVEGENERICSV", "save_hash", "save_helem",
"save_helem_flags" , "save_hptr", "SAVEINT", "save_item", "SAVEIV",
"SAVEI8", "SAVEI16", "SAVEI32", "SAVELONG", "SAVEMORTALIZESV",
"SAVEPPTR", "SAVERCPV", "save_scalar", "SAVESPTR", "SAVESTACK_POS",
"SAVESTRLEN", "save_svref", "SAVETMPS"
Casting
"Atof" , "cBOOL" , "INT2PTR", "I_V" , "I_32" , "PTR2IV", "PTR2nat",
"PTR2NV", "PTR2ul", "PTR2UV", "PTRV", "U_V" , "U_32"
Character case changing
"toFOLD", "toFOLD_A", "toFOLD_utf8", "toFOLD_utf8_safe",
"toFOLD_uvchr" , "toLOWER", "toLOWER_A", "toLOWER_LATIN1",
"toLOWER_LC", "toLOWER_L1", "toLOWER_utf8", "toLOWER_utf8_safe",
"toLOWER_uvchr" , "toTITLE", "toTITLE_A", "toTITLE_utf8",
"toTITLE_utf8_safe", "toTITLE_uvchr" , "toUPPER", "toUPPER_A",
"toUPPER_utf8", "toUPPER_utf8_safe", "toUPPER_uvchr"
Character classification
"isALNUM", "isALNUM_A", "isALNUM_LC", "isALNUM_LC_uvchr" ,
"isALNUMC", "isALNUMC_A", "isALNUMC_LC", "isALNUMC_LC_uvchr",
"isALNUMC_L1" , "isALPHA", "isALPHA_A", "isALPHA_LC",
"isALPHA_LC_utf8_safe", "isALPHA_LC_uvchr", "isALPHA_L1",
"isALPHA_utf8", "isALPHA_utf8_safe", "isALPHA_uvchr" ,
"isALPHANUMERIC", "isALPHANUMERIC_A", "isALPHANUMERIC_LC",
"isALPHANUMERIC_LC_utf8_safe", "isALPHANUMERIC_LC_uvchr",
"isALPHANUMERIC_L1", "isALPHANUMERIC_utf8",
"isALPHANUMERIC_utf8_safe", "isALPHANUMERIC_uvchr" , "isASCII",
"isASCII_A", "isASCII_LC", "isASCII_LC_utf8_safe",
"isASCII_LC_uvchr", "isASCII_L1", "isASCII_utf8",
"isASCII_utf8_safe", "isASCII_uvchr" , "isBLANK", "isBLANK_A",
"isBLANK_LC", "isBLANK_LC_utf8_safe", "isBLANK_LC_uvchr",
"isBLANK_L1", "isBLANK_utf8", "isBLANK_utf8_safe", "isBLANK_uvchr" ,
"isCNTRL", "isCNTRL_A", "isCNTRL_LC", "isCNTRL_LC_utf8_safe",
"isCNTRL_LC_uvchr", "isCNTRL_L1", "isCNTRL_utf8",
"isCNTRL_utf8_safe", "isCNTRL_uvchr" , "isDIGIT", "isDIGIT_A",
"isDIGIT_LC", "isDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe", "isDIGIT_LC_uvchr",
"isDIGIT_L1", "isDIGIT_utf8", "isDIGIT_utf8_safe", "isDIGIT_uvchr" ,
"isGRAPH", "isGRAPH_A", "isGRAPH_LC", "isGRAPH_LC_utf8_safe",
"isGRAPH_LC_uvchr", "isGRAPH_L1", "isGRAPH_utf8",
"isGRAPH_utf8_safe", "isGRAPH_uvchr" , "isIDCONT", "isIDCONT_A",
"isIDCONT_LC", "isIDCONT_LC_utf8_safe", "isIDCONT_LC_uvchr",
"isIDCONT_L1", "isIDCONT_utf8", "isIDCONT_utf8_safe",
"isIDCONT_uvchr"
, "isIDFIRST", "isIDFIRST_A", "isIDFIRST_LC",
"isIDFIRST_LC_utf8_safe", "isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr", "isIDFIRST_L1",
"isIDFIRST_utf8", "isIDFIRST_utf8_safe", "isIDFIRST_uvchr" ,
"isLOWER", "isLOWER_A", "isLOWER_LC", "isLOWER_LC_utf8_safe",
"isLOWER_LC_uvchr", "isLOWER_L1", "isLOWER_utf8",
"isLOWER_utf8_safe", "isLOWER_uvchr" , "isOCTAL", "isOCTAL_A",
"isOCTAL_L1" , "isPRINT", "isPRINT_A", "isPRINT_LC",
"isPRINT_LC_utf8_safe", "isPRINT_LC_uvchr", "isPRINT_L1",
"isPRINT_utf8", "isPRINT_utf8_safe", "isPRINT_uvchr" , "isPSXSPC",
"isPSXSPC_A", "isPSXSPC_LC", "isPSXSPC_LC_utf8_safe",
"isPSXSPC_LC_uvchr", "isPSXSPC_L1", "isPSXSPC_utf8",
"isPSXSPC_utf8_safe", "isPSXSPC_uvchr"
, "isPUNCT", "isPUNCT_A", "isPUNCT_LC", "isPUNCT_LC_utf8_safe",
"isPUNCT_LC_uvchr", "isPUNCT_L1", "isPUNCT_utf8",
"isPUNCT_utf8_safe", "isPUNCT_uvchr" , "isSPACE", "isSPACE_A",
"isSPACE_LC", "isSPACE_LC_utf8_safe", "isSPACE_LC_uvchr",
"isSPACE_L1", "isSPACE_utf8", "isSPACE_utf8_safe", "isSPACE_uvchr" ,
"isUPPER", "isUPPER_A", "isUPPER_LC", "isUPPER_LC_utf8_safe",
"isUPPER_LC_uvchr", "isUPPER_L1", "isUPPER_utf8",
"isUPPER_utf8_safe", "isUPPER_uvchr" , "isWORDCHAR", "isWORDCHAR_A",
"isWORDCHAR_LC", "isWORDCHAR_LC_utf8_safe", "isWORDCHAR_LC_uvchr",
"isWORDCHAR_L1", "isWORDCHAR_utf8", "isWORDCHAR_utf8_safe",
"isWORDCHAR_uvchr" X <isWORDCHAR_uvchr>, "isXDIGIT", "isXDIGIT_A",
"isXDIGIT_LC", "isXDIGIT_LC_utf8_safe", "isXDIGIT_LC_uvchr",
"isXDIGIT_L1", "isXDIGIT_utf8", "isXDIGIT_utf8_safe",
"isXDIGIT_uvchr"
Compiler and Preprocessor information
"CPPLAST" , "CPPMINUS" , "CPPRUN" , "CPPSTDIN" ,
"HASATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE" , "HASATTRIBUTE_DEPRECATED" ,
"HASATTRIBUTE_FORMAT" , "HASATTRIBUTE_NONNULL" ,
"HASATTRIBUTE_NORETURN" , "HASATTRIBUTE_PURE" ,
"HASATTRIBUTE_UNUSED" , "HASATTRIBUTE_VISIBILITY" ,
"HASATTRIBUTE_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT" , "HAS_BUILTIN_ADD_OVERFLOW" ,
"HAS_BUILTIN_CHOOSE_EXPR" , "HAS_BUILTIN_EXPECT" ,
"HAS_BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW" , "HAS_BUILTIN_SUB_OVERFLOW" ,
"HAS_C99_VARIADIC_MACROS" , "HAS_STATIC_INLINE" , "MEM_ALIGNBYTES" ,
"PERL_STATIC_INLINE" , "PERL_THREAD_LOCAL" ,
"U32_ALIGNMENT_REQUIRED"
Compiler directives
"__ASSERT_" , "ASSUME" , "dNOOP" , "END_EXTERN_C" , "EXTERN_C" ,
"LIKELY" , "NOOP" , "PERL_UNUSED_ARG" , "PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT" ,
"PERL_UNUSED_DECL" , "PERL_UNUSED_RESULT" , "PERL_UNUSED_VAR" ,
"START_EXTERN_C" , "STATIC", "STMT_END", "STMT_START" , "UNLIKELY"
Compile-time scope hooks
"BhkDISABLE" , "BhkENABLE" , "BhkENTRY_set" , "blockhook_register"
Concurrency
"aTHX", "aTHX_", "CPERLscope" , "dTHR", "dTHX", "dTHXa" , "dTHXoa" ,
"dVAR" , "GETENV_PRESERVES_OTHER_THREAD" , "HAS_PTHREAD_ATFORK" ,
"HAS_PTHREAD_ATTR_SETSCOPE" , "HAS_PTHREAD_YIELD" ,
"HAS_SCHED_YIELD" , "I_MACH_CTHREADS" , "I_PTHREAD" ,
"MULTIPLICITY", "OLD_PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE" , "OLD_PTHREADS_API" ,
"PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT", "pTHX", "pTHX_",
"SCHED_YIELD"
COPs and Hint Hashes
"cop_fetch_label" , "CopFILE" , "CopFILEAV" , "CopFILEAVn" ,
"CopFILE_copy" , "CopFILE_free" , "CopFILEGV" , "CopFILEGV_set" ,
"CopFILE_LEN" , "CopFILE_set" , "CopFILE_setn" , "CopFILESV" ,
"cophh_copy" , "cophh_delete_pv", "cophh_delete_pvn",
"cophh_delete_pvs", "cophh_delete_sv" , "cophh_exists_pvn" ,
"cophh_fetch_pv", "cophh_fetch_pvn", "cophh_fetch_pvs",
"cophh_fetch_sv" , "cophh_free" , "cophh_2hv" , "cophh_new_empty" ,
"cophh_store_pv", "cophh_store_pvn", "cophh_store_pvs",
"cophh_store_sv" , "cop_hints_exists_pv", "cop_hints_exists_pvn",
"cop_hints_exists_pvs", "cop_hints_exists_sv" ,
"cop_hints_fetch_pv", "cop_hints_fetch_pvn", "cop_hints_fetch_pvs",
"cop_hints_fetch_sv" , "cop_hints_2hv" , "CopLABEL", "CopLABEL_len",
"CopLABEL_len_flags" , "CopLINE" , "CopSTASH" , "CopSTASH_eq" ,
"CopSTASHPV" , "CopSTASHPV_set" , "CopSTASH_set" , "cop_store_label"
, "PERL_SI" , "PL_curcop" , "RCPV_LEN" , "RCPV_REFCNT_dec" ,
"RCPV_REFCNT_inc" , "RCPV_REFCOUNT" , "RCPVx"
Custom Operators
"custom_op_register" , "Perl_custom_op_xop" , "XopDISABLE" ,
"XopENABLE" , "XopENTRY" , "XopENTRYCUSTOM" , "XopENTRY_set" ,
"XopFLAGS"
CV Handling
"caller_cx" , "CvDEPTH" , "CvGV" , "CvSTASH" , "find_runcv" ,
"get_cv", "get_cvn_flags", "get_cvs" , "Nullcv"
Debugging
"av_dump" , "deb", "deb_nocontext" , "debstack" , "dump_all" ,
"dump_c_backtrace" , "dump_eval", "dump_form" , "dump_packsubs" ,
"dump_sub", "get_c_backtrace_dump" , "gv_dump" , "HAS_BACKTRACE" ,
"hv_dump" , "magic_dump" , "op_class" , "op_dump" , "PL_op",
"PL_runops", "PL_sv_serial", "pmop_dump" , "sv_dump" ,
"sv_dump_depth" , "vdeb"
Display functions
"form", "form_nocontext" , "mess", "mess_nocontext" , "mess_sv" ,
"pv_display" , "pv_escape" , "pv_pretty" , "vform" , "vmess"
Embedding, Threads, and Interpreter Cloning
"call_atexit" , "cv_clone" , "cv_name" , "cv_undef" ,
"find_rundefsv" , "get_op_descs" , "get_op_names" ,
"HAS_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT", "intro_my" , "load_module",
"load_module_nocontext" , "my_exit" , "my_failure_exit" ,
"my_strlcat" , "my_strlcpy" , "newPADNAMELIST" , "newPADNAMEouter" ,
"newPADNAMEpvn" , "nothreadhook" , "pad_add_anon" ,
"pad_add_name_pv" , "pad_add_name_pvn" , "pad_add_name_sv" ,
"pad_alloc" , "pad_findmy_pv" , "pad_findmy_pvn" , "pad_findmy_sv" ,
"padnamelist_fetch" , "padnamelist_store" , "pad_tidy" ,
"perl_alloc" , "PERL_ASYNC_CHECK", "perl_clone" , "perl_construct" ,
"perl_destruct" , "perl_free" , "PERL_GET_CONTEXT",
"PerlInterpreter", "perl_parse" , "perl_run" , "PERL_SET_CONTEXT",
"PERL_SYS_INIT", "PERL_SYS_INIT3" , "PERL_SYS_TERM" ,
"PL_exit_flags" , "PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END", "PERL_EXIT_ABORT",
"PERL_EXIT_WARN", "PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED", "PL_origalen",
"PL_perl_destruct_level" , 0 - none, 1 - full, 2 or greater - full
with checks, "ptr_table_fetch" , "ptr_table_free" , "ptr_table_new"
, "ptr_table_split" , "ptr_table_store" , "require_pv" ,
"vload_module"
Errno
"sv_string_from_errnum"
Exception Handling (simple) Macros
"dXCPT" , "JMPENV_JUMP", "JMPENV_PUSH", "PL_restartop", "XCPT_CATCH"
, "XCPT_RETHROW" , "XCPT_TRY_END" , "XCPT_TRY_START"
Filesystem configuration values
"DIRNAMLEN" , "DOSUID" , "EOF_NONBLOCK" , "FCNTL_CAN_LOCK" ,
"FFLUSH_ALL" , "FFLUSH_NULL" , "FILE_base" , "FILE_bufsiz" ,
"FILE_cnt" , "FILE_ptr" , "FLEXFILENAMES" , "HAS_DIR_DD_FD" ,
"HAS_DUP2" , "HAS_DUP3" , "HAS_FAST_STDIO" , "HAS_FCHDIR" ,
"HAS_FCNTL" , "HAS_FDCLOSE" , "HAS_FDOPENDIR" , "HAS_FPATHCONF" ,
"HAS_FPOS64_T" , "HAS_FSTATFS" , "HAS_FSTATVFS" , "HAS_GETFSSTAT" ,
"HAS_GETMNT" , "HAS_GETMNTENT" , "HAS_HASMNTOPT" , "HAS_LSEEK_PROTO"
, "HAS_MKDIR" , "HAS_OFF64_T" , "HAS_OPENAT" , "HAS_OPEN3" ,
"HAS_POLL" , "HAS_READDIR" , "HAS_READDIR64_R" , "HAS_REWINDDIR" ,
"HAS_RMDIR" , "HAS_SEEKDIR" , "HAS_SELECT" , "HAS_SETVBUF" ,
"HAS_STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY" , "HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA" ,
"HAS_STRUCT_STATFS" , "HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS" , "HAS_TELLDIR" ,
"HAS_USTAT" , "I_FCNTL" , "I_SYS_DIR" , "I_SYS_FILE" , "I_SYS_NDIR"
, "I_SYS_STATFS" , "LSEEKSIZE" , "RD_NODATA" , "READDIR64_R_PROTO" ,
"STDCHAR" , "STDIO_CNT_LVALUE" , "STDIO_PTR_LVAL_NOCHANGE_CNT" ,
"STDIO_PTR_LVAL_SETS_CNT" , "STDIO_PTR_LVALUE" ,
"STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY" , "ST_INO_SIGN" , "ST_INO_SIZE" , "VAL_EAGAIN"
, "VAL_O_NONBLOCK" , "VOID_CLOSEDIR"
Floating point
"CASTFLAGS" , "CASTNEGFLOAT" , "DOUBLE_HAS_INF" , "DOUBLE_HAS_NAN" ,
"DOUBLE_HAS_NEGATIVE_ZERO" , "DOUBLE_HAS_SUBNORMALS" ,
"DOUBLEINFBYTES" , "DOUBLEKIND" , "DOUBLEMANTBITS" ,
"DOUBLENANBYTES" , "DOUBLESIZE" , "DOUBLE_STYLE_CRAY" ,
"DOUBLE_STYLE_IBM" , "DOUBLE_STYLE_IEEE" , "DOUBLE_STYLE_VAX" ,
"HAS_ATOLF" , "HAS_CLASS" , "HAS_FINITE" , "HAS_FINITEL" ,
"HAS_FPCLASS" , "HAS_FP_CLASS" , "HAS_FPCLASSIFY" ,
"HAS_FP_CLASSIFY" , "HAS_FPCLASSL" , "HAS_FP_CLASSL" ,
"HAS_FPGETROUND" , "HAS_FREXPL" , "HAS_ILOGB" , "HAS_ISFINITE" ,
"HAS_ISFINITEL" , "HAS_ISINF" , "HAS_ISINFL" , "HAS_ISNAN" ,
"HAS_ISNANL" , "HAS_ISNORMAL" , "HAS_J0L" , "HAS_J0" ,
"HAS_LDBL_DIG" , "HAS_LDEXPL" , "HAS_LLRINT" , "HAS_LLRINTL" ,
"HAS_LLROUNDL" , "HAS_LONG_DOUBLE" , "HAS_LRINT" , "HAS_LRINTL" ,
"HAS_LROUNDL" , "HAS_MODFL" , "HAS_NAN" , "HAS_NEXTTOWARD" ,
"HAS_REMAINDER" , "HAS_SCALBN" , "HAS_SIGNBIT" , "HAS_SQRTL" ,
"HAS_STRTOD_L" , "HAS_STRTOLD" , "HAS_STRTOLD_L" , "HAS_TRUNC" ,
"HAS_UNORDERED" , "I_FENV" , "I_QUADMATH" , "LONGDBLINFBYTES" ,
"LONGDBLMANTBITS" , "LONGDBLNANBYTES" , "LONG_DOUBLEKIND" ,
"LONG_DOUBLESIZE" , "LONG_DOUBLE_STYLE_IEEE" ,
"LONG_DOUBLE_STYLE_IEEE_DOUBLEDOUBLE" ,
"LONG_DOUBLE_STYLE_IEEE_EXTENDED" , "LONG_DOUBLE_STYLE_IEEE_STD" ,
"LONG_DOUBLE_STYLE_VAX" , "NV", "NVMANTBITS" ,
"NV_OVERFLOWS_INTEGERS_AT" , "NV_PRESERVES_UV" ,
"NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS" , "NVSIZE" , "NVTYPE" ,
"NV_ZERO_IS_ALLBITS_ZERO"
General Configuration
"ASCIIish" , "BYTEORDER" , "CHARBITS" , "DB_VERSION_MAJOR_CFG" ,
"DB_VERSION_MINOR_CFG" , "DB_VERSION_PATCH_CFG" ,
"DEFAULT_INC_EXCLUDES_DOT" , "DLSYM_NEEDS_UNDERSCORE" , "EBCDIC" ,
"HAS_CSH" , "HAS_GETHOSTNAME" , "HAS_GNULIBC" , "HAS_LGAMMA" ,
"HAS_LGAMMA_R" , "HAS_NON_INT_BITFIELDS" , "HAS_PRCTL_SET_NAME" ,
"HAS_PROCSELFEXE" , "HAS_PSEUDOFORK" , "HAS_REGCOMP" , "HAS_SETPGID"
, "HAS_SIGSETJMP" , "HAS_STRUCT_CMSGHDR" , "HAS_STRUCT_MSGHDR" ,
"HAS_TGAMMA" , "HAS_UNAME" , "HAS_UNION_SEMUN" , "I_DIRENT" ,
"I_POLL" , "I_SYS_RESOURCE" , "LIBM_LIB_VERSION" , "NEED_VA_COPY",
"OSNAME" , "OSVERS" , "PERL_USE_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS" , "PHOSTNAME" ,
"PROCSELFEXE_PATH" , "PTRSIZE" , "RANDBITS" , "SELECT_MIN_BITS" ,
"SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW" , "ST_DEV_SIGN" , "ST_DEV_SIZE"
List of capability "HAS_foo" symbols
List of "#include" needed symbols
Global Variables
"PL_check" , "PL_infix_plugin" , "PL_keyword_plugin" , "PL_phase"
GV Handling and Stashes
"amagic_call" , "AMGf_noleft", "AMGf_noright", "AMGf_unary",
"AMGf_assign", "amagic_deref_call" , "gv_add_by_type" ,
"Gv_AMupdate" , 1 on success and there is some overload, 0 if there
is no overload, -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
(because "destructing" is true), "gv_autoload_pv",
"gv_autoload_pvn", "gv_autoload_sv" , "gv_autoload4" , "GvAV" ,
"gv_AVadd", "gv_HVadd", "gv_IOadd", "gv_SVadd" , "gv_const_sv" ,
"GvCV" , "gv_efullname3", "gv_efullname4", "gv_fullname3",
"gv_fullname4" , "gv_fetchfile", "gv_fetchfile_flags" ,
"gv_fetchmeth", "gv_fetchmeth_pv", "gv_fetchmeth_pvn",
"gv_fetchmeth_sv" , "gv_fetchmeth_autoload" , "gv_fetchmethod" ,
"gv_fetchmethod_autoload" , "gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload" ,
"gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload" , "gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload" ,
"gv_fetchpv", "gv_fetchpvn", "gv_fetchpvn_flags", "gv_fetchpvs",
"gv_fetchsv", "gv_fetchsv_nomg" X <gv_fetchsv_nomg>, "GvHV" ,
"gv_init" , "gv_init_pv" , "gv_init_pvn" , "gv_init_sv" ,
"gv_name_set" , "gv_stashpv" , "gv_stashpvn" , "gv_stashpvs" ,
"gv_stashsv" , "GvSV" , "GvSVn" , "newGVgen", "newGVgen_flags" ,
"PL_curstash" , "PL_defgv" , "PL_defoutgv" , "PL_defstash",
"save_gp" , "setdefout"
Hook manipulation
"rcpv_copy" , "rcpv_free" , "rcpv_new" , "wrap_op_checker"
HV Handling
"get_hv" , "HE", "HEf_SVKEY" , "HeHASH" , "HeKEY" , "HeKLEN" ,
"HePV" , "HeSVKEY" , "HeSVKEY_force" , "HeSVKEY_set" , "HeUTF8" ,
"HeVAL" , "HV", "hv_assert" , "hv_bucket_ratio" , "hv_clear" ,
"hv_clear_placeholders" , "hv_copy_hints_hv" , "hv_delete",
"hv_deletes" , "hv_delete_ent" , "HvENAME" , "HvENAMELEN" ,
"HvENAMEUTF8" , "hv_exists", "hv_existss" , "hv_exists_ent" ,
"hv_fetch", "hv_fetchs" , "hv_fetch_ent" , "hv_fetchs" , "HvFILL" ,
"HvHasAUX" , "hv_iterinit" , "hv_iterkey" , "hv_iterkeysv" ,
"hv_iternext" , "hv_iternext_flags" , "hv_iternextsv" , "hv_iterval"
, "hv_ksplit" , "hv_magic" , "HvNAME" , "HvNAMELEN" , "hv_name_set",
"hv_name_sets" , "HvNAMEUTF8" , "hv_scalar" , "hv_store",
"hv_stores" , "hv_store_ent" , "hv_undef" , "newHV" , "newHVhv" ,
"Nullhv" , "PERL_HASH", "PL_modglobal"
Input/Output
"do_close" , "IoDIRP", "IOf_FLUSH", "IoFLAGS", "IOf_UNTAINT",
"IoIFP", "IoOFP", "IoTYPE", "my_chsize" , "my_dirfd" , "my_pclose" ,
"my_popen" , "newIO" , "PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD" ,
"PerlIO_apply_layers", "PerlIO_binmode", "PerlIO_canset_cnt",
"PerlIO_clearerr", "PerlIO_close", "PerlIO_debug", "PerlIO_eof",
"PerlIO_error", "PerlIO_exportFILE", "PerlIO_fast_gets",
"PerlIO_fdopen", "PerlIO_fileno", "PerlIO_fill", "PerlIO_findFILE",
"PerlIO_flush", "PerlIO_get_base", "PerlIO_get_bufsiz",
"PerlIO_get_cnt", "PerlIO_get_ptr", "PerlIO_getc", "PerlIO_getpos",
"PerlIO_has_base", "PerlIO_has_cntptr", "PerlIO_importFILE",
"PerlIO_open", "PerlIO_printf", "PerlIO_putc", "PerlIO_puts",
"PerlIO_read", "PerlIO_releaseFILE", "PerlIO_reopen",
"PerlIO_rewind", "PerlIO_seek", "PerlIO_set_cnt",
"PerlIO_set_ptrcnt", "PerlIO_setlinebuf", "PerlIO_setpos",
"PerlIO_stderr", "PerlIO_stdin", "PerlIO_stdout", "PerlIO_stdoutf",
"PerlIO_tell", "PerlIO_ungetc", "PerlIO_unread", "PerlIO_vprintf",
"PerlIO_write", "PERLIO_F_APPEND", "PERLIO_F_CANREAD",
"PERLIO_F_CANWRITE", "PERLIO_F_CRLF", "PERLIO_F_EOF",
"PERLIO_F_ERROR", "PERLIO_F_FASTGETS", "PERLIO_F_LINEBUF",
"PERLIO_F_OPEN", "PERLIO_F_RDBUF", "PERLIO_F_TEMP",
"PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE", "PERLIO_F_UNBUF", "PERLIO_F_UTF8",
"PERLIO_F_WRBUF", "PERLIO_FUNCS_CAST" , "PERLIO_FUNCS_DECL" ,
"PERLIO_K_BUFFERED", "PERLIO_K_CANCRLF", "PERLIO_K_FASTGETS",
"PERLIO_K_MULTIARG", "PERLIO_K_RAW", "PERLIO_NOT_STDIO",
"PL_maxsysfd", "repeatcpy" , "USE_STDIO"
Integer
"CASTI32" , "HAS_INT64_T" , "HAS_LONG_LONG" , "HAS_QUAD" , "I32df" ,
"INT16_C", "INT32_C", "INT64_C" , "INTMAX_C" , "INTSIZE" , "I8SIZE"
, "I16SIZE" , "I32SIZE" , "I64SIZE" , "I8TYPE" , "I16TYPE" ,
"I32TYPE" , "I64TYPE" , "IV", "I8", "I16", "I32", "I64", "IV_MAX" ,
"IV_MIN" , "IVSIZE" , "IVTYPE" , "line_t" , "LONGLONGSIZE" ,
"LONGSIZE" , "memzero" , "PERL_INT_FAST8_T", "PERL_INT_FAST16_T",
"PERL_UINT_FAST8_T", "PERL_UINT_FAST16_T" , "PERL_INT_MAX",
"PERL_INT_MIN", "PERL_LONG_MAX", "PERL_LONG_MIN", "PERL_QUAD_MAX",
"PERL_QUAD_MIN", "PERL_SHORT_MAX", "PERL_SHORT_MIN",
"PERL_UCHAR_MAX", "PERL_UCHAR_MIN", "PERL_UINT_MAX",
"PERL_UINT_MIN", "PERL_ULONG_MAX", "PERL_ULONG_MIN",
"PERL_UQUAD_MAX", "PERL_UQUAD_MIN", "PERL_USHORT_MAX",
"PERL_USHORT_MIN" , "SHORTSIZE" , "UINT16_C", "UINT32_C", "UINT64_C"
, "UINTMAX_C" , "U32of" , "U8SIZE" , "U16SIZE" , "U32SIZE" ,
"U64SIZE" , "U8TYPE" , "U16TYPE" , "U32TYPE" , "U64TYPE" , "U32uf" ,
"UV", "U8", "U16", "U32", "U64", "UV_MAX" , "UV_MIN" , "UVSIZE" ,
"UVTYPE" , "U32Xf" , "U32xf" , "WIDEST_UTYPE"
I/O Formats
"HvNAMEf", "HvNAMEf_QUOTEDPREFIX", "IVdf" , "NVef" , "NVff" , "NVgf"
, "PERL_PRIeldbl" , "PERL_PRIfldbl" , "PERL_PRIgldbl" ,
"PERL_SCNfldbl" , "PRINTF_FORMAT_NULL_OK" , "SVf", "SVfARG",
"SVf_QUOTEDPREFIX", "UTF8f", "UTF8fARG", "UTF8f_QUOTEDPREFIX", "UVf"
, "UVof" , "UVuf" , "UVXf" , "UVxf"
Lexer interface
"BHK", "lex_bufutf8" , "lex_discard_to" , "lex_grow_linestr" ,
"lex_next_chunk" , "lex_peek_unichar" , "lex_read_space" ,
"lex_read_to" , "lex_read_unichar" , "lex_start" , "lex_stuff_pv" ,
"lex_stuff_pvn" , "lex_stuff_pvs" , "lex_stuff_sv" , "lex_unstuff" ,
"parse_arithexpr" , "parse_barestmt" , "parse_block" ,
"parse_fullexpr" , "parse_fullstmt" , "parse_label" ,
"parse_listexpr" , "parse_stmtseq" , "parse_subsignature" ,
"parse_termexpr" , "PL_parser" , "PL_parser->bufend" ,
"PL_parser->bufptr" , "PL_parser->linestart" , "PL_parser->linestr"
, "suspend_compcv" , "wrap_infix_plugin" , "wrap_keyword_plugin"
Locales
"DECLARATION_FOR_LC_NUMERIC_MANIPULATION" , "foldEQ_locale" ,
"HAS_DUPLOCALE" , "HAS_FREELOCALE" , "HAS_LC_MONETARY_2008" ,
"HAS_LOCALECONV" , "HAS_LOCALECONV_L" , "HAS_NEWLOCALE" ,
"HAS_NL_LANGINFO" , "HAS_NL_LANGINFO_L" , "HAS_QUERYLOCALE" ,
"HAS_SETLOCALE" , "HAS_SETLOCALE_R" , "HAS_USELOCALE" , "I_LANGINFO"
, "I_LOCALE" , "IN_LOCALE" , "IN_LOCALE_COMPILETIME" ,
"IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME" , "I_XLOCALE" , "NEED_XLOCALE_H" ,
"Perl_langinfo", "Perl_langinfo8" , a, b, c, d, e,
"PERL_LC_ALL_CATEGORY_POSITIONS_INIT" , "PERL_LC_ALL_SEPARATOR" ,
"PERL_LC_ALL_USES_NAME_VALUE_PAIRS" , "Perl_localeconv" ,
"Perl_setlocale" , "RESTORE_LC_NUMERIC" ,
"SETLOCALE_ACCEPTS_ANY_LOCALE_NAME" ,
"STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING" ,
"STORE_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED" ,
"STORE_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED_IN" , "sv_langinfo" ,
"switch_to_global_locale" , POSIX::localeconv, I18N::Langinfo, items
"CRNCYSTR" and "THOUSEP", "sv_langinfo" in perlapi, items "CRNCYSTR"
and "THOUSEP", "sync_locale" , "WITH_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED" ,
"WITH_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED_IN"
Magic
"mg_clear" , "mg_copy" , "MGf_COPY", "MGf_DUP", "MGf_LOCAL",
"mg_find" , "mg_findext" , "mg_free" , "mg_freeext" , "mg_free_type"
, "mg_get" , "mg_magical" , "mg_set" , "MGVTBL",
"PERL_MAGIC_arylen", "PERL_MAGIC_arylen_p", "PERL_MAGIC_backref",
"PERL_MAGIC_bm", "PERL_MAGIC_checkcall", "PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm",
"PERL_MAGIC_dbfile", "PERL_MAGIC_dbline", "PERL_MAGIC_debugvar",
"PERL_MAGIC_defelem", "PERL_MAGIC_destruct", "PERL_MAGIC_env",
"PERL_MAGIC_envelem", "PERL_MAGIC_ext", "PERL_MAGIC_extvalue",
"PERL_MAGIC_fm", "PERL_MAGIC_hints", "PERL_MAGIC_hintselem",
"PERL_MAGIC_hook", "PERL_MAGIC_hookelem", "PERL_MAGIC_isa",
"PERL_MAGIC_isaelem", "PERL_MAGIC_lvref", "PERL_MAGIC_nkeys",
"PERL_MAGIC_nonelem", "PERL_MAGIC_overload_table", "PERL_MAGIC_pos",
"PERL_MAGIC_qr", "PERL_MAGIC_regdata", "PERL_MAGIC_regdatum",
"PERL_MAGIC_regex_global", "PERL_MAGIC_rhash", "PERL_MAGIC_shared",
"PERL_MAGIC_shared_scalar", "PERL_MAGIC_sig", "PERL_MAGIC_sigelem",
"PERL_MAGIC_substr", "PERL_MAGIC_sv", "PERL_MAGIC_symtab",
"PERL_MAGIC_taint", "PERL_MAGIC_tied", "PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem",
"PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar", "PERL_MAGIC_utf8", "PERL_MAGIC_uvar",
"PERL_MAGIC_uvar_elem", "PERL_MAGIC_vec", "PERL_MAGIC_vstring",
"SvTIED_obj"
Memory Management
"dump_mstats" , "HASATTRIBUTE_MALLOC" , "HAS_MALLOC_GOOD_SIZE" ,
"HAS_MALLOC_SIZE" , "I_MALLOCMALLOC" , "MYMALLOC" , "Newx",
"safemalloc" , "Newxc" , "Newxz", "safecalloc" , "PERL_MALLOC_WRAP"
, "Renew", "saferealloc" , "Renewc" , "Safefree" , "safesyscalloc" ,
"safesysfree" , "safesysmalloc" , "safesysrealloc"
MRO "HvMROMETA", "mro_get_from_name" , "mro_get_linear_isa" ,
"MRO_GET_PRIVATE_DATA", "mro_method_changed_in" , "mro_register" ,
"mro_set_mro" , "mro_set_private_data"
Multicall Functions
"dMULTICALL" , "MULTICALL" , "POP_MULTICALL" , "PUSH_MULTICALL"
Numeric Functions
"Atol", "Atoul", "Drand01" , "Gconvert" , "grok_atoUV" , "grok_bin"
, "grok_hex" , "grok_infnan" , "grok_number" , "grok_number_flags" ,
"GROK_NUMERIC_RADIX" , "grok_numeric_radix" , "grok_oct" ,
"isinfnan" , "my_atof" , "my_strtod" , "PERL_ABS" , "Perl_acos",
"Perl_asin", "Perl_atan", "Perl_atan2", "Perl_ceil", "Perl_cos",
"Perl_cosh", "Perl_exp", "Perl_floor", "Perl_fmod", "Perl_frexp",
"Perl_isfinite", "Perl_isinf", "Perl_isnan", "Perl_ldexp",
"Perl_log", "Perl_log10", "Perl_modf", "Perl_pow", "Perl_sin",
"Perl_sinh", "Perl_sqrt", "Perl_tan", "Perl_tanh" X <Perl_isinf>X
<Perl_pow>, "Perl_signbit" , "PL_hexdigit" , "READ_XDIGIT" ,
"scan_bin" , "scan_hex" , "scan_oct" , "seedDrand01" , "Strtod" ,
"Strtol" , "Strtoul"
Optrees
"alloccopstash" , "BINOP", "block_end" , "block_start" ,
"ck_entersub_args_list" , "ck_entersub_args_proto" ,
"ck_entersub_args_proto_or_list" , "cv_const_sv" ,
"cv_get_call_checker" , "cv_get_call_checker_flags" ,
"cv_set_call_checker" , "cv_set_call_checker_flags" ,
"finalize_optree" , "forbid_outofblock_ops" , "LINKLIST" , "LISTOP",
"LOGOP", "LOOP", "newANONATTRSUB" , "newANONHASH" , "newANONLIST" ,
"newANONSUB" , "newARGDEFELEMOP" , "newASSIGNOP" , "newATTRSUB" ,
"newAVREF" , "newBINOP" , "newCONDOP" , "newCONSTSUB",
"newCONSTSUB_flags" , "newCVREF" , "newDEFEROP" , "newDEFSVOP" ,
"newFOROP" , "newGIVENOP" , "newGVOP" , "newGVREF" , "newHVREF" ,
"newLISTOP" , "newLISTOPn" , "newLOGOP" , "newLOOPEX" , "newLOOPOP"
, "newMETHOP" , "newMETHOP_named" , "newNULLLIST" , "newOP" ,
"newPADOP" , "newPMOP" , "newPVOP" , "newRANGE" , "newSLICEOP" ,
"newSTATEOP" , "newSUB" , "newSVOP" , "newSVREF" , "newTRYCATCHOP" ,
"newUNOP" , "newUNOP_AUX" , "newWHENOP" , "newWHILEOP" , "newXS" ,
"OA_BASEOP", "OA_BINOP", "OA_COP", "OA_LISTOP", "OA_LOGOP",
"OA_LOOP", "OA_PADOP", "OA_PMOP", "OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP", "OA_SVOP",
"OA_UNOP", "OP", "op_append_elem" , "op_append_list" , "OP_CLASS" ,
"op_contextualize" , "op_convert_list" , "OP_DESC" , "op_force_list"
, "op_free" , "OpHAS_SIBLING" , "OpLASTSIB_set" , "op_linklist" ,
"op_lvalue" , "OpMAYBESIB_set" , "OpMORESIB_set" , "OP_NAME" ,
"op_null" , "op_parent" , "op_prepend_elem" , "op_scope" ,
"OpSIBLING" , "op_sibling_splice" , "optimize_optree" , "OP_TYPE_IS"
, "OP_TYPE_IS_OR_WAS" , "op_wrap_finally" , "peep_t",
"Perl_cpeep_t", "PL_opfreehook" , "PL_peepp" , "PL_rpeepp" , "PMOP",
"rv2cv_op_cv" , "UNOP", "XOP"
Pack and Unpack
"packlist" , "unpackstring"
Pad Data Structures
"CvPADLIST" , "pad_add_name_pvs" , "PadARRAY" , "pad_findmy_pvs" ,
"PadlistARRAY" , "PadlistMAX" , "PadlistNAMES" , "PadlistNAMESARRAY"
, "PadlistNAMESMAX" , "PadlistREFCNT" , "PadMAX" , "PadnameLEN" ,
"PadnamelistARRAY" , "PadnamelistMAX" , "PadnamelistREFCNT" ,
"PadnamelistREFCNT_dec" , "PadnamePV" , "PadnameREFCNT" ,
"PadnameREFCNT_dec" , "PadnameREFCNT_inc" , "PadnameSV" ,
"PadnameUTF8" , "pad_new" , "PL_comppad" , "PL_comppad_name" ,
"PL_curpad" , "SVs_PADMY", "SVs_PADTMP"
Password and Group access
"GRPASSWD" , "HAS_ENDGRENT" , "HAS_ENDGRENT_R" , "HAS_ENDPWENT" ,
"HAS_ENDPWENT_R" , "HAS_GETGRENT" , "HAS_GETGRENT_R" ,
"HAS_GETPWENT" , "HAS_GETPWENT_R" , "HAS_SETGRENT" ,
"HAS_SETGRENT_R" , "HAS_SETPWENT" , "HAS_SETPWENT_R" , "PWAGE" ,
"PWCHANGE" , "PWCLASS" , "PWCOMMENT" , "PWEXPIRE" , "PWGECOS" ,
"PWPASSWD" , "PWQUOTA"
Paths to system commands
"CSH" , "LOC_SED" , "SH_PATH"
Prototype information
"CRYPT_R_PROTO" , "CTERMID_R_PROTO" , "DRAND48_R_PROTO" ,
"ENDGRENT_R_PROTO" , "ENDHOSTENT_R_PROTO" , "ENDNETENT_R_PROTO" ,
"ENDPROTOENT_R_PROTO" , "ENDPWENT_R_PROTO" , "ENDSERVENT_R_PROTO" ,
"GDBMNDBM_H_USES_PROTOTYPES" , "GDBM_NDBM_H_USES_PROTOTYPES" ,
"GETGRENT_R_PROTO" , "GETGRGID_R_PROTO" , "GETGRNAM_R_PROTO" ,
"GETHOSTBYADDR_R_PROTO" , "GETHOSTBYNAME_R_PROTO" ,
"GETHOSTENT_R_PROTO" , "GETLOGIN_R_PROTO" , "GETNETBYADDR_R_PROTO" ,
"GETNETBYNAME_R_PROTO" , "GETNETENT_R_PROTO" ,
"GETPROTOBYNAME_R_PROTO" , "GETPROTOBYNUMBER_R_PROTO" ,
"GETPROTOENT_R_PROTO" , "GETPWENT_R_PROTO" , "GETPWNAM_R_PROTO" ,
"GETPWUID_R_PROTO" , "GETSERVBYNAME_R_PROTO" ,
"GETSERVBYPORT_R_PROTO" , "GETSERVENT_R_PROTO" , "GETSPNAM_R_PROTO"
, "HAS_DBMINIT_PROTO" , "HAS_DRAND48_PROTO" , "HAS_FLOCK_PROTO" ,
"HAS_GETHOST_PROTOS" , "HAS_GETNET_PROTOS" , "HAS_GETPROTO_PROTOS" ,
"HAS_GETSERV_PROTOS" , "HAS_MODFL_PROTO" , "HAS_SBRK_PROTO" ,
"HAS_SETRESGID_PROTO" , "HAS_SETRESUID_PROTO" ,
"HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE" , "HAS_SOCKATMARK_PROTO" , "HAS_SYSCALL_PROTO"
, "HAS_TELLDIR_PROTO" , "NDBM_H_USES_PROTOTYPES" , "RANDOM_R_PROTO"
, "READDIR_R_PROTO" , "SETGRENT_R_PROTO" , "SETHOSTENT_R_PROTO" ,
"SETLOCALE_R_PROTO" , "SETNETENT_R_PROTO" , "SETPROTOENT_R_PROTO" ,
"SETPWENT_R_PROTO" , "SETSERVENT_R_PROTO" , "SRANDOM_R_PROTO" ,
"SRAND48_R_PROTO" , "STRERROR_R_PROTO" , "TMPNAM_R_PROTO" ,
"TTYNAME_R_PROTO"
Reference-counted stack manipulation
"rpp_context" , "rpp_extend" , "rpp_invoke_xs" , "rpp_is_lone" ,
"rpp_popfree_1_NN" , "rpp_popfree_2_NN" , "rpp_popfree_to" ,
"rpp_popfree_to_NN" , "rpp_popfree_1" , "rpp_popfree_2" ,
"rpp_pop_1_norc" , "rpp_push_1_norc" , "rpp_push_1", "rpp_push_IMM",
"rpp_push_2", "rpp_xpush_1", "rpp_xpush_IMM", "rpp_xpush_2" ,
"rpp_replace_at" , "rpp_replace_at_NN" , "rpp_replace_at_norc" ,
"rpp_replace_at_norc_NN" , "rpp_replace_1_1", "rpp_replace_1_1_NN",
"rpp_replace_1_IMM_NN" , "rpp_replace_2_1", "rpp_replace_2_1_NN",
"rpp_replace_2_IMM_NN" , "rpp_stack_is_rc" , "rpp_try_AMAGIC_1",
"rpp_try_AMAGIC_2" , "XSPP_wrapped"
REGEXP Functions
"pregcomp", "pregexec", "re_compile" , "re_dup_guts" ,
"REGEX_LOCALE_CHARSET", "REGEXP", "regexp_engine" ,
"regexp_paren_pair", "regmatch_info" , "REXEC_COPY_SKIP_POST",
"REXEC_COPY_SKIP_PRE", "REXEC_COPY_STR", "RXapif_ALL",
"RXapif_CLEAR", "RXapif_DELETE", "RXapif_EXISTS", "RXapif_FETCH",
"RXapif_FIRSTKEY", "RXapif_NEXTKEY", "RXapif_ONE", "RXapif_REGNAME",
"RXapif_REGNAMES", "RXapif_REGNAMES_COUNT", "RXapif_SCALAR",
"RXapif_STORE", "RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH",
"RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH", "RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH",
"RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH", "RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH",
"RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH", "RXf_NO_INPLACE_SUBST", "RXf_NULL",
"RXf_SKIPWHITE", "RXf_SPLIT", "RXf_START_ONLY", "RXf_WHITE",
"RXf_PMf_EXTENDED", "RXf_PMf_FOLD", "RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY",
"RXf_PMf_MULTILINE", "RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE", "RX_MATCH_COPIED",
"struct regexp", "SvRX" , "SvRXOK" , "SV_SAVED_COPY"
Reports and Formats
"IoBOTTOM_GV", "IoBOTTOM_NAME", "IoFMT_GV", "IoFMT_NAME", "IoLINES",
"IoLINES_LEFT", "IoPAGE", "IoPAGE_LEN", "IoTOP_GV", "IoTOP_NAME"
Signals
"HAS_SIGINFO_SI_ADDR" , "HAS_SIGINFO_SI_BAND" ,
"HAS_SIGINFO_SI_ERRNO" , "HAS_SIGINFO_SI_PID" ,
"HAS_SIGINFO_SI_STATUS" , "HAS_SIGINFO_SI_UID" ,
"HAS_SIGINFO_SI_VALUE" , "PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG" , "rsignal" ,
"rsignal_state" , "Sigjmp_buf" , "Siglongjmp" , "SIG_NAME" ,
"SIG_NUM" , "Sigsetjmp" , "SIG_SIZE" , "whichsig", "whichsig_pv",
"whichsig_pvn", "whichsig_sv"
Site configuration
"ARCHLIB" , "ARCHLIB_EXP" , "ARCHNAME" , "BIN" , "BIN_EXP" ,
"INSTALL_USR_BIN_PERL" , "MULTIARCH" , "PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST" ,
"PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS" , "PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC" , "PERL_TARGETARCH" ,
"PERL_USE_DEVEL" , "PERL_VENDORARCH" , "PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP" ,
"PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP" , "PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM" , "PRIVLIB" ,
"PRIVLIB_EXP" , "SITEARCH" , "SITEARCH_EXP" , "SITELIB" ,
"SITELIB_EXP" , "SITELIB_STEM" , "STARTPERL" , "USE_64_BIT_ALL" ,
"USE_64_BIT_INT" , "USE_BSD_GETPGRP" , "USE_BSD_SETPGRP" ,
"USE_C_BACKTRACE" , "USE_CPLUSPLUS" , "USE_CROSS_COMPILE" ,
"USE_DTRACE" , "USE_DYNAMIC_LOADING" , "USE_FAST_STDIO" ,
"USE_ITHREADS" , "USE_KERN_PROC_PATHNAME" , "USE_LARGE_FILES" ,
"USE_LONG_DOUBLE" , "USE_MORE_BITS" , "USE_NSGETEXECUTABLEPATH" ,
"USE_PERLIO" , "USE_QUADMATH" , "USE_REENTRANT_API" ,
"USE_SEMCTL_SEMID_DS" , "USE_SEMCTL_SEMUN" , "USE_SITECUSTOMIZE" ,
"USE_SOCKS" , "USE_STAT_BLOCKS" , "USE_STDIO_BASE" , "USE_STDIO_PTR"
, "USE_STRICT_BY_DEFAULT" , "USE_THREADS"
Sockets configuration values
"HAS_SOCKADDR_IN6" , "HAS_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN" , "HAS_SOCKADDR_STORAGE"
, "HAS_SOCKATMARK" , "HAS_SOCKET" , "HAS_SOCKETPAIR" ,
"HAS_SOCKS5_INIT" , "I_SOCKS" , "I_SYS_SOCKIO"
Source Filters
"apply_builtin_cv_attributes" , "filter_add", "filter_del" ,
"filter_read", "scan_vstring" , "start_subparse"
Stack Manipulation Macros
"dMARK" , "dORIGMARK" , "dSP" , "dTARGET" , "EXTEND" , "MARK" ,
"mPUSHi" , "mPUSHn" , "mPUSHp" , "mPUSHpvs" , "mPUSHs" , "mPUSHu" ,
"mXPUSHi" , "mXPUSHn" , "mXPUSHp" , "mXPUSHpvs" , "mXPUSHs" ,
"mXPUSHu" , "newXSproto" , "ORIGMARK" , "PL_markstack",
"PL_markstack_ptr", "PL_savestack", "PL_savestack_ix",
"PL_scopestack", "PL_scopestack_ix", "PL_scopestack_name",
"PL_stack_base", "PL_stack_sp", "PL_tmps_floor", "PL_tmps_ix",
"PL_tmps_stack", "POPi" , "POPl" , "POPn" , "POPp" , "POPpbytex" ,
"POPpx" , "POPs" , "POPu" , "POPul" , "PUSHi" , "PUSHMARK" ,
"PUSHmortal" , "PUSHn" , "PUSHp" , "PUSHpvs" , "PUSHs" , "PUSHu" ,
"PUTBACK" , "SAVEt_INT", "SP" , "SPAGAIN" , "SSNEW", "SSNEWa",
"SSNEWat", "SSNEWt" , "SSPTR", "SSPTRt" , "TARG" , "TOPs", "XPUSHi"
, "XPUSHmortal" , "XPUSHn" , "XPUSHp" , "XPUSHpvs" , "XPUSHs" ,
"XPUSHu" , "XS_APIVERSION_BOOTCHECK" , "XSRETURN" , "XSRETURN_EMPTY"
, "XSRETURN_IV" , "XSRETURN_NO" , "XSRETURN_NV" , "XSRETURN_PV" ,
"XSRETURN_UNDEF" , "XSRETURN_UV" , "XSRETURN_YES" , "XST_mIV" ,
"XST_mNO" , "XST_mNV" , "XST_mPV" , "XST_mUNDEF" , "XST_mUV" ,
"XST_mYES" , "XS_VERSION" , "XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK"
String Handling
"CAT2" , "Copy", "CopyD" , "delimcpy" , "do_join" , "do_sprintf" ,
"fbm_compile" , "fbm_instr" , "foldEQ" , "ibcmp" , "ibcmp_locale" ,
"ibcmp_utf8" , "instr" , "memCHRs" , "memEQ" , "memEQs" , "memNE" ,
"memNEs" , "Move", "MoveD" , "my_snprintf" , "my_sprintf" ,
"my_strnlen" , "my_vsnprintf" , "NewCopy" , "ninstr" , "Nullch" ,
"PL_na" , "rninstr" , "savepv" , "savepvn" , "savepvs" ,
"savesharedpv" , "savesharedpvn" , "savesharedpvs" ,
"savesharedsvpv" , "savesvpv" , "strEQ" , "strGE" , "strGT" ,
"STRINGIFY" , "strLE" , "STRLEN", "strLT" , "strNE" , "strnEQ" ,
"strnNE" , "STR_WITH_LEN" , "Zero", "ZeroD"
SV Flags
"SVt_IV" , "SVt_NULL" , "SVt_NV" , "SVt_PV" , "SVt_PVAV" ,
"SVt_PVCV" , "SVt_PVFM" , "SVt_PVGV" , "SVt_PVHV" , "SVt_PVIO" ,
"SVt_PVIV" , "SVt_PVLV" , "SVt_PVMG" , "SVt_PVNV" , "SVt_PVOBJ" ,
"SVt_REGEXP" , "svtype"
SV Handling
"AV_FROM_REF", "CV_FROM_REF", "HV_FROM_REF" ,
"BOOL_INTERNALS_sv_isbool" , "BOOL_INTERNALS_sv_isbool_false" ,
"BOOL_INTERNALS_sv_isbool_true" , "boolSV" , "croak_xs_usage" ,
"DEFSV" , "DEFSV_set" , "get_sv" , "isGV_with_GP" ,
"looks_like_number" , "MUTABLE_AV", "MUTABLE_CV", "MUTABLE_GV",
"MUTABLE_HV", "MUTABLE_IO", "MUTABLE_PTR", "MUTABLE_SV" , "newRV",
"newRV_inc" , "newRV_noinc" , "newSV" , "newSVbool" , "newSV_false"
, "newSVhek" , "newSVhek_mortal" , "newSViv" , "newSVnv" ,
"newSVpadname" , "newSVpv" , "newSVpvf" , "newSVpvf_nocontext" ,
"newSVpvn" , "newSVpvn_flags" , "newSVpvn_share" , "newSVpvn_utf8" ,
"newSVpvs" , "newSVpvs_flags" , "newSVpv_share" , "newSVpvs_share" ,
"newSVrv" , "newSVsv", "newSVsv_flags", "newSVsv_nomg" ,
"newSV_true" , "newSV_type" , "newSV_type_mortal" , "newSVuv" ,
"Nullsv" , "PL_sv_no" , "PL_sv_undef" , "PL_sv_yes" , "PL_sv_zero" ,
"SAVE_DEFSV" , "sortsv" , "sortsv_flags" , "SV", "SvAMAGIC" ,
"SvAMAGIC_off" , "SvAMAGIC_on" , "sv_backoff" , "sv_bless" ,
"SvBoolFlagsOK" , "sv_catpv", "sv_catpv_flags", "sv_catpv_mg",
"sv_catpv_nomg" , "sv_catpvf", "sv_catpvf_mg",
"sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext", "sv_catpvf_nocontext" , "sv_catpvn",
"sv_catpvn_flags", "sv_catpvn_mg", "sv_catpvn_nomg" , "sv_catpvs" ,
"sv_catpvs_flags" , "sv_catpvs_mg" , "sv_catpvs_nomg" , "sv_catsv",
"sv_catsv_flags", "sv_catsv_mg", "sv_catsv_nomg" ,
"SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST" , "SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP" , "sv_chop" ,
"sv_clear" , "sv_cmp" , "sv_cmp_flags" , "sv_cmp_locale" ,
"sv_cmp_locale_flags" , "sv_collxfrm" , "sv_collxfrm_flags" ,
"sv_copypv", "sv_copypv_flags", "sv_copypv_nomg" , "SvCUR" ,
"SvCUR_set" , "sv_2cv" , "sv_dec", "sv_dec_nomg" , "sv_derived_from"
, "sv_derived_from_hv" , "sv_derived_from_pv" ,
"sv_derived_from_pvn" , "sv_derived_from_sv" , "sv_does" ,
"sv_does_pv" , "sv_does_pvn" , "sv_does_sv" , "SvEND" , "sv_eq",
"sv_eq_flags" , "sv_force_normal" , "sv_force_normal_flags" ,
"sv_free" , "SvGAMAGIC" , "sv_get_backrefs" , "SvGETMAGIC" ,
"sv_gets" , "SvGROW" , "SvIandPOK" , "SvIandPOK_off" ,
"SvIandPOK_on" , "sv_inc", "sv_inc_nomg" , "sv_insert",
"sv_insert_flags" , "sv_2io" , "SvIOK" , "SvIOK_notUV" , "SvIOK_off"
, "SvIOK_on" , "SvIOK_only" , "SvIOK_only_UV" , "SvIOKp" ,
"SvIOK_UV" , "sv_isa" , "sv_isa_sv" , "SvIsBOOL" , "SvIsCOW" ,
"SvIsCOW_shared_hash" , "sv_isobject" , "SvIV", "SvIV_nomg", "SvIVx"
, "sv_2iv_flags" , "SvIV_set" , "SvIVX" , "SvLEN" , "sv_len" ,
"SvLEN_set" , "sv_len_utf8", "sv_len_utf8_nomg" , "SvLOCK" ,
"sv_magic" , "sv_magicext" , "SvMAGIC_set" , "sv_2mortal" ,
"sv_mortalcopy" , "sv_mortalcopy_flags" , "sv_newmortal" , "SvNIOK"
, "SvNIOK_off" , "SvNIOKp" , "SvNOK" , "SvNOK_off" , "SvNOK_on" ,
"SvNOK_only" , "SvNOKp" , "sv_nolocking" , "sv_nounlocking" ,
"sv_numeq" , "sv_numeq_flags" , "SvNV", "SvNV_nomg", "SvNVx" ,
"sv_2nv_flags" , "SvNV_set" , "SvNVX" , "SvOK" , "SvOOK" ,
"SvOOK_off" , "SvOOK_offset" , "SvPOK" , "SvPOK_off" , "SvPOK_on" ,
"SvPOK_only" , "SvPOK_only_UTF8" , "SvPOKp" , "sv_pos_b2u" ,
"sv_pos_b2u_flags" , "sv_pos_u2b" , "sv_pos_u2b_flags" , "SvPV",
"SvPV_const", "SvPV_flags", "SvPV_flags_const",
"SvPV_flags_mutable", "SvPV_mutable", "SvPV_nolen",
"SvPV_nolen_const", "SvPV_nomg", "SvPV_nomg_const",
"SvPV_nomg_const_nolen", "SvPV_nomg_nolen", "SvPVbyte",
"SvPVbyte_nolen", "SvPVbyte_nomg", "SvPVbyte_or_null",
"SvPVbyte_or_null_nomg", "SvPVbytex", "SvPVbytex_nolen", "SvPVutf8",
"SvPVutf8_nolen", "SvPVutf8_nomg", "SvPVutf8_or_null",
"SvPVutf8_or_null_nomg", "SvPVutf8x", "SvPVx", "SvPVx_const",
"SvPVx_nolen", "SvPVx_nolen_const"
, "sv_2pv", "sv_2pv_flags" , "sv_2pvbyte", "sv_2pvbyte_flags" ,
"SvPVCLEAR" , "SvPVCLEAR_FRESH" , "SvPV_force", "SvPV_force_flags",
"SvPV_force_flags_mutable", "SvPV_force_flags_nolen",
"SvPV_force_mutable", "SvPV_force_nolen", "SvPV_force_nomg",
"SvPV_force_nomg_nolen", "SvPVbyte_force", "SvPVbytex_force",
"SvPVutf8_force", "SvPVutf8x_force", "SvPVx_force" , "SvPV_free" ,
"sv_pvn_force_flags" , "SvPV_renew" , "SvPV_set" ,
"SvPV_shrink_to_cur" , "sv_2pvutf8", "sv_2pvutf8_flags" , "SvPVX",
"SvPVX_const", "SvPVX_mutable", "SvPVXx" , "SvPVXtrue" ,
"SvREADONLY" , "SvREADONLY_off" , "SvREADONLY_on" , "sv_ref" ,
"SvREFCNT" , "SvREFCNT_dec", "SvREFCNT_dec_set_NULL",
"SvREFCNT_dec_ret_NULL", "SvREFCNT_dec_NN" , "SvREFCNT_inc",
"SvREFCNT_inc_NN", "SvREFCNT_inc_simple", "SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN",
"SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void", "SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN",
"SvREFCNT_inc_void", "SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN" , "sv_reftype" ,
"sv_replace" , "sv_report_used" , "sv_reset" , "SvROK" , "SvROK_off"
, "SvROK_on" , "SvRV" , "SvRV_set" , "sv_rvunweaken" , "sv_rvweaken"
, "sv_setbool", "sv_setbool_mg" , "sv_set_bool" , "sv_set_false" ,
"sv_setiv", "sv_setiv_mg" , "SvSETMAGIC" , "SvSetMagicSV",
"SvSetMagicSV_nosteal", "SvSetSV", "SvSetSV_nosteal" , "sv_setnv",
"sv_setnv_mg" , "sv_setpv", "sv_setpv_mg", "sv_setpvn",
"sv_setpvn_fresh", "sv_setpvn_mg", "sv_setpvs", "sv_setpvs_mg" ,
"sv_setpv_bufsize" , "sv_setpvf", "sv_setpvf_mg",
"sv_setpvf_mg_nocontext", "sv_setpvf_nocontext" , "sv_setref_iv" ,
"sv_setref_nv" , "sv_setref_pv" , "sv_setref_pvn" , "sv_setref_pvs"
, "sv_setref_uv" , "sv_setrv_inc", "sv_setrv_inc_mg" ,
"sv_setrv_noinc", "sv_setrv_noinc_mg" , "sv_setsv",
"sv_setsv_flags", "sv_setsv_mg", "sv_setsv_nomg" , "sv_set_true" ,
"sv_set_undef" , "sv_setuv", "sv_setuv_mg" , "SvSHARE" ,
"SvSHARED_HASH" , "SvSTASH" , "SvSTASH_set" , "sv_streq" ,
"sv_streq_flags" , "SvTRUE", "SvTRUE_NN", "SvTRUE_nomg",
"SvTRUE_nomg_NN", "SvTRUEx" , "SvTYPE" , "SvUNLOCK" , "sv_unmagic" ,
"sv_unmagicext" , "sv_unref" , "sv_unref_flags" , "SvUOK" ,
"SvUPGRADE" , "sv_upgrade" , "sv_usepvn", "sv_usepvn_flags",
"sv_usepvn_mg" , "sv_utf8_decode" , "sv_utf8_downgrade",
"sv_utf8_downgrade_flags", "sv_utf8_downgrade_nomg" ,
"sv_utf8_encode" , "SvUTF8_off" , "SvUTF8_on" , "sv_utf8_upgrade",
"sv_utf8_upgrade_flags", "sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow",
"sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg" , "SvUTF8" , "SvUV", "SvUV_nomg", "SvUVx" ,
"sv_2uv_flags" , "SvUV_set" , "SvUVX" , "SvUVXx" , "sv_vcatpvf",
"sv_vcatpvf_mg" , "sv_vcatpvfn", "sv_vcatpvfn_flags" , "SvVOK" ,
"sv_vsetpvf", "sv_vsetpvf_mg" , "sv_vsetpvfn" , "SvVSTRING_mg" ,
"vnewSVpvf"
Tainting
"SvTAINT" , "SvTAINTED" , "SvTAINTED_off" , "SvTAINTED_on"
Time
"ASCTIME_R_PROTO" , "CTIME_R_PROTO" , "GMTIME_MAX" , "GMTIME_MIN" ,
"GMTIME_R_PROTO" , "HAS_ASCTIME_R" , "HAS_ASCTIME64" , "HAS_CTIME_R"
, "HAS_CTIME64" , "HAS_DIFFTIME" , "HAS_DIFFTIME64" , "HAS_FUTIMES"
, "HAS_GETITIMER" , "HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY" , "HAS_GMTIME_R" ,
"HAS_GMTIME64" , "HAS_LOCALTIME_R" , "HAS_LOCALTIME64" ,
"HAS_MKTIME" , "HAS_MKTIME64" , "HAS_NANOSLEEP" , "HAS_SETITIMER" ,
"HAS_STRFTIME" , "HAS_TIME" , "HAS_TIMEGM" , "HAS_TIMES" ,
"HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF" , "HAS_TM_TM_ZONE" , "HAS_TZNAME" , "HAS_USLEEP"
, "HAS_USLEEP_PROTO" , "I_TIME" , "I_UTIME" , "LOCALTIME_MAX" ,
"LOCALTIME_MIN" , "LOCALTIME_R_NEEDS_TZSET" , "LOCALTIME_R_PROTO" ,
"L_R_TZSET" , "mini_mktime" , "sv_strftime_tm", "my_strftime"
Typedef names
"DB_Hash_t" , "DB_Prefix_t" , "Direntry_t" , "Fpos_t" , "Free_t" ,
"Gid_t" , "Gid_t_f" , "Gid_t_sign" , "Gid_t_size" , "Groups_t" ,
"Malloc_t" , "Mmap_t" , "Mode_t" , "Netdb_hlen_t" , "Netdb_host_t" ,
"Netdb_name_t" , "Netdb_net_t" , "Off_t" , "Off_t_size" , "Pid_t" ,
"Rand_seed_t" , "Select_fd_set_t" , "Shmat_t" , "Signal_t" ,
"Size_t" , "Size_t_size" , "Sock_size_t" , "SSize_t" , "Time_t" ,
"Uid_t" , "Uid_t_f" , "Uid_t_sign" , "Uid_t_size"
Unicode Support X <UNICODE_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE>
"BOM_UTF8" , "bytes_cmp_utf8" , "bytes_from_utf8" , "bytes_to_utf8"
, "DO_UTF8" , "foldEQ_utf8" , "is_ascii_string" ,
"isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR" , "is_c9strict_utf8_string" ,
"is_c9strict_utf8_string_loc" , "is_c9strict_utf8_string_loclen" ,
"is_invariant_string" , "isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR" ,
"is_strict_utf8_string" , "is_strict_utf8_string_loc" ,
"is_strict_utf8_string_loclen" , "isUTF8_CHAR" , "is_utf8_char_buf"
, "isUTF8_CHAR_flags" , "is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_flags" ,
"is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loc_flags" ,
"is_utf8_fixed_width_buf_loclen_flags" , "is_utf8_invariant_string"
, "is_utf8_invariant_string_loc" , "is_utf8_string" ,
"is_utf8_string_flags" , "is_utf8_string_loc" ,
"is_utf8_string_loc_flags" , "is_utf8_string_loclen" ,
"is_utf8_string_loclen_flags" , "is_utf8_valid_partial_char" ,
"is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags" , "LATIN1_TO_NATIVE" ,
"NATIVE_TO_LATIN1" , "NATIVE_TO_UNI" , "pv_uni_display" ,
"REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER_UTF8" , "sv_cat_decode" , "sv_recode_to_utf8"
, "sv_uni_display" , "UNICODE_IS_NONCHAR" , "UNICODE_IS_REPLACEMENT"
, "UNICODE_IS_SUPER" , "UNICODE_IS_SURROGATE" ,
"UNICODE_REPLACEMENT" , "UNI_TO_NATIVE" , "UTF8_CHK_SKIP" ,
"utf8_distance" , "utf8_hop" , "utf8_hop_back" , "utf8_hop_forward"
, "utf8_hop_safe" , "UTF8_IS_INVARIANT" , "UTF8_IS_NONCHAR" ,
"UTF8_IS_REPLACEMENT" , "UTF8_IS_SUPER" , "UTF8_IS_SURROGATE" ,
"utf8_length" , "UTF8_MAXBYTES" , "UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE" ,
"utf8ness_t" , "UTF8NESS_YES", "UTF8NESS_NO", "UTF8NESS_IMMATERIAL",
"UTF8NESS_UNKNOWN", "0 <= enum value <= UTF8NESS_IMMATERIAL",
"UTF8NESS_IMMATERIAL <= <enum value", "utf8n_to_uvchr" ,
"utf8n_to_uvchr_error" , "UTF8_GOT_PERL_EXTENDED",
"UTF8_GOT_CONTINUATION", "UTF8_GOT_EMPTY", "UTF8_GOT_LONG",
"UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR", "UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION",
"UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW", "UTF8_GOT_SHORT", "UTF8_GOT_SUPER",
"UTF8_GOT_SURROGATE", "utf8n_to_uvchr_msgs" , "text",
"warn_categories", "flag", "UTF8_SAFE_SKIP" , "UTF8SKIP" ,
""UTF8_SAFE_SKIP" in perlapi" if you know the maximum ending pointer
in the buffer pointed to by "s"; or, ""UTF8_CHK_SKIP" in perlapi" if
you don't know it, "UTF8_SKIP" , "utf8_to_bytes" , "utf8_to_uvchr" ,
"utf8_to_uvchr_buf" , "UVCHR_IS_INVARIANT" , "UVCHR_SKIP" ,
"uvchr_to_utf8_flags" , "uvchr_to_utf8_flags_msgs" , "text",
"warn_categories", "flag", "uvchr_to_utf8"
Utility Functions
"C_ARRAY_END" , "C_ARRAY_LENGTH" , "getcwd_sv" ,
"IN_PERL_COMPILETIME" , "IN_PERL_RUNTIME" , "IS_SAFE_SYSCALL" ,
"is_safe_syscall" , "my_setenv" , "newPADxVOP" , "phase_name" ,
"Poison" , "PoisonFree" , "PoisonNew" , "PoisonWith" , "StructCopy"
, "sv_destroyable" , "sv_nosharing"
Versioning
"new_version" , "PERL_REVISION" , "PERL_SUBVERSION" , "PERL_VERSION"
, "PERL_VERSION_EQ", "PERL_VERSION_GE", "PERL_VERSION_GT",
"PERL_VERSION_LE", "PERL_VERSION_LT", "PERL_VERSION_NE" ,
"prescan_version" , "scan_version" , "upg_version" , "vcmp" ,
"vnormal" , "vnumify" , "vstringify" , "vverify" , The SV is an HV
or a reference to an HV, The hash contains a "version" key, The
"version" key has a reference to an AV as its value
Warning and Dieing X <WARN_LAYER>
"ckWARN", "ckWARN2", "ckWARN3", "ckWARN4" , "ckWARN_d", "ckWARN2_d",
"ckWARN3_d", "ckWARN4_d" , "ck_warner", "ck_warner_d" ,
"CLEAR_ERRSV" , "croak", "croak_nocontext" , "croak_no_modify" ,
"croak_sv" , "die", "die_nocontext" , "die_sv" , "ERRSV" ,
"fatal_warner" , "packWARN", "packWARN2", "packWARN3", "packWARN4" ,
"SANE_ERRSV" , "vcroak" , "vfatal_warner" , "vwarn" , "vwarner" ,
"warn", "warn_nocontext" , "warner", "warner_nocontext" , "warn_sv"
XS "aMY_CXT", "_aMY_CXT", "aMY_CXT_", "ax" , "CLASS" , "dAX" ,
"dAXMARK" , "dITEMS" , "dMY_CXT", "dMY_CXT_SV" , "dUNDERBAR" ,
"dXSARGS" , "dXSI32" , "items" , "ix" , "MY_CXT", "MY_CXT_CLONE",
"MY_CXT_INIT", "pMY_CXT", "_pMY_CXT", "pMY_CXT_", "RETVAL" , "ST" ,
"START_MY_CXT", "THIS" , "UNDERBAR" , "XS" , "XS_EXTERNAL" ,
"XS_INTERNAL" , "XSPROTO"
Undocumented elements
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions
DESCRIPTION
AV Handling
"av_fetch_simple" , "AvFILLp" , "av_new_alloc" , "av_store_simple"
Callback Functions
"dowantarray" , "leave_scope" , "magic_freedestruct" ,
"mortal_svfunc_x" , "pop_scope" , "push_scope" , "save_adelete" ,
"save_freercpv" , "save_generic_pvref" , "save_generic_svref" ,
"save_hdelete" , "save_hints" , "save_op" ,
"save_padsv_and_mortalize" , "save_pushptr" , "save_rcpv" ,
"save_scalar_at" , "save_set_svflags" , "save_shared_pvref" ,
"save_vptr"
Casting
Character case changing
Character classification
Compiler and Preprocessor information
Compiler directives
Compile-time scope hooks
"BhkENTRY" , "BhkFLAGS" , "CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS"
Concurrency
"CVf_SLABBED", "CvROOT", "CvSTART", "CX_CUR", "CXINC",
"CX_LEAVE_SCOPE", "CX_POP", "cxstack", "cxstack_ix", "CXt_BLOCK",
"CXt_EVAL", "CXt_FORMAT", "CXt_GIVEN", "CXt_LOOP_ARY",
"CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV", "CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV", "CXt_LOOP_LIST",
"CXt_LOOP_PLAIN", "CXt_NULL", "CXt_SUB", "CXt_SUBST", "CXt_WHEN",
"cx_type", "dounwind", "my_fork" , "PERL_CONTEXT"
COPs and Hint Hashes
Custom Operators
"core_prototype"
CV Handling
"CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV" , "CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_off" ,
"CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_on" , "CvWEAKOUTSIDE" , "docatch"
Debugging
"comma_aDEPTH" , "comma_pDEPTH" , "debop" , "debprof" ,
"debprofdump" , "debug_aDEPTH" , "debug_pDEPTH" , "free_c_backtrace"
, "get_c_backtrace" , "PL_DBsingle" , "PL_DBsub" , "PL_DBtrace" ,
"runops_debug", "runops_standard"
Display functions
"sv_peek"
Embedding, Threads, and Interpreter Cloning
"cv_dump" , "cv_forget_slab" , "do_dump_pad" , "get_context" ,
"pad_alloc_name" , "pad_block_start" , "pad_check_dup" ,
"pad_findlex" , "pad_fixup_inner_anons" , "pad_free" , "pad_leavemy"
, "padlist_dup" , "padname_dup" , "padnamelist_dup" , "pad_push" ,
"pad_reset" , "pad_setsv" , "pad_sv" , "pad_swipe" , "set_context" ,
"si_dup" , "ss_dup"
Errno
"dSAVEDERRNO" , "dSAVE_ERRNO" , "RESTORE_ERRNO" , "SAVE_ERRNO" ,
"SETERRNO"
Exception Handling (simple) Macros
Filesystem configuration values
Floating point
General Configuration
Global Variables
GV Handling and Stashes
"amagic_applies" , "gp_dup" , "gv_handler" , "gv_stashsvpvn_cached"
, "gv_try_downgrade"
Hook manipulation
HV Handling
"hv_eiter_p" , "hv_eiter_set" , "hv_ename_add" , "hv_ename_delete" ,
"hv_fill" , "hv_placeholders_get" , "hv_placeholders_set" ,
"hv_riter_p" , "hv_riter_set" , "refcounted_he_chain_2hv" ,
"refcounted_he_fetch_pv" , "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn" ,
"refcounted_he_fetch_pvs" , "refcounted_he_fetch_sv" ,
"refcounted_he_free" , "refcounted_he_inc" , "refcounted_he_new_pv"
, "refcounted_he_new_pvn" , "refcounted_he_new_pvs" ,
"refcounted_he_new_sv" , "unsharepvn"
Input/Output
"dirp_dup" , "fp_dup" , "my_fflush_all" , "my_mkostemp" ,
"my_mkstemp" , "PL_last_in_gv" , "PL_ofsgv" , "PL_rs" , "start_glob"
Integer
I/O Formats
Lexer interface
"resume_compcv_and_save" , "resume_compcv_final" , "validate_proto"
Locales
Magic
"magic_clearhint" , "magic_clearhints" , "magic_methcall" ,
"magic_sethint" , "mg_dup" , "mg_localize"
Memory Management
"calloc" , "malloc" , "mfree" , "realloc"
MRO "mro_get_linear_isa_dfs" , "mro_isa_changed_in" ,
"mro_package_moved"
Multicall Functions
Numeric Functions
"isinfnansv"
Optrees
"newATTRSUB_x" , "newMYSUB" , "newXS_len_flags" , "op_refcnt_lock" ,
"op_refcnt_unlock" , "traverse_op_tree"
Pack and Unpack
Pad Data Structures
"CX_CURPAD_SAVE" , "CX_CURPAD_SV" , "PAD_BASE_SV" , "PAD_CLONE_VARS"
, "PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS" , "PAD_COMPNAME_GEN" , "PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set"
, "PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH" , "PAD_COMPNAME_PV" , "PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE"
, "PadnameIsFIELD" , "PadnameIsOUR" , "PadnameIsSTATE" ,
"PadnameOURSTASH" , "PadnameOUTER" , "PadnameTYPE" ,
"PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL" , "PAD_SAVE_LOCAL" , "PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD" ,
"PAD_SET_CUR" , "PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE" , "PAD_SETSV" , "PAD_SV" ,
"PAD_SVl" , "SAVECLEARSV" , "SAVECOMPPAD" , "SAVEPADSV"
Password and Group access
Paths to system commands
Prototype information
Reference-counted stack manipulation
REGEXP Functions
"regnode"
Reports and Formats
Signals
Site configuration
Sockets configuration values
Source Filters
Stack Manipulation Macros
"djSP" , "LVRET" , "save_alloc"
String Handling
"delimcpy_no_escape" , "my_cxt_init" , "quadmath_format_needed" ,
"quadmath_format_valid"
SV Flags
"SVt_INVLIST"
SV Handling
"PL_Sv" , "sv_add_arena" , "sv_2bool" , "sv_2bool_flags" ,
"sv_clean_all" , "sv_clean_objs" , "sv_free_arenas" , "sv_grow" ,
"sv_grow_fresh" , "sv_newref" , "sv_2num" , "sv_pv" , "sv_pvbyte" ,
"sv_pvbyten_force" , "sv_2pvbyte_nolen" , "sv_pvn_force" ,
"sv_2pv_nolen" , "sv_pvutf8n_force" , "sv_2pvutf8_nolen" ,
"sv_pvutf8" , "sv_tainted" , "SvTHINKFIRST" , "sv_true" ,
"sv_untaint"
Tainting
"sv_taint" , "TAINT" , "TAINT_ENV" , "taint_env" , "TAINT_get" ,
"TAINT_IF" , "TAINTING_get" , "TAINTING_set" , "TAINT_NOT" ,
"TAINT_PROPER" , "taint_proper" , "TAINT_set" , "TAINT_WARN_get" ,
"TAINT_WARN_set"
Time
Typedef names
Unicode Support
"bytes_from_utf8_loc" , "find_uninit_var" , "isSCRIPT_RUN" ,
"is_utf8_non_invariant_string" , "utf8n_to_uvuni" , "utf8_to_uvuni"
, "uvoffuni_to_utf8_flags" , "valid_utf8_to_uvchr" ,
"variant_under_utf8_count"
Utility Functions
"my_popen_list" , "my_socketpair"
Versioning
Warning and Dieing
"deprecate" , "deprecate_disappears_in" , "deprecate_fatal_in" ,
"PL_dowarn" , "report_uninit"
XS
Undocumented elements
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History and Background
Basic Structure
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action
Per-instance flag bits
PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD,
PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND,
PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF,
PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN,
PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
Methods in Detail
fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW,
PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed,
Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek,
Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf,
Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt
Utilities
Implementing PerlIO Layers
C implementations, Perl implementations
Core Layers
"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw",
"utf8"
Extension Layers
":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
TODO
perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(),
PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode),
PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...),
PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...),
PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_fill(f),
PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c),
PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_unread(f,buf,count), PerlIO_getc(f),
PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f),
PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence),
PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p),
PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)
Co-existence with stdio
PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode),
PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)
"Fast gets" Functions
PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f),
PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c),
PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f),
PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)
Other Functions
PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_
f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write,
PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
perlhack - How to hack on Perl
DESCRIPTION
SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE
Check out the source repository, Ensure you're following the latest
advice, Create a branch for your change, Make your change, Test your
change, Commit your change, Send your change to the Perl issue
tracker, Thank you, Acknowledgement, Next time
BUG REPORTING
PERL 5 PORTERS
perl-changes mailing list
#p5p on IRC
GETTING THE PERL SOURCE
Read access via Git
Read access via the web
Write access via git
PATCHING PERL
Submitting patches
Getting your patch accepted
Why, What, How
Patching a core module
Updating perldelta
What makes for a good patch?
TESTING
t/base, t/comp and t/opbasic, All other subdirectories of t/, Test
files not found under t/
Special "make test" targets
test_porting, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind,
test_harness, test-notty test_notty
Parallel tests
Running tests by hand
Using t/harness for testing
-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST,
PERL_TEST_Net_Ping, PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS,
PERL_TEST_MEMORY
Performance testing
Building perl at older commits
MORE READING FOR GUTS HACKERS
perlsource, perlinterp, perlhacktut, perlhacktips, perlguts,
perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod
CPAN TESTERS AND PERL SMOKERS
WHAT NEXT?
"The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began."
Metaphoric Quotations
AUTHOR
perlsource - A guide to the Perl source tree
DESCRIPTION
FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND
C code
Core modules
lib/, ext/, dist/, cpan/
Tests
Module tests, t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/mro/, t/op/,
t/opbasic/, t/re/, t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/porting/, t/lib/
Documentation
Hacking tools and documentation
check*, Maintainers, Maintainers.pl, and Maintainers.pm, podtidy
Build system
AUTHORS
MANIFEST
perlinterp - An overview of the Perl interpreter
DESCRIPTION
ELEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETER
Startup
Parsing
Optimization
Running
Exception handing
level 2: perl-level exit() and internals my_exit(), level 3:
perl-level die() and internals croak(), level 1: unused, level
0: normal return
INTERNAL VARIABLE TYPES
OP TREES
STACKS
Argument stack
Mark stack
Save stack
MILLIONS OF MACROS
FURTHER READING
perlhacktut - Walk through the creation of a simple C code patch
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE PATCH
Writing the patch
Testing the patch
Documenting the patch
Submit
AUTHOR
perlhacktips - Tips for Perl core C code hacking
DESCRIPTION
COMMON PROBLEMS
Perl environment problems
C99 AIX, HP/UX, Solaris
Symbol Names and Namespace Pollution
Don't begin a symbol name with an underscore; (e.g., don't use:
"_FOOBAR"), Don't use two consecutive underscores in a symbol
name; (e.g., don't use "FOO__BAR")
Writing safer macros
Portability problems
Problematic System Interfaces
Security problems
DEBUGGING
Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger
run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next,
continue, finish, 'enter', ptype, print
gdb macro support
Dumping Perl Data Structures
Using gdb to look at specific parts of a program
Using gdb to look at what the parser/lexer are doing
SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
lint
Coverity
HP-UX cadvise (Code Advisor)
cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
gcc warnings
Warnings of other C compilers
MEMORY DEBUGGERS
valgrind
AddressSanitizer
-Dcc=clang, -Accflags=-fsanitize=address,
-Aldflags=-fsanitize=address, -Alddlflags=-shared\
-fsanitize=address, -fsanitize-blacklist=`pwd`/asan_ignore
Dr Memory
PROFILING
Gprof Profiling
-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
GCC gcov Profiling
callgrind profiling
--threshold, --auto
"profiler" profiling (Cygwin)
Visual Studio Profiling
MISCELLANEOUS TRICKS
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
Leaked SV spotting: sv_mark_arenas() and sv_sweep_arenas()
PERL_MEM_LOG
DDD over gdb
C backtrace
Linux, OS X, get_c_backtrace, free_c_backtrace,
get_c_backtrace_dump, dump_c_backtrace
Poison
Read-only optrees
When is a bool not a bool?
Finding unsafe truncations
The .i Targets
AUTHOR
perlpolicy - Various and sundry policies and commitments related to the Perl
core
DESCRIPTION
GOVERNANCE
Perl 5 Porters
MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT
BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY AND DEPRECATION
Terminology
experimental, deprecated, discouraged, removed
MAINTENANCE BRANCHES
Getting changes into a maint branch
CONTRIBUTED MODULES
A Social Contract about Artistic Control
DOCUMENTATION
STANDARDS OF CONDUCT
CREDITS
perlgov - Perl Rules of Governance
PREAMBLE
Mandate
Definitions
"Core Team", "Steering Council", "Vote Administrator"
The Core Team
The Steering Council
The Vote Administrator
Steering Council and Core Team Members
Steering Council Members
Graham Knop, Paul Evans, Philippe Bruhat
Core Team Members
Active Members
Chad Granum <exodist7@gmail.com>, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams
<chris@bingosnet.co.uk>, Craig Berry <craigberry@mac.com>,
Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>, David Mitchell
<davem@iabyn.com>, Graham Knop <haarg@haarg.org>, H. Merijn
Brand <perl5@tux.freedom.nl>, Hugo van der Sanden
<hv@crypt.org>, James E Keenan <jkeenan@cpan.org>, Karen
Etheridge <ether@cpan.org>, Karl Williamson <khw@cpan.org>, Leon
Timmermans <fawaka@gmail.com>, Matthew Horsfall
<wolfsage@gmail.com>, Max Maischein <cpan@corion.net>, Neil
Bowers <neilb@neilb.org>, Nicholas Clark <nick@ccl4.org>,
Nicolas R <atoomic@cpan.org>, Paul "LeoNerd" Evans
<leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>, Philippe "BooK" Bruhat
<book@cpan.org>, Ricardo Signes <rjbs@semiotic.systems>, Steve
Hay <steve.m.hay@googlemail.com>, Stuart Mackintosh
<stuart@perlfoundation.org>, Todd Rinaldo <toddr@cpanel.net>,
Tony Cook <tony@develop-help.com>, Yves Orton
<demerphq@gmail.com>
Inactive Members
Abhijit Menon-Sen <ams@toroid.org>, Andy Dougherty
<doughera@lafayette.edu>, David Golden <xdg@xdg.me>, Jan Dubois
<jan@jandubois.com>, Jason McIntosh <jmac@jmac.org>, Jesse
Vincent <jesse@fsck.com>
perlgit - Detailed information about git and the Perl repository
DESCRIPTION
CLONING THE REPOSITORY
WORKING WITH THE REPOSITORY
Finding out your status
Patch workflow
A note on derived files
Cleaning a working directory
Bisecting
Topic branches and rewriting history
Grafts
WRITE ACCESS TO THE GIT REPOSITORY
Working with Github pull requests
Accepting a patch
Committing to blead
On merging and rebasing
Committing to maintenance versions
Using a smoke-me branch to test changes
perlhist - the Perl history records
DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
PUMPKIN?
THE RECORDS
SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES
THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
perldelta - what is new for perl v5.40.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5401delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.40.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5400delta - what is new for perl v5.40.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New "__CLASS__" Keyword
":reader" attribute for field variables
Permit a space in "-M" command-line option
Restrictions to "use VERSION" declarations
New "builtin::inf" and "builtin::nan" functions (experimental)
New "^^" logical xor operator
"try"/"catch" feature is no longer experimental
"for" iterating over multiple values at a time is no longer
experimental
"builtin" module is no longer experimental
The ":5.40" feature bundle adds "try"
"use v5.40;" imports builtin functions
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Incompatible Changes
reset EXPR now calls set-magic on scalars
Calling the import method of an unknown package produces a warning
"return" no longer allows an indirect object
Class barewords no longer resolved as file handles in method calls
under "no feature "bareword_filehandles""
Deprecations
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Serenity OS
Platform-Specific Notes
Windows, Linux, MacOS/Darwin, VMS, Oracle Developer Studio
(Solaris, Oracle Linux)
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
perlivp is missing streamzip on Windows
Errata From Previous Releases
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5382delta - what is new for perl v5.38.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5381delta - what is new for perl v5.38.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5380delta - what is new for perl v5.38.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New "class" Feature
Unicode 15.0 is supported
Deprecation warnings now have specific subcategories
%{^HOOK} API introduced
PERL_RAND_SEED
Defined-or and logical-or assignment default expressions in
signatures
@INC Hook Enhancements and $INC and INCDIR
Forbidden control flow out of "defer" or "finally" now detected at
compile-time
Optimistic Eval in Patterns
REG_INF has been raised from 65,536 to 2,147,483,647
New API functions optimize_optree and finalize_optree
Some "goto"s are now permitted in "defer" and "finally" blocks
New regexp variable ${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}
Locale category LC_NAME now supported on participating platforms
Incompatible Changes
readline() no longer clears the stream error and eof flags
"INIT" blocks no longer run after an exit() in "BEGIN"
Syntax errors no longer produce "phantom error messages"
utf8::upgrade()
Changes to "thread-safe" locales
Deprecations
Use of "'" as a package name separator is deprecated
Switch and Smart Match operator
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
Ultrix
Platform-Specific Notes
DragonflyBSD, FreeBSD, Solaris, Synology, Windows
Internal Changes
"newSVbool(const bool bool_val)", newSV_true(), newSV_false(),
"sv_set_true(SV *sv)", "sv_set_false(SV *sv)", "sv_set_bool(SV *sv,
const bool bool_val)", SvIandPOK(sv), SvIandPOK_off(sv),
"SvIandPOK_on", I32df -- Like %d, U32of -- Like %o, U32uf -- Like
%u, U32xf -- Like %x, U32Xf -- Like %X
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5363delta - what is new for perl v5.36.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5362delta - what is new for perl v5.36.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5361delta - what is new for perl v5.36.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5360delta - what is new for perl v5.36.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
"use v5.36"
-g command-line flag
Unicode 14.0 is supported
regex sets are no longer considered experimental
Variable length lookbehind is mostly no longer considered
experimental
SIGFPE no longer deferred
Stable boolean tracking
iterating over multiple values at a time (experimental)
builtin functions (experimental)
builtin::trim, builtin::indexed, builtin::true, builtin::false,
builtin::is_bool, builtin::weaken, builtin::unweaken,
builtin::is_weak, builtin::blessed, builtin::refaddr,
builtin::reftype, builtin::ceil, builtin::floor
"defer" blocks (experimental)
try/catch can now have a "finally" block (experimental)
non-ASCII delimiters for quote-like operators (experimental)
@_ is now experimental within signatured subs
Incompatible Changes
A physically empty sort is now a compile-time error
Deprecations
"use VERSION" (where VERSION is below v5.11) after "use v5.11" is
deprecated
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Windows
VMS "keys %ENV" on VMS returns consistent results
Discontinued Platforms
AT&T UWIN, DOS/DJGPP, NetWare
Platform-Specific Notes
z/OS
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Errata From Previous Releases
Obituaries
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5343delta - what is new for perl v5.34.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5342delta - what is new for perl v5.34.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
CVE-2023-47038 - Write past buffer end via illegal user-defined
Unicode property
CVE-2023-47039 - Perl for Windows binary hijacking vulnerability
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5341delta - what is new for perl v5.34.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Platform-Specific Notes
Windows
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5340delta - what is new for perl v5.34.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Experimental Try/Catch Syntax
"qr/{,n}/" is now accepted
Blanks freely allowed within but adjacent to curly braces
New octal syntax "0oddddd"
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
perl5db.pl (the debugger)
New option: "HistItemMinLength", Fix to "i" and "l" commands
Configuration and Compilation
stadtx hash support has been removed, Configure,
"-Dusedefaultstrict"
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
9front
Updated Platforms
Plan9, MacOS (Darwin)
Discontinued Platforms
Symbian
Platform-Specific Notes
DragonFlyBSD, Mac OS X, Windows, z/OS
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
pack/unpack format 'D' now works on all systems that could support
it
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5321delta - what is new for perl v5.32.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
MacOS (Darwin), Minix
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5320delta - what is new for perl v5.32.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
The isa Operator
Unicode 13.0 is supported
Chained comparisons capability
New Unicode properties "Identifier_Status" and "Identifier_Type"
supported
It is now possible to write "qr/\p{Name=...}/", or
"qr!\p{na=/(SMILING|GRINNING) FACE/}!"
Improvement of POSIX::mblen(), "mbtowc", and "wctomb"
Alpha assertions are no longer experimental
Script runs are no longer experimental
Feature checks are now faster
Perl is now developed on GitHub
Compiled patterns can now be dumped before optimization
Security
[CVE-2020-10543] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
[CVE-2020-10878] Integer overflow via malformed bytecode produced by
a crafted regular expression
[CVE-2020-12723] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
Additional Note
Incompatible Changes
Certain pattern matching features are now prohibited in compiling
Unicode property value wildcard subpatterns
Unused functions "POSIX::mbstowcs" and "POSIX::wcstombs" are removed
A bug fix for "(?[...])" may have caused some patterns to no longer
compile
"\p{user-defined}" properties now always override official Unicode
ones
Modifiable variables are no longer permitted in constants
Use of "vec" on strings with code points above 0xFF is forbidden
Use of code points over 0xFF in string bitwise operators
Sys::Hostname::hostname() does not accept arguments
Plain "0" string now treated as a number for range operator
"\K" now disallowed in look-ahead and look-behind assertions
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
"caller", "__FILE__", "__LINE__", "return", "open"
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
perlbug
The bug tracker homepage URL now points to GitHub
streamzip
Configuration and Compilation
Configure
Testing
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
Windows CE
Platform-Specific Notes
Linux, NetBSD 8.0, Windows, Solaris, VMS, z/OS
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5303delta - what is new for perl v5.30.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2020-10543] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
[CVE-2020-10878] Integer overflow via malformed bytecode produced by
a crafted regular expression
[CVE-2020-12723] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
Additional Note
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5302delta - what is new for perl v5.30.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Windows
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5301delta - what is new for perl v5.30.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5300delta - what is new for perl v5.30.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
Limited variable length lookbehind in regular expression pattern
matching is now experimentally supported
The upper limit "n" specifiable in a regular expression quantifier
of the form "{m,n}" has been doubled to 65534
Unicode 12.1 is supported
Wildcards in Unicode property value specifications are now partially
supported
qr'\N{name}' is now supported
Turkic UTF-8 locales are now seamlessly supported
It is now possible to compile perl to always use thread-safe locale
operations
Eliminate opASSIGN macro usage from core
"-Drv" now means something on "-DDEBUGGING" builds
Incompatible Changes
Assigning non-zero to $[ is fatal
Delimiters must now be graphemes
Some formerly deprecated uses of an unescaped left brace "{" in
regular expression patterns are now illegal
Previously deprecated sysread()/syswrite() on :utf8 handles is now
fatal
my() in false conditional prohibited
Fatalize $* and $#
Fatalize unqualified use of dump()
Remove File::Glob::glob()
pack() no longer can return malformed UTF-8
Any set of digits in the Common script are legal in a script run of
another script
JSON::PP enables allow_nonref by default
Deprecations
In XS code, use of various macros dealing with UTF-8
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
xsubpp
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
HP-UX 11.11, Mac OS X, Minix3, Cygwin, Win32 Mingw, Windows
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5283delta - what is new for perl v5.28.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2020-10543] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
[CVE-2020-10878] Integer overflow via malformed bytecode produced by
a crafted regular expression
[CVE-2020-12723] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular
expression
Additional Note
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5282delta - what is new for perl v5.28.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Any set of digits in the Common script are legal in a script run of
another script
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Windows, Mac OS X
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5281delta - what is new for perl v5.28.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2018-18311] Integer overflow leading to buffer overflow and
segmentation fault
[CVE-2018-18312] Heap-buffer-overflow write in S_regatom (regcomp.c)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5280delta - what is new for perl v5.28.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Unicode 10.0 is supported
"delete" on key/value hash slices
Experimentally, there are now alphabetic synonyms for some regular
expression assertions
Mixed Unicode scripts are now detectable
In-place editing with "perl -i" is now safer
Initialisation of aggregate state variables
Full-size inode numbers
The "sprintf" %j format size modifier is now available with pre-C99
compilers
Close-on-exec flag set atomically
String- and number-specific bitwise ops are no longer experimental
Locales are now thread-safe on systems that support them
New read-only predefined variable "${^SAFE_LOCALES}"
Security
[CVE-2017-12837] Heap buffer overflow in regular expression compiler
[CVE-2017-12883] Buffer over-read in regular expression parser
[CVE-2017-12814] $ENV{$key} stack buffer overflow on Windows
Default Hash Function Change
Incompatible Changes
Subroutine attribute and signature order
Comma-less variable lists in formats are no longer allowed
The ":locked" and ":unique" attributes have been removed
"\N{}" with nothing between the braces is now illegal
Opening the same symbol as both a file and directory handle is no
longer allowed
Use of bare "<<" to mean "<<""" is no longer allowed
Setting $/ to a reference to a non-positive integer no longer
allowed
Unicode code points with values exceeding "IV_MAX" are now fatal
The "B::OP::terse" method has been removed
Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods is no longer allowed
Use of strings with code points over 0xFF is not allowed for bitwise
string operators
Setting "${^ENCODING}" to a defined value is now illegal
Backslash no longer escapes colon in PATH for the "-S" switch
the -DH (DEBUG_H) misfeature has been removed
Yada-yada is now strictly a statement
Sort algorithm can no longer be specified
Over-radix digits in floating point literals
Return type of unpackstring()
Deprecations
Use of "vec" on strings with code points above 0xFF is deprecated
Some uses of unescaped "{" in regexes are no longer fatal
Use of unescaped "{" immediately after a "(" in regular expression
patterns is deprecated
Assignment to $[ will be fatal in Perl 5.30
hostname() won't accept arguments in Perl 5.32
Module removals
B::Debug, Locale::Codes and its associated Country, Currency and
Language modules
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Removal of use vars
Use of DynaLoader changed to XSLoader in many modules
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
"Variable length lookbehind not implemented in regex m/%s/" in
perldiag, "Use of state $_ is experimental" in perldiag
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
perlbug
Configuration and Compilation
C89 requirement, New probes, HAS_BUILTIN_ADD_OVERFLOW,
HAS_BUILTIN_MUL_OVERFLOW, HAS_BUILTIN_SUB_OVERFLOW,
HAS_THREAD_SAFE_NL_LANGINFO_L, HAS_LOCALECONV_L, HAS_MBRLEN,
HAS_MBRTOWC, HAS_MEMRCHR, HAS_NANOSLEEP, HAS_STRNLEN, HAS_STRTOLD_L,
I_WCHAR
Testing
Packaging
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
PowerUX / Power MAX OS
Platform-Specific Notes
CentOS, Cygwin, Darwin, FreeBSD, VMS, Windows
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5263delta - what is new for perl v5.26.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2018-12015] Directory traversal in module Archive::Tar
[CVE-2018-18311] Integer overflow leading to buffer overflow and
segmentation fault
[CVE-2018-18312] Heap-buffer-overflow write in S_regatom (regcomp.c)
[CVE-2018-18313] Heap-buffer-overflow read in S_grok_bslash_N
(regcomp.c)
[CVE-2018-18314] Heap-buffer-overflow write in S_regatom (regcomp.c)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5262delta - what is new for perl v5.26.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2018-6797] heap-buffer-overflow (WRITE of size 1) in S_regatom
(regcomp.c)
[CVE-2018-6798] Heap-buffer-overflow in Perl__byte_dump_string
(utf8.c)
[CVE-2018-6913] heap-buffer-overflow in S_pack_rec
Assertion failure in Perl__core_swash_init (utf8.c)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Windows
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5261delta - what is new for perl v5.26.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2017-12837] Heap buffer overflow in regular expression compiler
[CVE-2017-12883] Buffer over-read in regular expression parser
[CVE-2017-12814] $ENV{$key} stack buffer overflow on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
FreeBSD, Windows
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5260delta - what is new for perl v5.26.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
"." no longer in @INC, "do" may now warn, In regular expression
patterns, a literal left brace "{" should be escaped
Core Enhancements
Lexical subroutines are no longer experimental
Indented Here-documents
New regular expression modifier "/xx"
"@{^CAPTURE}", "%{^CAPTURE}", and "%{^CAPTURE_ALL}"
Declaring a reference to a variable
Unicode 9.0 is now supported
Use of "\p{script}" uses the improved Script_Extensions property
Perl can now do default collation in UTF-8 locales on platforms that
support it
Better locale collation of strings containing embedded "NUL"
characters
"CORE" subroutines for hash and array functions callable via
reference
New Hash Function For 64-bit Builds
Security
Removal of the current directory (".") from @INC
Configure -Udefault_inc_excludes_dot, "PERL_USE_UNSAFE_INC", A
new deprecation warning issued by "do", Script authors,
Installing and using CPAN modules, Module Authors
Escaped colons and relative paths in PATH
New "-Di" switch is now required for PerlIO debugging output
Incompatible Changes
Unescaped literal "{" characters in regular expression patterns are
no longer permissible
scalar(%hash) return signature changed
"keys" returned from an lvalue subroutine
The "${^ENCODING}" facility has been removed
POSIX::tmpnam() has been removed
require ::Foo::Bar is now illegal
Literal control character variable names are no longer permissible
"NBSP" is no longer permissible in "\N{...}"
Deprecations
String delimiters that aren't stand-alone graphemes are now
deprecated
"\cX" that maps to a printable is no longer deprecated
Performance Enhancements
New Faster Hash Function on 64 bit builds, readline is faster
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
c2ph and pstruct
Porting/pod_lib.pl
Porting/sync-with-cpan
perf/benchmarks
Porting/checkAUTHORS.pl
t/porting/regen.t
utils/h2xs.PL
perlbug
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
NetBSD/VAX
Platform-Specific Notes
Darwin, EBCDIC, HP-UX, Hurd, VAX, VMS, Windows, Linux, OpenBSD
6, FreeBSD, DragonFly BSD
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
Give Thanks
SEE ALSO
perl5244delta - what is new for perl v5.24.4
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2018-6797] heap-buffer-overflow (WRITE of size 1) in S_regatom
(regcomp.c)
[CVE-2018-6798] Heap-buffer-overflow in Perl__byte_dump_string
(utf8.c)
[CVE-2018-6913] heap-buffer-overflow in S_pack_rec
Assertion failure in Perl__core_swash_init (utf8.c)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5243delta - what is new for perl v5.24.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
[CVE-2017-12837] Heap buffer overflow in regular expression compiler
[CVE-2017-12883] Buffer over-read in regular expression parser
[CVE-2017-12814] $ENV{$key} stack buffer overflow on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS, Windows
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5242delta - what is new for perl v5.24.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
Improved handling of '.' in @INC in base.pm
"Escaped" colons and relative paths in PATH
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5241delta - what is new for perl v5.24.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
-Di switch is now required for PerlIO debugging output
Core modules and tools no longer search "." for optional modules
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5240delta - what is new for perl v5.24.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Postfix dereferencing is no longer experimental
Unicode 8.0 is now supported
perl will now croak when closing an in-place output file fails
New "\b{lb}" boundary in regular expressions
"qr/(?[ ])/" now works in UTF-8 locales
Integer shift ("<<" and ">>") now more explicitly defined
printf and sprintf now allow reordered precision arguments
More fields provided to "sigaction" callback with "SA_SIGINFO"
Hashbang redirection to Perl 6
Security
Set proper umask before calling mkstemp(3)
Fix out of boundary access in Win32 path handling
Fix loss of taint in canonpath
Avoid accessing uninitialized memory in win32 crypt()
Remove duplicate environment variables from "environ"
Incompatible Changes
The "autoderef" feature has been removed
Lexical $_ has been removed
"qr/\b{wb}/" is now tailored to Perl expectations
Regular expression compilation errors
"qr/\N{}/" now disallowed under "use re "strict""
Nested declarations are now disallowed
The "/\C/" character class has been removed
chdir('') no longer chdirs home
ASCII characters in variable names must now be all visible
An off by one issue in $Carp::MaxArgNums has been fixed
Only blanks and tabs are now allowed within "[...]" within
"(?[...])"
Deprecations
Using code points above the platform's "IV_MAX" is now deprecated
Doing bitwise operations on strings containing code points above
0xFF is deprecated
sysread(), syswrite(), recv() and send() are deprecated on :utf8
handles
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AmigaOS, Cygwin, EBCDIC, UTF-EBCDIC extended, EBCDIC cmp() and
sort() fixed for UTF-EBCDIC strings, EBCDIC "tr///" and "y///"
fixed for "\N{}", and "use utf8" ranges, FreeBSD, IRIX, MacOS X,
Solaris, Tru64, VMS, Win32, ppc64el, floating point
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5224delta - what is new for perl v5.22.4
DESCRIPTION
Security
Improved handling of '.' in @INC in base.pm
"Escaped" colons and relative paths in PATH
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5223delta - what is new for perl v5.22.3
DESCRIPTION
Security
-Di switch is now required for PerlIO debugging output
Core modules and tools no longer search "." for optional modules
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5222delta - what is new for perl v5.22.2
DESCRIPTION
Security
Fix out of boundary access in Win32 path handling
Fix loss of taint in canonpath()
Set proper umask before calling mkstemp(3)
Avoid accessing uninitialized memory in Win32 crypt()
Remove duplicate environment variables from "environ"
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Darwin, OS X/Darwin, ppc64el, Tru64
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5221delta - what is new for perl v5.22.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Bounds Checking Constructs
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
IRIX
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5220delta - what is new for perl v5.22.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New bitwise operators
New double-diamond operator
New "\b" boundaries in regular expressions
Non-Capturing Regular Expression Flag
"use re 'strict'"
Unicode 7.0 (with correction) is now supported
"use locale" can restrict which locale categories are affected
Perl now supports POSIX 2008 locale currency additions
Better heuristics on older platforms for determining locale
UTF-8ness
Aliasing via reference
"prototype" with no arguments
New ":const" subroutine attribute
"fileno" now works on directory handles
List form of pipe open implemented for Win32
Assignment to list repetition
Infinity and NaN (not-a-number) handling improved
Floating point parsing has been improved
Packing infinity or not-a-number into a character is now fatal
Experimental C Backtrace API
Security
Perl is now compiled with "-fstack-protector-strong" if available
The Safe module could allow outside packages to be replaced
Perl is now always compiled with "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2" if available
Incompatible Changes
Subroutine signatures moved before attributes
"&" and "\&" prototypes accepts only subs
"use encoding" is now lexical
List slices returning empty lists
"\N{}" with a sequence of multiple spaces is now a fatal error
"use UNIVERSAL '...'" is now a fatal error
In double-quotish "\cX", X must now be a printable ASCII character
Splitting the tokens "(?" and "(*" in regular expressions is now a
fatal compilation error
"qr/foo/x" now ignores all Unicode pattern white space
Comment lines within "(?[ ])" are now ended only by a "\n"
"(?[...])" operators now follow standard Perl precedence
Omitting "%" and "@" on hash and array names is no longer permitted
"$!" text is now in English outside the scope of "use locale"
"$!" text will be returned in UTF-8 when appropriate
Support for "?PATTERN?" without explicit operator has been removed
defined(@array) and defined(%hash) are now fatal errors
Using a hash or an array as a reference are now fatal errors
Changes to the "*" prototype
Deprecations
Setting "${^ENCODING}" to anything but "undef"
Use of non-graphic characters in single-character variable names
Inlining of "sub () { $var }" with observable side-effects
Use of multiple "/x" regexp modifiers
Using a NO-BREAK space in a character alias for "\N{...}" is now
deprecated
A literal "{" should now be escaped in a pattern
Making all warnings fatal is discouraged
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Diagnostic Removals
Utility Changes
find2perl, s2p and a2p removal
h2ph
encguess
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
IRIX and Tru64 platforms are working again, z/OS running EBCDIC
Code Page 1047
Discontinued Platforms
NeXTSTEP/OPENSTEP
Platform-Specific Notes
EBCDIC, HP-UX, Android, VMS, Win32, OpenBSD, Solaris
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5203delta - what is new for perl v5.20.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Utility Changes
h2ph
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5202delta - what is new for perl v5.20.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5201delta - what is new for perl v5.20.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Android, OpenBSD, Solaris, VMS, Windows
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5200delta - what is new for perl v5.20.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Experimental Subroutine signatures
"sub"s now take a "prototype" attribute
More consistent prototype parsing
"rand" now uses a consistent random number generator
New slice syntax
Experimental Postfix Dereferencing
Unicode 6.3 now supported
New "\p{Unicode}" regular expression pattern property
Better 64-bit support
"use locale" now works on UTF-8 locales
"use locale" now compiles on systems without locale ability
More locale initialization fallback options
"-DL" runtime option now added for tracing locale setting
-F now implies -a and -a implies -n
$a and $b warnings exemption
Security
Avoid possible read of free()d memory during parsing
Incompatible Changes
"do" can no longer be used to call subroutines
Quote-like escape changes
Tainting happens under more circumstances; now conforms to
documentation
"\p{}", "\P{}" matching has changed for non-Unicode code points.
"\p{All}" has been expanded to match all possible code points
Data::Dumper's output may change
Locale decimal point character no longer leaks outside of
"use locale" scope
Assignments of Windows sockets error codes to $! now prefer errno.h
values over WSAGetLastError() values
Functions "PerlIO_vsprintf" and "PerlIO_sprintf" have been removed
Deprecations
The "/\C/" character class
Literal control characters in variable names
References to non-integers and non-positive integers in $/
Character matching routines in POSIX
Interpreter-based threads are now discouraged
Module removals
CGI and its associated CGI:: packages, inc::latest,
Package::Constants, Module::Build and its associated
Module::Build:: packages
Utility removals
find2perl, s2p, a2p
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Android, Bitrig, FreeMiNT, Synology
Discontinued Platforms
"sfio", AT&T 3b1, DG/UX, EBCDIC
Platform-Specific Notes
Cygwin, GNU/Hurd, Linux, Mac OS, MidnightBSD, Mixed-endian
platforms, VMS, Win32, WinCE
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Regular Expressions
Perl 5 Debugger and -d
Lexical Subroutines
Everything Else
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5184delta - what is new for perl v5.18.4
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5182delta - what is new for perl v5.18.2
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5181delta - what is new for perl v5.18.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX, MidnightBSD
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5180delta - what is new for perl v5.18.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New mechanism for experimental features
Hash overhaul
Upgrade to Unicode 6.2
Character name aliases may now include non-Latin1-range characters
New DTrace probes
"${^LAST_FH}"
Regular Expression Set Operations
Lexical subroutines
Computed Labels
More CORE:: subs
"kill" with negative signal names
Security
See also: hash overhaul
"Storable" security warning in documentation
"Locale::Maketext" allowed code injection via a malicious template
Avoid calling memset with a negative count
Incompatible Changes
See also: hash overhaul
An unknown character name in "\N{...}" is now a syntax error
Formerly deprecated characters in "\N{}" character name aliases are
now errors
"\N{BELL}" now refers to U+1F514 instead of U+0007
New Restrictions in Multi-Character Case-Insensitive Matching in
Regular Expression Bracketed Character Classes
Explicit rules for variable names and identifiers
Vertical tabs are now whitespace
"/(?{})/" and "/(??{})/" have been heavily reworked
Stricter parsing of substitution replacement
"given" now aliases the global $_
The smartmatch family of features are now experimental
Lexical $_ is now experimental
readline() with "$/ = \N" now reads N characters, not N bytes
Overridden "glob" is now passed one argument
Here doc parsing
Alphanumeric operators must now be separated from the closing
delimiter of regular expressions
qw(...) can no longer be used as parentheses
Interaction of lexical and default warnings
"state sub" and "our sub"
Defined values stored in environment are forced to byte strings
"require" dies for unreadable files
"gv_fetchmeth_*" and SUPER
"split"'s first argument is more consistently interpreted
Deprecations
Module removals
encoding, Archive::Extract, B::Lint, B::Lint::Debug, CPANPLUS
and all included "CPANPLUS::*" modules, Devel::InnerPackage,
Log::Message, Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers,
Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Simple, Module::Pluggable,
Module::Pluggable::Object, Object::Accessor, Pod::LaTeX,
Term::UI, Term::UI::History
Deprecated Utilities
cpanp, "cpanp-run-perl", cpan2dist, pod2latex
PL_sv_objcount
Five additional characters should be escaped in patterns with "/x"
User-defined charnames with surprising whitespace
Various XS-callable functions are now deprecated
Certain rare uses of backslashes within regexes are now deprecated
Splitting the tokens "(?" and "(*" in regular expressions
Pre-PerlIO IO implementations
Future Deprecations
DG/UX, NeXT
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
BeOS, UTS Global, VM/ESA, MPE/IX, EPOC, Rhapsody
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5163delta - what is new for perl v5.16.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
wrap-around with IO on long strings
memory leak in Encode
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5162delta - what is new for perl v5.16.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
configuration should no longer be confused by ls colorization
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX
Selected Bug Fixes
fix /\h/ equivalence with /[\h]/
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5161delta - what is new for perl v5.16.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
an off-by-two error in Scalar-List-Util has been fixed
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5160delta - what is new for perl v5.16.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
"use VERSION"
"__SUB__"
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The "CORE" Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use is_utf8_char_buf() and not is_utf8_char()
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end of
the buffer
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728)
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions is_utf8_char(), utf8_to_uvchr() and utf8_to_uvuni()
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The "overloading" pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by
default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides xfork(), xclose_on_exec() and
xpipe_anon()
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and getppid() no longer emulate POSIX semantics under
LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by "quotemeta" and "\Q" has
changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules
Version::Requirements
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and "stat"
Formats
"given" and "when"
The "glob" operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The "sort" operator
The "substr" operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5144delta - what is new for perl v5.14.4
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
memory leak in Encode
[perl #111594] Socket::unpack_sockaddr_un heap-buffer-overflow
[perl #111586] SDBM_File: fix off-by-one access to global ".dir"
off-by-two error in List::Util
[perl #115994] fix segv in regcomp.c:S_join_exact()
[perl #115992] PL_eval_start use-after-free
wrap-around with IO on long strings
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Socket, SDBM_File, List::Util
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5143delta - what is new for perl v5.14.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
"Digest" unsafe use of eval (CVE-2011-3597)
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
FreeBSD, Solaris and NetBSD, HP-UX, Linux, Mac OS X, GNU/Hurd,
NetBSD
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5142delta - what is new for perl v5.14.2
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728)
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
HP-UX PA-RISC/64 now supports gcc-4.x, Building on OS X 10.7
Lion and Xcode 4 works again
Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5141delta - what is new for perl v5.14.1
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5140delta - what is new for perl v5.14.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
Unicode
Regular Expressions
Syntactical Enhancements
Exception Handling
Other Enhancements
"-d:-foo", "-d:-foo=bar"
New C APIs
Security
User-defined regular expression properties
Incompatible Changes
Regular Expressions and String Escapes
Stashes and Package Variables
Changes to Syntax or to Perl Operators
Threads and Processes
Configuration
Deprecations
Omitting a space between a regular expression and subsequent word
"\cX"
"\b{" and "\B{"
Perl 4-era .pl libraries
List assignment to $[
Use of qw(...) as parentheses
"\N{BELL}"
"?PATTERN?"
Tie functions on scalars holding typeglobs
User-defined case-mapping
Deprecated modules
Devel::DProf
Performance Enhancements
"Safe signals" optimisation
Optimisation of shift() and pop() calls without arguments
Optimisation of regexp engine string comparison work
Regular expression compilation speed-up
String appending is 100 times faster
Eliminate "PL_*" accessor functions under ithreads
Freeing weak references
Lexical array and hash assignments
@_ uses less memory
Size optimisations to SV and HV structures
Memory consumption improvements to Exporter
Memory savings for weak references
"%+" and "%-" use less memory
Multiple small improvements to threads
Adjacent pairs of nextstate opcodes are now optimized away
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragma
much less configuration dialog hassle, support for
META/MYMETA.json, support for local::lib, support for HTTP::Tiny
to reduce the dependency on FTP sites, automatic mirror
selection, iron out all known bugs in configure_requires,
support for distributions compressed with bzip2(1), allow
Foo/Bar.pm on the command line to mean "Foo::Bar", charinfo(),
charscript(), charblock()
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Closure prototype called, Insecure user-defined property %s,
panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - something is
repeatedly re-creating entries, Parsing code internal error
(%s), refcnt: fd %d%s, Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear
twice, Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive,
Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense, "\b{" is deprecated; use
"\b\{" instead, "\B{" is deprecated; use "\B\{" instead,
Operation "%s" returns its argument for .., Use of qw(...) as
parentheses is deprecated
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
AIX
Discontinued Platforms
Apollo DomainOS, MacOS Classic
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
New APIs
C API Changes
Deprecated C APIs
"Perl_ptr_table_clear", "sv_compile_2op", "find_rundefsvoffset",
"CALL_FPTR" and "CPERLscope"
Other Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
I/O
Regular Expression Bug Fixes
Syntax/Parsing Bugs
Stashes, Globs and Method Lookup
Aliasing packages by assigning to globs [perl #77358], Deleting
packages by deleting their containing stash elements, Undefining
the glob containing a package ("undef *Foo::"), Undefining an
ISA glob ("undef *Foo::ISA"), Deleting an ISA stash element
("delete $Foo::{ISA}"), Sharing @ISA arrays between classes (via
"*Foo::ISA = \@Bar::ISA" or "*Foo::ISA = *Bar::ISA") [perl
#77238]
Unicode
Ties, Overloading and Other Magic
The Debugger
Threads
Scoping and Subroutines
Signals
Miscellaneous Memory Leaks
Memory Corruption and Crashes
Fixes to Various Perl Operators
Bugs Relating to the C API
Known Problems
Errata
keys(), values(), and each() work on arrays
split() and @_
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5125delta - what is new for perl v5.12.5
DESCRIPTION
Security
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC
(CVE-2011-2728)
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
perlebcdic
perlunicode
perluniprops
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform Specific Changes
Mac OS X, NetBSD
Selected Bug Fixes
Errata
split() and @_
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5124delta - what is new for perl v5.12.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Documentation
Platform Specific Notes
Linux
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5123delta - what is new for perl v5.12.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
"keys", "values" work on arrays
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
Solaris, VMS, VOS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5122delta - what is new for perl v5.12.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
"Carp", "CPANPLUS", "File::Glob", "File::Copy", "File::Spec"
Utility Changes
Changes to Existing Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
AIX
Windows
VMS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5121delta - what is new for perl v5.12.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Testing Improvements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
HP-UX
AIX
FreeBSD 7
VMS
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New "package NAME VERSION" syntax
The "..." operator
Implicit strictures
Unicode improvements
Y2038 compliance
qr overloading
Pluggable keywords
APIs for more internals
Overridable function lookup
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
"\N" experimental regex escape
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
"each", "keys", "values" are now more flexible
"when" as a statement modifier
$, flexibility
// in when clauses
Enabling warnings from your shell environment
"delete local"
New support for Abstract namespace sockets
32-bit limit on substr arguments removed
Potentially Incompatible Changes
Deprecations warn by default
Version number formats
@INC reorganization
REGEXPs are now first class
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other potentially incompatible changes
Deprecations
suidperl, Use of ":=" to mean an empty attribute list,
"UNIVERSAL->import()", Use of "goto" to jump into a construct,
Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look like names,
Deprecated Modules, Class::ISA, Pod::Plainer, Shell, Switch,
Assignment to $[, Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines, Use
of "locked" with the attributes pragma, Use of "unique" with the
attributes pragma, Perl_pmflag, Numerous Perl 4-era libraries
Unicode overhaul
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "overloading", "parent",
"Parse::CPAN::Meta", "VMS::DCLsym", "VMS::Stdio",
"XS::APItest::KeywordRPN"
Updated Pragmata
"base", "bignum", "charnames", "constant", "diagnostics",
"feature", "less", "lib", "mro", "overload", "threads",
"threads::shared", "version", "warnings"
Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers",
"AutoLoader", "B::Concise", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse", "B::Lint",
"CGI", "Class::ISA", "Compress::Raw::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS",
"CPANPLUS::Dist::Build", "Data::Dumper", "DB_File",
"Devel::PPPort", "Digest", "Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA",
"Encode", "Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command",
"ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Install",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker", "ExtUtils::Manifest",
"ExtUtils::ParseXS", "File::Fetch", "File::Path", "File::Temp",
"Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "Getopt::Long", "IO",
"IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::SysV", "Locale::Maketext",
"Locale::Maketext::Simple", "Log::Message",
"Log::Message::Simple", "Math::BigInt",
"Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex",
"Memoize", "MIME::Base64", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList",
"Module::Load", "Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded",
"Module::Pluggable", "Net::Ping", "NEXT", "Object::Accessor",
"Package::Constants", "PerlIO", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Perldoc",
"Pod::Plainer", "Pod::Simple", "Safe", "SelfLoader", "Storable",
"Switch", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::UI", "Test",
"Test::Harness", "Test::Simple", "Text::Balanced",
"Text::ParseWords", "Text::Soundex", "Thread::Queue",
"Thread::Semaphore", "Tie::RefHash", "Time::HiRes",
"Time::Local", "Time::Piece", "Unicode::Collate",
"Unicode::Normalize", "Win32", "Win32API::File", "XSLoader"
Removed Modules and Pragmata
"attrs", "CPAN::API::HOWTO", "CPAN::DeferedCode",
"CPANPLUS::inc", "DCLsym", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish", "Stdio", "Test::Harness::Assert",
"Test::Harness::Iterator", "Test::Harness::Point",
"Test::Harness::Results", "Test::Harness::Straps",
"Test::Harness::Util", "XSSymSet"
Deprecated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Internal Changes
Testing
Testing improvements
Parallel tests, Test harness flexibility, Test watchdog
New Tests
New or Changed Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changed Diagnostics
"Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s", "Prototype after
'%c' for %s : %s"
Utility Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes
New Platforms
Haiku, MirOS BSD
Discontinued Platforms
Domain/OS, MiNT, Tenon MachTen
Updated Platforms
AIX, Cygwin, Darwin (Mac OS X), DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, Irix,
NetBSD, OpenVMS, Stratus VOS, Symbian, Windows
Known Problems
Errata
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5101delta - what is new for perl v5.10.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other incompatible changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
The "overloading" pragma
Parallel tests
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "parent", "Parse::CPAN::Meta"
Pragmata Changes
"attributes", "attrs", "base", "bigint", "bignum", "bigrat",
"charnames", "constant", "feature", "fields", "lib", "open",
"overload", "overloading", "version"
Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers",
"AutoLoader", "AutoSplit", "B", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse",
"B::Lint", "B::Xref", "Benchmark", "Carp", "CGI",
"Compress::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build",
"Cwd", "Data::Dumper", "DB", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort",
"Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA", "DirHandle", "Dumpvalue",
"DynaLoader", "Encode", "Errno", "Exporter",
"ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command", "ExtUtils::Constant",
"ExtUtils::Embed", "ExtUtils::Install", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker",
"ExtUtils::Manifest", "ExtUtils::ParseXS", "Fatal",
"File::Basename", "File::Compare", "File::Copy", "File::Fetch",
"File::Find", "File::Path", "File::Spec", "File::stat",
"File::Temp", "FileCache", "FileHandle", "Filter::Simple",
"Filter::Util::Call", "FindBin", "GDBM_File", "Getopt::Long",
"Hash::Util::FieldHash", "I18N::Collate", "IO",
"IO::Compress::*", "IO::Dir", "IO::Handle", "IO::Socket",
"IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::Open3", "IPC::SysV", "lib",
"List::Util", "Locale::MakeText", "Log::Message",
"Math::BigFloat", "Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc",
"Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex", "Math::Trig", "Memoize",
"Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load",
"Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded",
"Module::Pluggable", "NDBM_File", "Net::Ping", "NEXT",
"Object::Accessor", "OS2::REXX", "Package::Constants", "PerlIO",
"PerlIO::via", "Pod::Man", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Simple",
"Pod::Text", "POSIX", "Safe", "Scalar::Util", "SelectSaver",
"SelfLoader", "Socket", "Storable", "Switch", "Symbol",
"Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::ReadLine", "Term::UI",
"Test::Harness", "Test::Simple", "Text::ParseWords",
"Text::Tabs", "Text::Wrap", "Thread::Queue",
"Thread::Semaphore", "threads", "threads::shared",
"Tie::RefHash", "Tie::StdHandle", "Time::HiRes", "Time::Local",
"Time::Piece", "Unicode::Normalize", "Unicode::UCD",
"UNIVERSAL", "Win32", "Win32API::File", "XSLoader"
Utility Changes
h2ph, h2xs, perl5db.pl, perlthanks
New Documentation
perlhaiku, perlmroapi, perlperf, perlrepository, perlthanks
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
ext/ reorganisation
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Platform Specific Changes
AIX, Cygwin, FreeBSD, Irix, Haiku, MirOS BSD, NetBSD, Stratus
VOS, Symbian, Win32, VMS
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
"panic: sv_chop %s", "Can't locate package %s for the parents of
%s", "v-string in use/require is non-portable", Deep recursion on
subroutine "%s"
Changed Internals
"SVf_UTF8", "SVs_TEMP"
New Tests
t/comp/retainedlines.t, t/io/perlio_fail.t, t/io/perlio_leaks.t,
t/io/perlio_open.t, t/io/perlio.t, t/io/pvbm.t,
t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/index_thr.t,
t/op/pat_thr.t, t/op/qr_gc.t, t/op/reg_email_thr.t,
t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t,
t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t, t/op/reg_nc_tie.t,
t/op/reg_posixcc.t, t/op/re.t, t/op/setpgrpstack.t,
t/op/substr_thr.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/uni/lex_utf8.t, t/uni/tie.t
Known Problems
Deprecations
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
The "feature" pragma
New -E command-line switch
Defined-or operator
Switch and Smart Match operator
Regular expressions
Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive
Quantifiers, Backtracking control verbs, Relative
backreferences, "\K" escape, Vertical and horizontal whitespace,
and linebreak, Optional pre-match and post-match captures with
the /p flag
say()
Lexical $_
The "_" prototype
UNITCHECK blocks
New Pragma, "mro"
readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
readpipe() is now overridable
Default argument for readline()
state() variables
Stacked filetest operators
UNIVERSAL::DOES()
Formats
Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
"no VERSION"
"chdir", "chmod" and "chown" on filehandles
OS groups
Recursive sort subs
Exceptions in constant folding
Source filters in @INC
New internal variables
"${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}", "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}",
"${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}", "${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}"
Miscellaneous
UCD 5.0.0
MAD
kill() on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Packing and UTF-8 strings
Byte/character count feature in unpack()
The $* and $# variables have been removed
substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
Parsing of "-f _"
":unique"
Effect of pragmas in eval
chdir FOO
Handling of .pmc files
$^V is now a "version" object instead of a v-string
@- and @+ in patterns
$AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
Tainting and printf
undef and signal handlers
strictures and dereferencing in defined()
"(?p{})" has been removed
Pseudo-hashes have been removed
Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
Removal of the JPL
Recursive inheritance detected earlier
warnings::enabled and warnings::warnif changed to favor users of
modules
Removal of "package;" ("package" without arguments)
Modules and Pragmata
Upgrading individual core modules
Pragmata Changes
"feature", "mro", Scoping of the "sort" pragma, Scoping of
"bignum", "bigint", "bigrat", "base", "strict" and "warnings",
"version", "warnings", "less"
New modules
Selected Changes to Core Modules
"Attribute::Handlers", "B::Lint", "B", "Thread"
Utility Changes
perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp,
find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
In-place sorting
Lexical array access
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
"PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
Weak references are cheaper
sort() enhancements
Memory optimisations
UTF-8 cache optimisation
Sloppy stat on Windows
Regular expressions optimisations
Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as
literals, Trie optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-
Corasick start-point optimisation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
"-Dusesitecustomize", Relocatable installations, strlcat() and
strlcpy(), "d_pseudofork" and "d_printf_format_null", Configure
help
Compilation improvements
Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on
Windows, ppport.h files, C++ compatibility, Support for
Microsoft 64-bit compiler, Visual C++, Win32 builds
Installation improvements
Module auxiliary files
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(),
Subscripts of slices, "no warnings 'category'" works correctly with
-w, threads improvements, chr() and negative values, PERL5SHELL and
tainting, Using *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading
and UTF-8, eval memory leaks fixed, Random device on Windows,
PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and read-only scalars, study() and
UTF-8, Critical signals, @INC-hook fix, "-t" switch fix, Duping
UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of hash elements
New or Changed Diagnostics
Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false
conditional, !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too
late for "-T" option, "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration,
readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is
deprecated, v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V
Changed Internals
Reordering of SVt_* constants
Elimination of SVt_PVBM
New type SVt_BIND
Removal of CPP symbols
Less space is used by ops
New parser
Use of "const"
Mathoms
"AvFLAGS" has been removed
"av_*" changes
$^H and %^H
B:: modules inheritance changed
Anonymous hash and array constructors
Known Problems
UTF-8 problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl589delta - what is new for perl v5.8.9
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
stat and -X on directory handles
Source filters in @INC
Exceptions in constant folding
"no VERSION"
Improved internal UTF-8 caching code
Runtime relocatable installations
New internal variables
"${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^UTF8CACHE}"
"readpipe" is now overridable
simple exception handling macros
-D option enhancements
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
New Platforms
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated Modules
Utility Changes
debugger upgraded to version 1.31
perlthanks
perlbug
h2xs
h2ph
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Relocatable installations
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Installation improvements
Platform Specific Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Unicode
PerlIO
Magic
Reblessing overloaded objects now works
"strict" now propagates correctly into string evals
Other fixes
Platform Specific Fixes
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
panic: sv_chop %s
Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
panic: attempt to call %s in %s
FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
Cannot make the non-overridable builtin %s fatal
Unrecognized character '%s' in column %d
Offset outside string
Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regexp; marked by <--
HERE in m/%s/
Your machine doesn't support dump/undump
Changed Internals
Macro cleanups
New Tests
ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t, t/comp/fold.t, t/io/pvbm.t,
t/lib/proxy_constant_subs.t, t/op/attrhand.t, t/op/dbm.t,
t/op/inccode-tie.t, t/op/incfilter.t, t/op/kill0.t, t/op/qrstack.t,
t/op/qr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed.t, t/op/regexp_qr.t, t/op/rxcode.t,
t/op/studytied.t, t/op/substT.t, t/op/symbolcache.t, t/op/upgrade.t,
t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/pod/twice.t, t/run/cloexec.t,
t/uni/cache.t, t/uni/chr.t, t/uni/greek.t, t/uni/latin2.t,
t/uni/overload.t, t/uni/tie.t
Known Problems
Platform Specific Notes
Win32
OS/2
VMS
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
"h2xs" enhancements
"perlivp" enhancements
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
Remove over-optimisation
sprintf() fixes
Debugger and Unicode slowdown
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Attempt to set length of freed array
Non-string passed as bitmask
Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
pattern
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
suidperl less insecure
Optional site customization script
"Config.pm" is now much smaller
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
find2perl enhancements
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Performance Enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Perl's debugger
h2ph
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Malloc wrapping
Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
suidperl less insecure
format
Modules and Pragmata
Updated modules
Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter,
File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat,
Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX,
Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor,
Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8
Performance Enhancements
Utility Changes
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Future Directions
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin,
List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Configuration and Building
Platform Specific Problems
Known Problems
Future Directions
Obituary
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Hash Randomisation
Threading
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet,
MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
Selected Bug Fixes
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Hash Randomisation
UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
(Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
(Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
Core Enhancements
UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
Unsafe signals again available
Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
local ${$x}
Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
Deprecation Warnings
Miscellaneous Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark,
ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File,
Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet,
Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar,
podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util,
Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads,
threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform-specific enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
Closures, eval and lexicals
Generic fixes
Platform-specific fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
New "Missing control char name in \c"
New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
New "Use of freed value in iteration"
Changed Internals
New Tests
Known Problems
Tied hashes in scalar context
Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
B::C
Platform Specific Problems
EBCDIC Platforms
Cygwin 1.5 problems
HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
DESCRIPTION
Highlights In 5.8.0
Incompatible Changes
Binary Incompatibility
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for "my" variables now handled at run-time
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Semantics (no more "use utf8", almost)
New Unicode Properties
REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
Unicode Overhaul
PerlIO is Now The Default
ithreads
Restricted Hashes
Safe Signals
Understanding of Numbers
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
Miscellaneous Changes
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
New Tests
Known Problems
The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
PDL failing some tests
Perl_get_sv
Self-tying Problems
ext/threads/t/libc
Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
Timing problems
Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
Platform Specific Problems
AIX
Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
AmigaOS
BeOS
Cygwin "unable to remap"
Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
DJGPP Failures
FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
OS/2 Test Failures
op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
SCO
Solaris 2.5
Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
UNICOS/mk
UTS
VOS (Stratus)
VMS
Win32
XML::Parser not working
z/OS (OS/390)
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.1
DESCRIPTION
Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
Security Issues
Core bug fixes
UNIVERSAL::isa(), Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b),
caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode,
Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables,
Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(),
Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit
support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find,
xsubpp, "no Module;", Tests
Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules
B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI,
CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find,
Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat,
Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text,
SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
Platform-specific improvements
NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue,
DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find,
File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO,
JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser,
Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils,
Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage,
Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod,
perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod,
perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod,
perlunicode.pod
Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or
Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type,
/%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized
escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably
be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s
argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH
or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s
package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in
cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in
conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-
portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in
prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't
declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s",
Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-
lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s:
%s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character
class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not
%s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword,
defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not
produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?),
Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false []
range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock()
on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit
package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-
formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in
prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit
%s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s
number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid
[] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute
list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list,
leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not
implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{},
Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s
specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming
local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic:
del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs,
Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended
interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs"
is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of
script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in
unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is
already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-
length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set
CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown
open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter:
%s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute
parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list,
Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list,
Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too
long, Version number must be a constant number
New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals
of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-
random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has
changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit
may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean
"${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)",
vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some
diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed,
Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of
bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit
operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins
taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures
EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak
references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite,
Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The
regular expression code constructs:
Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-
formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must
be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too
big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue,
DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find,
File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO,
JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser,
Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils,
Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage,
Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod,
perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod,
perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod,
perlunicode.pod
Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or
Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type,
/%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized
escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably
be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s
argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH
or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s
package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in
cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in
conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-
portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in
prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't
declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s",
Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-
lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s:
%s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character
class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not
%s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword,
defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not
produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?),
Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false []
range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock()
on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit
package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-
formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in
prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit
%s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s
number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid
[] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute
list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list,
leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not
implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{},
Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s
specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming
local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic:
del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs,
Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended
interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs"
is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of
script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in
unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is
already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-
length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set
CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown
open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter:
%s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute
parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list,
Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list,
Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too
long, Version number must be a constant number
New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals
of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-
random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has
changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit
may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean
"${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)",
vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some
diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed,
Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of
bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit
operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins
taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak
references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite,
Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The
regular expression code constructs:
Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-
formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must
be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too
big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
DESCRIPTION
About the new versioning system
Incompatible Changes
WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing
Core Changes
Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions
Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular
expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular
expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes
Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
"%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
"EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
"foreach (1..1000000)" optimized
"Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name
"exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
All "printf" format conversions are handled internally
New "INIT" keyword
New "lock" keyword
New "qr//" operator
"our" is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records
Supported Platforms
New Platforms
Changes in existing support
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec,
ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test,
Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re
Changes in existing modules
Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX,
DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
Utility Changes
Documentation Changes
New Diagnostics
Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad
index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to
nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value,
Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array
into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize
pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not
available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax
[. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [:
:] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =]
is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure
regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to ''
(assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array
field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory
during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer
range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s'
%s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value
assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl:
warning: Setting locale failed
Obsolete Diagnostics
Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open
temporary file, regexp too big
Configuration Changes
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
DESCRIPTION
Supported Environments
Core Changes
List assignment to %ENV works
Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
"wantarray" may return undef
"eval EXPR" determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks
No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV,
$BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a
terminal name
New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax
$coderef->(PARAMS)
New and changed builtin constants
__PACKAGE__
New and changed builtin variables
$^E, $^H, $^M
New and changed builtin functions
delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue,
my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use
VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_
as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on failure,
"m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}" closures
work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
New builtin methods
isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
TIEHANDLE now supported
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST,
READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
Malloc enhancements
-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
Support for More Operating Systems
Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS
Pragmata
use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir',
use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
Modules
Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
Utility Changes
pod2html
Sends converted HTML to standard output
xsubpp
"void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing
C Language API Changes
"gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API
for manipulating hashes
Documentation Changes
perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib,
perldebug, perlsec
New Diagnostics
"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s
argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx,
Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s),
Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference
as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package,
Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s")
as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s'
overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined,
Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a
reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long,
Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal
number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s",
Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name
"%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline,
Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request
for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list,
Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s}
better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s'
overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie attempted
while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s,
Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>"
is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), Variable
"%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in
prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed
PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perlbook - Books about and related to Perl
DESCRIPTION
The most popular books
Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):, The Perl Cookbook (the
"Ram Book"):, Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate
Perl (the "Alpaca Book")
References
Perl 5 Pocket Reference, Perl Debugger Pocket Reference, Regular
Expression Pocket Reference
Tutorials
Beginning Perl, Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate
Perl (the "Alpaca Book"), Mastering Perl, Effective Perl
Programming
Task-Oriented
Writing Perl Modules for CPAN, The Perl Cookbook, Automating
System Administration with Perl, Real World SQL Server
Administration with Perl
Special Topics
Regular Expressions Cookbook, Programming the Perl DBI, Perl
Best Practices, Higher-Order Perl, Mastering Regular
Expressions, Network Programming with Perl, Perl Template
Toolkit, Object Oriented Perl, Data Munging with Perl, Mastering
Perl/Tk, Extending and Embedding Perl, Pro Perl Debugging
Free (as in beer) books
Other interesting, non-Perl books
Programming Pearls, More Programming Pearls
A note on freshness
Get your book listed
perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community
DESCRIPTION
Where to Find the Community
Mailing Lists and Newsgroups
IRC
Websites
<https://perl.com/>, <https://blogs.perl.org/>,
<https://perl.theplanetarium.org/>, <https://perlweekly.com/>,
<https://www.perlmonks.org/>, <https://stackoverflow.com/>
User Groups
Workshops
Hackathons
Conventions
The Perl Conference, OSCON
Calendar of Perl Events
AUTHOR
perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-h, -D, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -U, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-
search-regexp, -a perlapifunc, -v perlvar, -T, -d destination-
filename, -o output-formatname, -M module-name, -w option:value or
-w option, -X, -L language_code,
PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
perlexperiment - A listing of experimental features in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Current experiments
Smart match ("~~"), Pluggable keywords, Aliasing via reference,
use re 'strict';, Declaring a reference to a variable, There is
an "installhtml" target in the Makefile, (Limited) Variable-
length look-behind, Unicode private use character hooks, Unicode
property wildcards, try/catch control structure, Use of @_
within subroutine signatures, The builtin namespace, The defer
block modifier, Extra paired delimiters for quote-like operators
Accepted features
64-bit support, die accepts a reference, DB module, Weak
references, Internal file glob, fork() emulation,
-Dusemultiplicity -Duseithreads, Support for long doubles, The
"\N" regex character class, "(?{code})" and "(??{ code })",
Linux abstract Unix domain sockets, Lvalue subroutines,
Backtracking control verbs, The ":pop" IO pseudolayer, "\s" in
regexp matches vertical tab, Postfix dereference syntax, Lexical
subroutines, String- and number-specific bitwise operators,
Alphabetic assertions, Script runs, The infix "isa" operator,
Subroutine signatures, Regular Expression Set Operations,
try/catch control structure, The "const" attribute, for loop
with multiple iteration variables
Removed features
5.005-style threading, perlcc, The pseudo-hash data type,
GetOpt::Long Options can now take multiple values at once
(experimental), Assertions, Test::Harness::Straps, "legacy",
Lexical $_, Array and hash container functions accept
references, "our" can have an experimental optional attribute
"unique", The ":win32" IO pseudolayer
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "Artistic License"
Preamble
Definitions
"Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You",
"Reasonable copying fee", "Freely Available"
Conditions
a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 1
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
perlaix - Perl version 5 on IBM AIX (UNIX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
Supported Compilers
Incompatibility with AIX Toolbox lib gdbm
Perl 5 was successfully compiled and tested on:
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
Long doubles
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/64-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (64-bit)
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX 7.1.0
Compiling Perl 5 on older AIX versions up to 4.3.3
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX < 5L
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
The usenm option
Using GNU's gcc for building Perl
Using Large Files with Perl < 5L
Threaded Perl < 5L
64-bit Perl < 5L
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
AUTHORS
perlamiga - Perl under AmigaOS 4.1
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for running Perl 5.22.1 under AmigaOS 4.1
AmigaOS 4.1 update 6 with all updates applied as of 9th October
2013, newlib.library version 53.28 or greater, AmigaOS SDK, abc-
shell
Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS 4.1
Limitations of Perl under AmigaOS 4.1
Nested Piped programs can crash when run from older abc-shells,
Incorrect or unexpected command line unescaping, Starting
subprocesses via open has limitations, If you find any other
limitations or bugs then let me know
INSTALLATION
Amiga Specific Modules
Amiga::ARexx
Amiga::Exec
BUILDING
CHANGES
August 2015, Port to Perl 5.22, Add handling of NIL: to afstat(),
Fix inheritance of environment variables by subprocesses, Fix exec,
and exit in "forked" subprocesses, Fix issue with newlib's unlink,
which could cause infinite loops, Add flock() emulation using
IDOS->LockRecord thanks to Tony Cook for the suggestion, Fix issue
where kill was using the wrong kind of process ID, 27th November
2013, Create new installation system based on installperl links and
Amiga protection bits now set correctly, Pod now defaults to text,
File::Spec should now recognise an Amiga style absolute path as well
as an Unix style one. Relative paths must always be Unix style, 20th
November 2013, Configured to use SDK:Local/C/perl to start standard
scripts, Added Amiga::Exec module with support for Wait() and
AmigaOS signal numbers, 10th October 13
SEE ALSO
perlandroid - Perl under Android
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Cross-compilation
Get the Android Native Development Kit (NDK)
Determine the architecture you'll be cross-compiling for
Set up a standalone toolchain
adb or ssh?
Configure and beyond
Native Builds
CCTools
Termux
AUTHOR
perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in "native" BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list
HISTORY
perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin
SYNOPSIS
PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration
"PATH", nroff
CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
"-lcrypt", "-lgdbm_compat" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use
DB_File"), "cygserver" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"
Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
"-Uusedl", "-Dusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity",
"-Uuse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Uuseithreads",
"-Duselargefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"
MAKE ON CYGWIN
TEST ON CYGWIN
File Permissions on Cygwin
NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
fork() failures in io_* tests
Specific features of the Cygwin port
Script Portability on Cygwin
Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, Cygwin vs. Windows process
ids, Cygwin vs. Windows errors, rebase errors on fork or system,
Miscellaneous
Prebuilt methods:
"Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid",
"Cygwin::win_to_posix_path", "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path",
Cygwin::mount_table(), "Cygwin::mount_flags",
"Cygwin::is_binmount", "Cygwin::sync_winenv"
INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module
Tests
BUGS ON CYGWIN
AUTHORS
HISTORY
perlfreebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
AUTHOR
perlhaiku - Perl version 5.10+ on Haiku
DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT
perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Using perl from HP's porting centre
Other prebuilt perl binaries
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
HP-UX versions
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
The GNU C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
Oracle on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
error: pasting ")" and "l" does not give a valid preprocessing token
Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class specifier
Miscellaneous
AUTHOR
perlhurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
DESCRIPTION
Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
AUTHOR
perlirix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
DESCRIPTION
Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
About Compiler Versions of Irix
Linker Problems in Irix
Malloc in Irix
Building with threads in Irix
Irix 5.3
AUTHOR
perllinux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
DESCRIPTION
Deploying Perl on Linux
Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
AUTHOR
perlmacosx - Perl under Mac OS X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Installation Prefix
SDK support
Universal Binary support
64-bit PPC support
libperl and Prebinding
Updating Apple's Perl
Known problems
Cocoa
Starting From Scratch
AUTHOR
DATE
perlopenbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
ithreads
AUTHOR
perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites
EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
Frequently asked questions
"It does not work"
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my
program.
Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use
ExtUtils::Embed?
`` and pipe-"open" do not work under DOS
Cannot start "find.exe "pattern" file"
INSTALLATION
Automatic binary installation
"PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm
Manual binary installation
Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO
executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities,
Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile
Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl
modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF
format, Pdksh
Warning
Accessing documentation
OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU "info" files
PDF files
"LaTeX" docs
BUILD
The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing
A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT,
op/fs.t, 18, 25, op/stat.t
Installing the built perl
"a.out"-style build
Building a binary distribution
Building custom .EXE files
Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
extensions
Making executables with a custom search-paths
Build FAQ
Some "/" became "\" in pdksh
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure
Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
"setpriority", "getpriority"
system()
"extproc" on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:
"File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname",
Cwd::current_drive(),
Cwd::sys_chdir(name), Cwd::change_drive(name),
Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name), Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name),
Cwd::sys_is_relative(name), Cwd::sys_cwd(name),
"Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)", Cwd::extLibpath([type]),
"Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )",
"OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)",
OS2::Errors2Drive(drive), OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(),
OS2::MorphPM(serve), OS2::UnMorphPM(serve),
OS2::Serve_Messages(force), "OS2::Process_Messages(force [,
cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)", OS2::get_control87(),
"OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)",
"OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])"
Prebuilt variables:
$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout,
$OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror
Misfeatures
Modifications
"popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir",
"rmdir", "flock"
Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources
"HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
CheckOSError(expr), CheckWinError(expr), SaveWinError(expr),
"SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc",
"FillWinError", FillOSError(rc), Loading DLLs and ordinals in
DLLs
Perl flavors
perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?
ENVIRONMENT
"PERLLIB_PREFIX"
"PERL_BADLANG"
"PERL_BADFREE"
"PERL_SH_DIR"
"USE_PERL_FLOCK"
"TMP" or "TEMP"
Evolution
Text-mode filehandles
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", .
from "LIBPATH"
DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads
"COND_WAIT", os2.c
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
perlos390 - building and installing Perl for z/OS (previously called OS/390)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tools
Building a 64-bit Dynamic ASCII Perl
Building a 64-bit Dynamic EBCDIC Perl
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Useful files for trouble-shooting
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on z/OS
Modules and Extensions for Perl on z/OS (Static Only)
Running Perl on z/OS
For ASCII Only:, For ASCII or EBCDIC:
AUTHORS
OTHER SITES
HISTORY
perlos400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
Known Problems
Perl on ILE
AUTHORS
perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl
COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
BUGS
Revision date
AUTHOR
perlqnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
DESCRIPTION
Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files
qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
Cross-compilation
AUTHOR
perlriscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
DESCRIPTION
BUILD
AUTHOR
perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
DESCRIPTION
Solaris Version Numbers
RESOURCES
Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
SETTING UP
File Extraction Problems on Solaris
Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris
Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
RUN CONFIGURE
64-bit perl on Solaris
Threads in perl on Solaris
Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris
MAKE PROBLEMS
Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl:
fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error
"No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
MAKE TEST
op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
CROSS-COMPILATION
PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS
RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS
Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES
Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris
SunOS 4.x
AUTHOR
perlsynology - Perl 5 on Synology DSM systems
DESCRIPTION
Setting up the build environment
Compiling Perl 5
Known problems
Error message "No error definitions found",
ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t
Smoke testing Perl
Adding libraries
REVISION
AUTHOR
perltru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly
known as DEC OSF/1) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
DB_File tests failing on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
Testing Perl on Tru64
ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
read_cur_obj_info: bad file magic number
AUTHOR
perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Installation
Organization of Perl Images
Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions
File specifications
Syntax
Filename Case
Symbolic Links
Wildcard expansion
Pipes
PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
The Perl Forked Debugger
PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
Command line
I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches
-i, -S, -u
Perl functions
File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER,
die, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime,
kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time,
times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
Perl variables
%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
SDBM_File
Revision date
AUTHOR
perlvos - Perl for Stratus OpenVOS
SYNOPSIS
BUILDING PERL FOR OPENVOS
INSTALLING PERL IN OPENVOS
USING PERL IN OPENVOS
Restrictions of Perl on OpenVOS
TEST STATUS
SUPPORT STATUS
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE
perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
<https://osdn.net/projects/mingw/>, <https://mingw-w64.org>
Setting Up Perl on Windows
Make, Command Shell, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual C++
2015-2022 Community Edition, Microsoft C++ Build Tools, GCC,
Intel C++ Compiler
Building
Testing Perl on Windows
Installation of Perl on Windows
Usage Hints for Perl on Windows
Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the
command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard
Expansion, Notes on 64-bit Windows
Running Perl Scripts
Miscellaneous Things
BUGS AND CAVEATS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy
<gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>, Jan
Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay
<steve.m.hay@googlemail.com>
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
perlboot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perlbot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perlrepository - Links to current information on the Perl source repository
DESCRIPTION
perltodo - Link to the Perl to-do list
DESCRIPTION
perltooc - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
perltoot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION
PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What "import" does
Built-in Attributes
lvalue, method, prototype(..), const, shared
Available Subroutines
get, reftype
Package-specific Attribute Handling
FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES
Syntax of Attribute Lists
EXPORTS
Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined
EXAMPLES
MORE EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
autodie - Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with lexical scope
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXCEPTIONS
CATEGORIES
FUNCTION SPECIFIC NOTES
print
flock
system/exec
GOTCHAS
DIAGNOSTICS
:void cannot be used with lexical scope, No user hints defined for
%s
Tips and Tricks
Importing autodie into another namespace than "caller"
BUGS
autodie and string eval
REPORTING BUGS
FEEDBACK
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
autodie::Scope::Guard - Wrapper class for calling subs at end of scope
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE
autodie::Scope::GuardStack - Hook stack for managing scopes via %^H
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE
autodie::Util - Internal Utility subroutines for autodie and Fatal
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE
autodie::exception - Exceptions from autodying functions.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Common Methods
Advanced methods
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR
autodie::exception::system - Exceptions from autodying system().
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
stringify
LICENSE
AUTHOR
autodie::hints - Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
What are hints?
Example hints
Manually setting hints from within your program
Adding hints to your module
Insisting on hints
Diagnostics
Attempts to set_hints_for unidentifiable subroutine, fail hints
cannot be provided with either scalar or list hints for %s, %s hint
missing for %s
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
autodie::skip - Skip a package when throwing autodie exceptions
SYNPOSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from
itself
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
bigfloat - transparent big floating point number support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l, lib, try, or only,
hex, oct, v or version
Math Library
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), accuracy(), precision(),
round_mode(), div_scale(), upgrade(), downgrade(), in_effect()
CAVEATS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals, Operator vs
literal overloading, Ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
bigint - transparent big integer support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use integer vs. use bigint
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l, lib, try, or only,
hex, oct, v or version
Math Library
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), accuracy(), precision(),
round_mode(), div_scale(), in_effect()
CAVEATS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals, Operator vs
literal overloading, Ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
bignum - transparent big number support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Literal numeric constants
Upgrading and downgrading
Overloading
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, l, lib, try, or only, hex, oct, v
or version
Math Library
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), accuracy(), precision(),
round_mode(), div_scale(), upgrade(), downgrade(), in_effect()
CAVEATS
The upgrade() and downgrade() methods, Hexadecimal, octal, and
binary floating point literals, Operator vs literal overloading,
Ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
bigrat - transparent big rational number support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l, lib, try, or only,
hex, oct, v or version
Math Library
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), accuracy(), precision(),
round_mode(), div_scale(), in_effect()
CAVEATS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals, Operator vs
literal overloading, Ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR
builtin - Perl pragma to import built-in utility functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Lexical Import
Version Bundles
FUNCTIONS
true
false
is_bool
inf
nan
weaken
unweaken
is_weak
blessed
refaddr
reftype
created_as_string
created_as_number
stringify
ceil
floor
indexed
trim
is_tainted
export_lexically
load_module
SEE ALSO
bytes - Perl pragma to expose the individual bytes of characters
NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
charnames - access to Unicode character names and named character sequences;
also define character names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LOOSE MATCHES
ALIASES
CUSTOM ALIASES
charnames::string_vianame(name)
charnames::vianame(name)
charnames::viacode(code)
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
BUGS
constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants
TECHNICAL NOTES
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
deprecate - Perl pragma for deprecating the inclusion of a module in core
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Important Caveat
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "diagnostics" Pragma
The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR
encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ASCII and non-UTF-8
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"use encoding ['ENCNAME'] ;", "use encoding ENCNAME, Filter=>1;",
"no encoding;"
OPTIONS
Setting "STDIN" and/or "STDOUT" individually
The ":locale" sub-pragma
CAVEATS
SIDE EFFECTS
DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
Prior to Perl v5.22
Prior to Encode version 1.87
Prior to Perl v5.8.1
"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, "tr///", Legend of characters
above
EXAMPLE - Greekperl
BUGS
Thread safety, Can't be used by more than one module in a single
program, Other modules using "STDIN" and "STDOUT" get the encoded
stream, literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC,
"format", See also "CAVEATS" in encoding
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
VERSION
NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overview of the problem
Detecting the problem
Solving the problem
Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to
byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string
upgrading, PerlIO layers for STDIN and STDOUT, Literal
conversions, Implicit upgrading for byte-strings
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
experimental - Experimental features made easy
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"args_array_with_signatures" - allow @_ to be used in signatured
subs, "array_base" - allow the use of $[ to change the starting
index of @array, "autoderef" - allow push, each, keys, and other
built-ins on references, "bitwise" - allow the new stringwise bit
operators, "builtin" - allow the use of the functions in the
builtin:: namespace, "const_attr" - allow the :const attribute on
subs, "declared_refs" - enables aliasing via assignment to
references, "defer" - enables the use of defer blocks,
"extra_paired_delimiters" - enables the use of more paired string
delimiters than the traditional four, "< >", "( )", "{ }", and
"[ ]", "for_list" - allows iterating over multiple values at a time
with "for", "isa" - allow the use of the "isa" infix operator,
"lexical_topic" - allow the use of lexical $_ via "my $_",
"lexical_subs" - allow the use of lexical subroutines, "postderef" -
allow the use of postfix dereferencing expressions, "postderef_qq" -
allow the use of postfix dereferencing expressions inside
interpolating strings, "re_strict" - enables strict mode in regular
expressions, "refaliasing" - allow aliasing via "\$x = \$y",
"regex_sets" - allow extended bracketed character classes in
regexps, "signatures" - allow subroutine signatures (for named
arguments), "smartmatch" - allow the use of "~~", "switch" - allow
the use of "~~", given, and when, "try" - allow the use of "try" and
"catch", "win32_perlio" - allows the use of the :win32 IO layer
Ordering matters
Disclaimer
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
feature - Perl pragma to enable new features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Lexical effect
"no feature"
AVAILABLE FEATURES
The 'say' feature
The 'state' feature
The 'switch' feature
The 'unicode_strings' feature
The 'unicode_eval' and 'evalbytes' features
The 'current_sub' feature
The 'array_base' feature
The 'fc' feature
The 'lexical_subs' feature
The 'postderef' and 'postderef_qq' features
The 'signatures' feature
The 'refaliasing' feature
The 'bitwise' feature
The 'declared_refs' feature
The 'isa' feature
The 'indirect' feature
The 'multidimensional' feature
The 'bareword_filehandles' feature
The 'try' feature
The 'defer' feature
The 'extra_paired_delimiters' feature
The 'module_true' feature
The 'class' feature
FEATURE BUNDLES
IMPLICIT LOADING
CHECKING FEATURES
feature_enabled($feature), feature_enabled($feature, $depth),
features_enabled(), features_enabled($depth), feature_bundle(),
feature_bundle($depth)
fields - compile-time class fields
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new, phash
SEE ALSO
filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Consider this carefully
The "access" sub-pragma
Limitation with regard to "_"
if - "use" a Perl module if a condition holds
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"use if"
"no if"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
less - perl pragma to request less of something
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FOR MODULE AUTHORS
"BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE )"
"FEATURES = less->of()"
CAVEATS
This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+
lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
locale - Perl pragma to use or avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
mro - Method Resolution Order
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
The C3 MRO
What is C3?
How does C3 work
Functions
mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
mro::set_mro ($classname, $type)
mro::get_mro($classname)
mro::get_isarev($classname)
mro::is_universal($classname)
mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
mro::method_changed_in($classname)
mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
next::method
next::can
maybe::next::method
SEE ALSO
The original Dylan paper
"/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.19.3910&rep=rep1
&type=pdf" in http:
Python 2.3 MRO
<https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.3/mro/>
Class::C3
Class::C3
AUTHOR
ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CC0 1.0 Universal
open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO
ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Fundamentals
Overloadable Operations
"not", "neg", "++", "--", Assignments, Non-mutators with a
mutator variant, "int", String, numeric, boolean, and regexp
conversions, Iteration, File tests, Matching, Dereferencing,
Special
Magic Autogeneration
Special Keys for "use overload"
defined, but FALSE, "undef", TRUE
How Perl Chooses an Operator Implementation
Losing Overloading
Inheritance and Overloading
Method names in the "use overload" directive, Overloading of an
operation is inherited by derived classes
Run-time Overloading
Public Functions
overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg),
overload::Method(obj,op)
Overloading Constants
integer, float, binary, q, qr
IMPLEMENTATION
COOKBOOK
Two-face Scalars
Two-face References
Symbolic Calculator
Really Symbolic Calculator
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, '%s' is not an
overloadable type, '%s' is not a code reference, overload arg '%s'
is invalid
BUGS AND PITFALLS
overloading - perl pragma to lexically control overloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"no overloading", "no overloading @ops", "use overloading", "use
overloading @ops"
parent - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
base, parent::versioned
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
MAINTAINER
LICENSE
re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
'taint' mode
'eval' mode
'strict' mode
'/flags' mode
'debug' mode
'Debug' mode
Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP,
FLAGS, TEST, Execute related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE,
INTUIT, Extra debugging options, EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE,
STACK, GPOS, OPTIMISEM, DUMP_PRE_OPTIMIZE, WILDCARD, Other
useful flags, ALL, All, MORE, More
Exportable Functions
is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regname($name,$all),
regnames($all), regnames_count(), regmust($ref),
optimization($ref), minlen, minlenret, gofs, noscan, isall,
anchor SBOL, anchor MBOL, anchor GPOS, skip, implicit,
anchored/floating, anchored utf8/floating utf8, anchored min
offset/floating min offset, anchored max offset/floating max
offset, anchored end shift/floating end shift, checking, stclass
SEE ALSO
sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
SIGNAL HANDLERS
stack-trace, die, handler your-handler
SIGNAL LISTS
normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals
OTHER
untrapped, any, signal, number
EXAMPLES
sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
stable - Experimental features made easy, once we know they're stable
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"bitwise" - stable as of perl 5.22, available via stable 0.031,
"isa" - stable as of perl 5.32, available via stable 0.031,
"lexical_subs" - stable as of perl 5.22, available via stable 0.031,
"postderef" - stable as of perl 5.20, available via stable 0.031,
"const_attr" - stable as of perl 5.22, available via stable 0.032,
"for_list" - stable as of perl 5.36, available via stable 0.032
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"
HISTORY
subs - Perl pragma to predeclare subroutine names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
VERSION
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(),
$thr->detach(), threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(),
threads->tid(), "$thr", threads->object($tid), threads->yield(),
threads->list(), threads->list(threads::all),
threads->list(threads::running), threads->list(threads::joinable),
$thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;, $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(),
threads->_handle()
EXITING A THREAD
threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use
threads 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' =>
'thread_only'}, ...), $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean),
threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)
THREAD STATE
$thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(),
threads->is_detached()
THREAD CONTEXT
Explicit context
Implicit context
$thr->wantarray()
threads->wantarray()
THREAD STACK SIZE
threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();,
$old_size = threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads
('stack_size' => VALUE);, $ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'},
threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE}, FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr2 =
$thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)
THREAD SIGNALLING
$thr->kill('SIG...');
WARNINGS
Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed:
pthread_create returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using
minimum thread stack size of #, Thread creation failed:
pthread_attr_setstacksize(SIZE) returned 22
ERRORS
This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of
an existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals,
Unrecognized signal name: ..
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Memory
consumption, Current working directory, Locales, Environment
variables, Catching signals, Parent-child threads, Unsafe signals,
Perl has been built with "PERL_OLD_SIGNALS" (see "perl -V"), The
environment variable "PERL_SIGNALS" is set to "unsafe" (see
"PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun), The module Perl::Unsafe::Signals is
used, Identity of objects returned from threads, Returning blessed
objects from threads, END blocks in threads, Open directory handles,
Detached threads and global destruction, Perl Bugs and the CPAN
Version of threads
REQUIREMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS
share VARIABLE, shared_clone REF, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE,
cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait
VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR,
cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
OBJECTS
NOTES
WARNINGS
cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable, cond_signal() called
on unlocked variable
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Utility functions
"$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string)", "$success =
utf8::downgrade($string[, $fail_ok])", utf8::encode($string),
"$success = utf8::decode($string)", $unicode =
utf8::native_to_unicode($code_point), $native =
utf8::unicode_to_native($code_point), "$flag =
utf8::is_utf8($string)", "$flag = utf8::valid($string)"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
version - Perl extension for Version Objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS
Decimal Versions, Dotted Decimal Versions
DECLARING VERSIONS
How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
How to declare() a dotted-decimal version
PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS
How to parse() a version
How to check for a legal version string
is_lax(), is_strict()
How to compare version objects
OBJECT METHODS
is_alpha()
is_qv()
normal()
numify()
stringify()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
qv()
is_lax()
is_strict()
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
version::Internals - Perl extension for Version Objects
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A VERSION?
Decimal versions, Dotted-Decimal versions
Decimal Versions
Dotted-Decimal Versions
Alpha Versions
Regular Expressions for Version Parsing
$version::LAX, $version::STRICT, v1.234.5
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Equivalence between Decimal and Dotted-Decimal Versions
Quoting Rules
What about v-strings?
Version Object Internals
original, qv, alpha, version
Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
USAGE DETAILS
Using modules that use version.pm
Decimal versions always work, Dotted-Decimal version work
sometimes
Object Methods
new(), qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification,
Comparison operators, Logical Operators
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"
warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
"Negative warnings"
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-w , -W , -X
Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module
FUNCTIONS
use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(),
warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object),
warnings::enabled_at_level($category, $level),
warnings::fatal_enabled(), warnings::fatal_enabled($category),
warnings::fatal_enabled($object),
warnings::fatal_enabled_at_level($category, $level),
warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message),
warnings::warn($object, $message),
warnings::warn_at_level($category, $level, $message),
warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
warnings::warnif($object, $message),
warnings::warnif_at_level($category, $level, $message),
warnings::register_categories(@names)
warnings::register - warnings import function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MODULE DOCUMENTATION
AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DBM Comparisons
[0], [1], [2], [3]
SEE ALSO
App::Cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
-a, -A module [ module ... ], -c module, -C module [ module ...
], -D module [ module ... ], -f, -F, -g module [ module ... ],
-G module [ module ... ], -h, -i module [ module ... ], -I, -j
Config.pm, -J, -l, -L author [ author ... ], -m, -M
mirror1,mirror2,.., -n, -O, -p, -P, -r, -s, -t module [ module
... ], -T, -u, -v, -V, -w, -x module [ module ... ], -X
Examples
Environment variables
NONINTERACTIVE_TESTING, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, CPAN_OPTS,
CPANSCRIPT_LOGLEVEL, GIT_COMMAND
Methods
run( ARGS )
EXIT VALUES
TO DO
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
CREDITS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
App::Prove - Implements the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Attributes
"archive", "argv", "backwards", "blib", "color", "directives",
"dry", "exec", "extensions", "failures", "comments", "formatter",
"harness", "ignore_exit", "includes", "jobs", "lib", "merge",
"modules", "parse", "plugins", "quiet", "really_quiet", "recurse",
"rules", "show_count", "show_help", "show_man", "show_version",
"shuffle", "state", "state_class", "taint_fail", "taint_warn",
"test_args", "timer", "verbose", "warnings_fail", "warnings_warn",
"tapversion", "trap"
PLUGINS
Sample Plugin
SEE ALSO
App::Prove::State - State storage for the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"store", "extensions" (optional), "result_class" (optional)
"result_class"
"extensions"
"results"
"commit"
Instance Methods
"last", "failed", "passed", "all", "hot", "todo", "slow", "fast",
"new", "old", "save"
App::Prove::State::Result - Individual test suite results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"state_version"
"test_class"
App::Prove::State::Result::Test - Individual test results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Object Methods
Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
$tar->read ( $filename|$handle, [$compressed, {opt => 'val'}] )
limit, filter, md5, extract
$tar->contains_file( $filename )
$tar->extract( [@filenames] )
$tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
$tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
$tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
$tar->get_content( $file )
$tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
$tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
$tar->chmod( $file, $mode )
$tar->chown( $file, $uname [, $gname] )
$tar->remove (@filenamelist)
$tar->clear
$tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
$tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
$tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET
$tar->error( [$BOOL] )
$tar->setcwd( $cwd );
Class Methods
Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compressed, @filelist)
Archive::Tar->iter( $filename, [ $compressed, {opt => $val} ] )
Archive::Tar->list_archive($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
Archive::Tar->extract_archive($file, $compressed)
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_io_string
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_perlio
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_zlib_support
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_bzip2_support
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_xz_support
Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
$Archive::Tar::CHOWN
$Archive::Tar::CHMOD
$Archive::Tar::SAME_PERMISSIONS
$Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
$Archive::Tar::DEBUG
$Archive::Tar::WARN
$Archive::Tar::error
$Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
$Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
$Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
$Archive::Tar::ZERO_PAD_NUMBERS
Tuning the way RESOLVE_SYMLINK will works
none, speed (default), memory
$Archive::Tar::EXTRACT_BLOCK_SIZE
FAQ What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't
Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than
/bin/tar?, Can you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an
X kb tar file need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an
archive?, I'm using WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and
files are not being extracted properly!, How do I extract only files
that have property X from an archive?, How do I access .tar.Z
files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?
CAVEATS
TODO
Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives
to be passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened
filehandle of a compressed archive
SEE ALSO
The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specification
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT
Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from
Archive::Tar
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Accessors
name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname,
magic, version, uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw
Methods
Archive::Tar::File->new( file => $path )
Archive::Tar::File->new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
Archive::Tar::File->new( chunk => $chunk )
$bool = $file->extract( [ $alternative_name ] )
$path = $file->full_path
$bool = $file->validate
$bool = $file->has_content
$content = $file->get_content
$cref = $file->get_content_by_ref
$bool = $file->replace_content( $content )
$bool = $file->rename( $new_name )
$bool = $file->chmod( $mode )
$bool = $file->chown( $user [, $group])
Convenience methods
$file->is_file, $file->is_dir, $file->is_hardlink,
$file->is_symlink, $file->is_chardev, $file->is_blockdev,
$file->is_fifo, $file->is_socket, $file->is_longlink,
$file->is_label, $file->is_unknown
Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]
Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as "tie" interfaces
EXAMPLES
UTILITY FUNCTIONS
findsym
DIAGNOSTICS
"Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't handle
%s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash
with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one
subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal error: %s symbol went
missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"
AUTHOR
BUGS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
Forcing AutoLoader to Load a Function
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$keep, $check, $modtime
Multiple packages
DIAGNOSTICS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
B - The Perl Compiler Backend
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Utility Functions
Functions Returning "B::SV", "B::AV", "B::HV", and "B::CV" objects
sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF),
amagic_generation, init_av, check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av,
end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
Functions Returning "B::OP" objects or for walking op trees
main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD),
walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
Miscellaneous Utility Functions
ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
perlstring(STR), safename(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
Exported utility variables
@optype, @specialsv_name
OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
SV-RELATED CLASSES
B::SV Methods
REFCNT, FLAGS, IsBOOL, object_2svref, TRUE, TRUE_nomg
B::IV Methods
IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
B::NV Methods
NV, NVX, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW, COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH
B::RV Methods
RV
B::PV Methods
PV, RV, PVX, CUR, LEN
B::PVMG Methods
MAGIC, SvSTASH
B::MAGIC Methods
MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
B::INVLIST Methods
prev_index, is_offset, array_len, get_invlist_array
B::PVLV Methods
TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
B::BM Methods
USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
B::REGEXP Methods
REGEX, precomp, qr_anoncv, compflags
B::GV Methods
is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV,
CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS, GPFLAGS
B::IO Methods
LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME,
FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS,
IsSTD
B::AV Methods
FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt
B::CV Methods
STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE,
OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv, NAME_HEK
B::HV Methods
FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY
OP-RELATED CLASSES
B::OP Methods
next, sibling, parent, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt,
flags, private, spare
B::UNOP Method
first
B::UNOP_AUX Methods (since 5.22)
aux_list(cv), string(cv)
B::BINOP Method
last
B::LOGOP Method
other
B::LISTOP Method
children
B::PMOP Methods
pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmflags, precomp, pmoffset, code_list,
pmregexp
B::SVOP Methods
sv, gv
B::PADOP Method
padix
B::PVOP Method
pv
B::LOOP Methods
redoop, nextop, lastop
B::COP Methods
label, stash, stashpv, stashoff (threaded only), file, cop_seq,
line, warnings, io, hints, hints_hash
B::METHOP Methods (Since Perl 5.22)
first, meth_sv
PAD-RELATED CLASSES
B::PADLIST Methods
MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, NAMES, REFCNT, id, outid
B::PADNAMELIST Methods
MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, REFCNT
B::PADNAME Methods
PV, PVX, LEN, REFCNT, GEN, FLAGS, TYPE, SvSTASH, OURSTASH,
PROTOCV, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW, COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH,
PARENT_PAD_INDEX, PARENT_FAKELEX_FLAGS, IsUndef
$B::overlay
AUTHOR
B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
OPTIONS
Options for Opcode Ordering
-basic, -exec, -tree
Options for Line-Style
-concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env
Options for tree-specific formatting
-compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii
Options controlling sequence numbering
-basen, -bigendian, -littleendian
Other options
-src, -stash="somepackage", -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner,
-banneris => subref
Option Stickiness
ABBREVIATIONS
OP class abbreviations
OP flags abbreviations
FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
Special Patterns
(x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*),
(?(text1#varText2)?), ~
# Variables
#var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel,
#exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hints,
#hintsval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next,
#nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #opt, #sibaddr,
#svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife,
#typenum
One-Liner Command tips
perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5
-e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX
-MO=Concise,a -e 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX
-MO=Concise,a -e 'sub a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e
'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'
Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
Example: Altering Concise Renderings
set_style()
set_style_standard($name)
add_style ()
add_callback ()
Running B::Concise::compile()
B::Concise::reset_sequence()
Errors
AUTHOR
B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING.,
-xLEVEL
USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas
strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits,
warning_bits, %^H
coderef2text
BUGS
AUTHOR
B::Op_private - OP op_private flag definitions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
%bits
%defines
%labels
%ops_using
B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
OPTIONS
SEE ALSO
TODO
AUTHOR
B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
i, &, s, r
OPTIONS
"-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"
BUGS
AUTHOR
Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
new, debug, iters
Standard Exports
timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]]
), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1,
T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
Optional Exports
clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT,
CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ]
), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ),
timesum ( T1, T2 )
:hireswallclock
Benchmark Object
cpu_p, cpu_c, cpu_a, real, iters
NOTES
EXAMPLES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY
CORE - Namespace for Perl's core routines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode
Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules,
"get", "make", "test", "install", "clean" modules or
distributions, "readme", "perldoc", "look" module or
distribution, "ls" author, "ls" globbing_expression, "failed",
Persistence between sessions, The "force" and the "fforce"
pragma, Lockfile, Signals
CPAN::Shell
autobundle
hosts
install_tested, is_tested
mkmyconfig
r [Module|/Regexp/]...
recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
recompile
report Bundle|Distribution|Module
smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
upgrade [Module|/Regexp/]...
The four "CPAN::*" Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
Integrating local directories
Redirection
Plugin support ***EXPERIMENTAL***
CONFIGURATION
completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying
current values: o conf [KEY], changing of scalar values: o conf KEY
VALUE, changing of list values: o conf KEY
SHIFT|UNSHIFT|PUSH|POP|SPLICE|LIST, reverting to saved: o conf
defaults, saving the config: o conf commit
Config Variables
"o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option> <value>", "o
conf <list option>", "o conf <list option> [shift|pop]", "o conf
<list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>", interactive
editing: o conf init [MATCH|LIST]
CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd
cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, getdcwd, backtickcwd
Note on the format of the urllist parameter
The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
Maintaining the urllist parameter
The "requires" and "build_requires" dependency declarations
Configuration of the allow_installing_* parameters
Configuration for individual distributions (Distroprefs)
Filenames
Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
Blueprint
Language Specs
comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] ***
EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***, disabled [boolean], features [array]
*** EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***, goto [string], install [hash],
make [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test
[hash]
Processing Instructions
args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect
[array]
Schema verification with "Kwalify"
Example Distroprefs Files
PROGRAMMER'S INTERFACE
expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
Methods in the other Classes
CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(),
CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(),
CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(),
CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args),
CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(),
CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(),
CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(),
CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::author,
CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(), CPAN::Distribution::base_id(),
CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args),
CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(),
CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(),
CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(),
CPAN::Distribution::prefs(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(),
CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::reports(),
CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::distribution(),
CPAN::Module::dslip_status(),
CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(),
CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(),
CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(),
CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(),
CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(),
CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
Cache Manager
Bundles
PREREQUISITES
UTILITIES
Finding packages and VERSION
Debugging
o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug
number
Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
Basic Utilities for Programmers
has_inst($module), use_inst($module), has_usable($module),
instance($module), frontend(), frontend($new_frontend)
SECURITY
Cryptographically signed modules
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT
POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
Three basic types of firewalls
http firewall, ftp firewall, One-way visibility, SOCKS, IP
Masquerade
Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
FAQ 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15),
16), 17), 18), 19)
COMPATIBILITY
OLD PERL VERSIONS
CPANPLUS
CPANMINUS
SECURITY ADVICE
BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
TRANSLATIONS
SEE ALSO
CPAN::API::HOWTO - a recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
RECIPES
What distribution contains a particular module?
What modules does a particular distribution contain?
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR
CPAN::Debug - internal debugging for CPAN.pm
LICENSE
CPAN::Distroprefs -- read and match distroprefs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
a CPAN::Distroprefs::Result object, "undef", indicating that no
prefs files remain to be found
RESULTS
Common
Errors
Successes
PREFS
LICENSE
CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
allow_installing_module_downgrades, allow_installing_outdated_dists,
auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse,
build_requires_install_policy, cache_metadata, check_sigs,
cleanup_after_install, colorize_output, colorize_print, colorize_warn,
colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt, connect_to_internet_ok,
ftp_passive, ftpstats_period, ftpstats_size, getcwd, halt_on_failure,
histfile, histsize, inactivity_timeout, index_expire,
inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where, load_module_verbosity,
makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command,
mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg,
mbuild_install_build_command, pager, prefer_installer, prefs_dir,
prerequisites_policy, pushy_https, randomize_urllist, recommends_policy,
scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions, show_upload_date,
show_zero_versions, suggests_policy, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin,
term_ornaments, test_report, perl5lib_verbosity, prefer_external_tar,
trust_test_report_history, urllist_ping_external, urllist_ping_verbose,
use_prompt_default, use_sqlite, version_timeout, yaml_load_code,
yaml_module
LICENSE
CPAN::HandleConfig - internal configuration handling for CPAN.pm
"CLASS->safe_quote ITEM"
LICENSE
CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
_validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)
AUTHOR
LICENSE
CPAN::Meta - the distribution metadata for a CPAN dist
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
create
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
save
meta_spec_version
effective_prereqs
should_index_file
should_index_package
features
feature
as_struct
as_string
STRING DATA
LIST DATA
MAP DATA
CUSTOM DATA
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Converter - Convert CPAN distribution metadata structures
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
convert
upgrade_fragment
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Feature - an optional feature provided by a CPAN distribution
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
identifier
description
prereqs
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::History - history of CPAN Meta Spec changes
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
Version 2
Version 1.4
Version 1.3
Version 1.2
Version 1.1
Version 1.0
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0 - Version 1.0 metadata specification for
META.yml
PREFACE
DESCRIPTION
Format
Fields
name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source,
unrestricted, restrictive, distribution_type, requires, recommends,
build_requires, conflicts, dynamic_config, generated_by
Related Projects
DOAP
History
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1 - Version 1.1 metadata specification for
META.yml
PREFACE
DESCRIPTION
Format
Fields
name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source,
unrestricted, restrictive, license_uri, distribution_type, private,
requires, recommends, build_requires, conflicts, dynamic_config,
generated_by
Ingy's suggestions
short_description, description, maturity, author_id, owner_id,
categorization, keyword, chapter_id, URL for further
information, namespaces
History
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2 - Version 1.2 metadata specification for
META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module
VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted,
restrictive
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November
16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August
23, 2005
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3 - Version 1.3 metadata specification for
META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module
HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source,
perl, restrictive, unrestricted
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by
VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November
16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August
23, 2005
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4 - Version 1.4 metadata specification for
META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module
HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source,
perl, restrictive, unrestricted
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
configure_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by
VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November
16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August
23, 2005, June 12, 2007
CPAN::Meta::Merge - Merging CPAN Meta fragments
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
merge(@fragments)
MERGE STRATEGIES
identical, set_addition, uniq_map, improvise
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Prereqs - a set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
requirements_for
phases
types_in
with_merged_prereqs
merged_requirements
as_string_hash
is_finalized
finalize
clone
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Requirements - a set of version requirements for a CPAN dist
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
add_minimum
add_maximum
add_exclusion
exact_version
version_range_for_module
add_requirements
accepts_module
clear_requirement
requirements_for_module
structured_requirements_for_module
required_modules
clone
is_simple
is_finalized
finalize
as_string_hash
add_string_requirement
>= 1.3, <= 1.3, != 1.3, > 1.3, < 1.3, >= 1.3, != 1.5, <= 2.0
from_string_hash
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Requirements::Range - a set of version requirements for a CPAN
dist
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
with_string_requirement
>= 1.3, <= 1.3, != 1.3, > 1.3, < 1.3, >= 1.3, != 1.5, <= 2.0
with_range
with_exact_version
with_minimum
with_maximum
with_exclusion
as_struct
as_string
accepts
is_simple
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Spec - specification for CPAN distribution metadata
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module, package, consumer, producer, must, should,
may, etc
DATA TYPES
Boolean
String
List
Map
License String
URL
Version
Version Range
STRUCTURE
REQUIRED FIELDS
version, url, stable, testing, unstable
OPTIONAL FIELDS
file, directory, package, namespace, description, prereqs, file,
version, homepage, license, bugtracker, repository
DEPRECATED FIELDS
VERSION NUMBERS
Version Formats
Decimal versions, Dotted-integer versions
Version Ranges
PREREQUISITES
Prereq Spec
configure, build, test, runtime, develop, requires, recommends,
suggests, conflicts
Merging and Resolving Prerequisites
SERIALIZATION
NOTES FOR IMPLEMENTORS
Extracting Version Numbers from Perl Modules
Comparing Version Numbers
Prerequisites for dynamically configured distributions
Indexing distributions a la PAUSE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::Validator - validate CPAN distribution metadata structures
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
is_valid
errors
Check Methods
Validator Methods
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
CPAN::Meta::YAML - Read and write a subset of YAML for CPAN Meta files
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new( LOCAL_FILE_NAME )
continents()
countries( [CONTINENTS] )
mirrors( [COUNTRIES] )
get_mirrors_by_countries( [COUNTRIES] )
get_mirrors_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )
get_countries_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )
default_mirror
best_mirrors
get_n_random_mirrors_by_continents( N, [CONTINENTS] )
get_mirrors_timings( MIRROR_LIST, SEEN, CALLBACK, %ARGS );
find_best_continents( HASH_REF );
AUTHOR
LICENSE
CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
CPAN::Plugin - Base class for CPAN shell extensions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Alpha Status
How Plugins work?
METHODS
plugin_requires
distribution_object
distribution
distribution_info
build_dir
is_xs
AUTHOR
CPAN::Plugin::Specfile - Proof of concept implementation of a trivial
CPAN::Plugin
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
CPAN::Queue - internal queue support for CPAN.pm
LICENSE
CPAN::Tarzip - internal handling of tar archives for CPAN.pm
LICENSE
CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE
Carp - alternative warn and die for modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Forcing a Stack Trace
Stack Trace formatting
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Carp::MaxEvalLen
$Carp::MaxArgLen
$Carp::MaxArgNums
$Carp::Verbose
$Carp::RefArgFormatter
@CARP_NOT
%Carp::Internal
%Carp::CarpInternal
$Carp::CarpLevel
BUGS
SEE ALSO
CONTRIBUTING
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The struct() function
Class Creation at Compile Time
Element Types and Accessor Methods
Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'),
Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')
Initializing with "new"
EXAMPLES
Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
Author and Modification History
Compress::Raw::Bzip2 - Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bzip2 $appendOutput,
$blockSize100k, $workfactor;
$appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor
$status = $bz->bzdeflate($input, $output);
$status = $bz->bzflush($output);
$status = $bz->bzclose($output);
Example
Uncompression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bunzip2 $appendOutput,
$consumeInput, $small, $verbosity, $limitOutput;
$appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $limitOutput, $verbosity
$status = $z->bzinflate($input, $output);
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Bzip2::bzlibversion();
Constants
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib or zlib-ng compression
library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] )
-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary,
-Bufsize, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32
$status = $d->deflate($input, $output)
$status = $d->flush($output [, $flush_type])
$status = $d->deflateReset()
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])
-Level, -Strategy, -BufSize
$status = $d->deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy, $nice_length,
$max_chain)
$d->dict_adler()
$d->crc32()
$d->adler32()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
$d->get_Strategy()
$d->get_Level()
$d->get_BufSize()
Example
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] )
-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary, -AppendOutput, -CRC32,
-ADLER32, -ConsumeInput, -LimitOutput
$status = $i->inflate($input, $output [,$eof])
$status = $i->inflateSync($input)
$status = $i->inflateReset()
$i->dict_adler()
$i->crc32()
$i->adler32()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
$d->get_BufSize()
Examples
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlib_version();
my $version = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlibng_version();
my $flags = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlibCompileFlags();
is_zlib_native(); =head2 is_zlibng_native(); =head2
is_zlibng_compat(); =head2 is_zlibng();
The LimitOutput option.
ACCESSING ZIP FILES
FAQ
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
Zlib Library Version Support
CONSTANTS
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
GZIP INTERFACE
$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode), $gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode),
$bytesread = $gz->gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;, $bytesread =
$gz->gzreadline($line) ;, $byteswritten = $gz->gzwrite($buffer) ;,
$status = $gz->gzflush($flush_type) ;, $offset = $gz->gztell() ;,
$status = $gz->gzseek($offset, $whence) ;, $gz->gzclose,
$gz->gzsetparams($level, $strategy, $level, $strategy, $gz->gzerror,
$gzerrno
Examples
Compress::Zlib::memGzip
Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;, $dest = uncompress($source)
;
Deflate Interface
($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )
-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary,
-Bufsize
($out, $status) = $d->deflate($buffer)
($out, $status) = $d->flush() =head2 ($out, $status) =
$d->flush($flush_type)
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])
-Level, -Strategy
$d->dict_adler()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
Example
Inflate Interface
($i, $status) = inflateInit()
-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary
($out, $status) = $i->inflate($buffer)
$status = $i->inflateSync($buffer)
$i->dict_adler()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
Example
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Zlib::zlib_version();
CONSTANTS
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Config, =for comment Generated by configpm. Any changes made here will be
lost!
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names),
bincompat_options(), non_bincompat_options(), compile_date(),
local_patches(), header_files()
EXAMPLE
WARNING
GLOSSARY
P "PERL_API_REVISION", "PERL_API_SUBVERSION", "PERL_API_VERSION",
"PERL_CONFIG_SH", "PERL_PATCHLEVEL", "PERL_REVISION",
"PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION"
_ "_a", "_exe", "_o"
a "afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "aphostname", "api_revision",
"api_subversion", "api_version", "api_versionstring", "ar",
"archlib", "archlibexp", "archname", "archname64", "archobjs",
"asctime_r_proto", "awk"
b "baserev", "bash", "bin", "bin_ELF", "binexp", "bison", "byacc",
"byteorder"
c "c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags", "ccflags",
"ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion",
"cf_by", "cf_email", "cf_time", "charbits", "charsize", "chgrp",
"chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compiler_warning",
"compress", "config_arg0", "config_argc", "config_args", "contains",
"cp", "cpio", "cpp", "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags",
"cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cppsymbols",
"crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "ctermid_r_proto",
"ctime_r_proto"
d "d_Gconvert", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl",
"d_PRIXU64", "d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIgldbl",
"d_PRIi64", "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_SCNfldbl",
"d__fwalk", "d_accept4", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_acosh",
"d_aintl", "d_alarm", "d_archlib", "d_asctime64", "d_asctime_r",
"d_asinh", "d_atanh", "d_atolf", "d_atoll",
"d_attribute_always_inline", "d_attribute_deprecated",
"d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc", "d_attribute_nonnull",
"d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure", "d_attribute_unused",
"d_attribute_visibility", "d_attribute_warn_unused_result",
"d_backtrace", "d_bsd", "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp",
"d_builtin_add_overflow", "d_builtin_choose_expr",
"d_builtin_expect", "d_builtin_mul_overflow",
"d_builtin_sub_overflow", "d_c99_variadic_macros", "d_casti32",
"d_castneg", "d_cbrt", "d_chown", "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class",
"d_clearenv", "d_closedir", "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_copysign",
"d_copysignl", "d_cplusplus", "d_crypt", "d_crypt_r", "d_csh",
"d_ctermid", "d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime64", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid",
"d_dbminitproto", "d_difftime", "d_difftime64", "d_dir_dd_fd",
"d_dirfd", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dladdr", "d_dlerror", "d_dlopen",
"d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid", "d_double_has_inf", "d_double_has_nan",
"d_double_has_negative_zero", "d_double_has_subnormals",
"d_double_style_cray", "d_double_style_ibm", "d_double_style_ieee",
"d_double_style_vax", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2",
"d_dup3", "d_duplocale", "d_eaccess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r",
"d_endhent", "d_endhostent_r", "d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r",
"d_endpent", "d_endprotoent_r", "d_endpwent", "d_endpwent_r",
"d_endsent", "d_endservent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_erf", "d_erfc",
"d_eunice", "d_exp2", "d_expm1", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir",
"d_fchmod", "d_fchmodat", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl", "d_fcntl_can_lock",
"d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fdclose", "d_fdim", "d_fdopendir",
"d_fds_bits", "d_fegetround", "d_ffs", "d_ffsl", "d_fgetpos",
"d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flockproto",
"d_fma", "d_fmax", "d_fmin", "d_fork", "d_fp_class",
"d_fp_classify", "d_fp_classl", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpclass",
"d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpgetround", "d_fpos64_t",
"d_freelocale", "d_frexpl", "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos",
"d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello", "d_ftime",
"d_futimes", "d_gai_strerror", "d_gdbm_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes",
"d_gdbmndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_getaddrinfo", "d_getcwd",
"d_getenv_preserves_other_thread", "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat",
"d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r",
"d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent",
"d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r", "d_gethostbyname_r",
"d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlogin",
"d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent", "d_getnameinfo",
"d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnetbyaddr_r",
"d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r", "d_getnetprotos", "d_getpagsz",
"d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_getpent", "d_getpgid",
"d_getpgrp", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getppid", "d_getprior",
"d_getprotobyname_r", "d_getprotobynumber_r", "d_getprotoent_r",
"d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam", "d_getpwent", "d_getpwent_r",
"d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_getsbyname", "d_getsbyport",
"d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r", "d_getservbyport_r",
"d_getservent_r", "d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r",
"d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime64", "d_gmtime_r", "d_gnulibc",
"d_grpasswd", "d_has_C_UTF8", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl", "d_hypot",
"d_ilogb", "d_ilogbl", "d_inc_version_list", "d_inetaton",
"d_inetntop", "d_inetpton", "d_int64_t", "d_ip_mreq",
"d_ip_mreq_source", "d_ipv6_mreq", "d_ipv6_mreq_source",
"d_isascii", "d_isblank", "d_isfinite", "d_isfinitel", "d_isinf",
"d_isinfl", "d_isless", "d_isnan", "d_isnanl", "d_isnormal", "d_j0",
"d_j0l", "d_killpg", "d_lc_monetary_2008", "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig",
"d_ldexpl", "d_lgamma", "d_lgamma_r", "d_libm_lib_version",
"d_libname_unique", "d_link", "d_linkat", "d_llrint", "d_llrintl",
"d_llround", "d_llroundl", "d_localeconv_l", "d_localtime64",
"d_localtime_r", "d_localtime_r_needs_tzset", "d_locconv",
"d_lockf", "d_log1p", "d_log2", "d_logb",
"d_long_double_style_ieee", "d_long_double_style_ieee_doubledouble",
"d_long_double_style_ieee_extended", "d_long_double_style_ieee_std",
"d_long_double_style_vax", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lrint",
"d_lrintl", "d_lround", "d_lroundl", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat",
"d_madvise", "d_malloc_good_size", "d_malloc_size",
"d_malloc_usable_size", "d_mblen", "d_mbrlen", "d_mbrtowc",
"d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memmem", "d_memrchr", "d_mkdir",
"d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo", "d_mkostemp", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps",
"d_mktime", "d_mktime64", "d_mmap", "d_modfl", "d_modflproto",
"d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute",
"d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek", "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget",
"d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap",
"d_mymalloc", "d_nan", "d_nanosleep", "d_ndbm",
"d_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_nearbyint", "d_newlocale",
"d_nextafter", "d_nexttoward", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo",
"d_nl_langinfo_l", "d_non_int_bitfields", "d_nv_preserves_uv",
"d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t",
"d_old_pthread_create_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock",
"d_open3", "d_openat", "d_pathconf", "d_pause",
"d_perl_lc_all_category_positions_init", "d_perl_lc_all_separator",
"d_perl_lc_all_uses_name_value_pairs", "d_perl_otherlibdirs",
"d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_pipe2", "d_poll", "d_portable",
"d_prctl", "d_prctl_set_name", "d_printf_format_null",
"d_procselfexe", "d_pseudofork", "d_pthread_atfork",
"d_pthread_attr_setscope", "d_pthread_yield", "d_ptrdiff_t",
"d_pwage", "d_pwchange", "d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire",
"d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt", "d_quad",
"d_querylocale", "d_random_r", "d_re_comp", "d_readdir",
"d_readdir64_r", "d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv",
"d_recvmsg", "d_regcmp", "d_regcomp", "d_remainder", "d_remquo",
"d_rename", "d_renameat", "d_rewinddir", "d_rint", "d_rmdir",
"d_round", "d_sbrkproto", "d_scalbn", "d_scalbnl", "d_sched_yield",
"d_scm_rights", "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl",
"d_semctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop",
"d_sendmsg", "d_setegid", "d_setenv", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent",
"d_setgrent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_sethostent_r",
"d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale",
"d_setlocale_accepts_any_locale_name", "d_setlocale_r", "d_setnent",
"d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid", "d_setpgrp",
"d_setpgrp2", "d_setprior", "d_setproctitle", "d_setprotoent_r",
"d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r", "d_setregid", "d_setresgid",
"d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid", "d_setruid", "d_setsent",
"d_setservent_r", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf", "d_shm", "d_shmat",
"d_shmatprototype", "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget",
"d_sigaction", "d_siginfo_si_addr", "d_siginfo_si_band",
"d_siginfo_si_errno", "d_siginfo_si_fd", "d_siginfo_si_pid",
"d_siginfo_si_status", "d_siginfo_si_uid", "d_siginfo_si_value",
"d_signbit", "d_sigprocmask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sin6_scope_id",
"d_sitearch", "d_snprintf", "d_sockaddr_in6", "d_sockaddr_sa_len",
"d_sockaddr_storage", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto",
"d_socket", "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init", "d_sqrtl",
"d_srand48_r", "d_srandom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto",
"d_stat", "d_statblks", "d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s",
"d_static_inline", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval",
"d_stdio_ptr_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt",
"d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt", "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase",
"d_stdstdio", "d_strcoll", "d_strerror_l", "d_strerror_r",
"d_strftime", "d_strlcat", "d_strlcpy", "d_strnlen", "d_strtod",
"d_strtod_l", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtold_l", "d_strtoll",
"d_strtoq", "d_strtoul", "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm",
"d_strxfrm_l", "d_suidsafe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall",
"d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf", "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst",
"d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp", "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir",
"d_telldirproto", "d_tgamma", "d_thread_local", "d_time",
"d_timegm", "d_times", "d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone",
"d_tmpnam_r", "d_towlower", "d_towupper", "d_trunc", "d_truncate",
"d_truncl", "d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align", "d_ualarm",
"d_umask", "d_uname", "d_union_semun", "d_unlinkat", "d_unordered",
"d_unsetenv", "d_uselocale", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto", "d_ustat",
"d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vendorscript",
"d_vfork", "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty",
"d_vsnprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid", "d_wcrtomb", "d_wcscmp",
"d_wcstombs", "d_wcsxfrm", "d_wctomb", "d_writev", "d_xenix",
"date", "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major",
"db_version_minor", "db_version_patch", "default_inc_excludes_dot",
"direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doubleinfbytes", "doublekind",
"doublemantbits", "doublenanbytes", "doublesize", "drand01",
"drand48_r_proto", "dtrace", "dtraceobject", "dtracexnolibs",
"dynamic_ext"
e "eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "endgrent_r_proto",
"endhostent_r_proto", "endnetent_r_proto", "endprotoent_r_proto",
"endpwent_r_proto", "endservent_r_proto", "eunicefix", "exe_ext",
"expr", "extensions", "extern_C", "extras"
f "fflushNULL", "fflushall", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex",
"fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype", "from", "full_ar", "full_csh",
"full_sed"
g "gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "getgrent_r_proto",
"getgrgid_r_proto", "getgrnam_r_proto", "gethostbyaddr_r_proto",
"gethostbyname_r_proto", "gethostent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto",
"getnetbyaddr_r_proto", "getnetbyname_r_proto", "getnetent_r_proto",
"getprotobyname_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto",
"getprotoent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto",
"getpwuid_r_proto", "getservbyname_r_proto",
"getservbyport_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto", "getspnam_r_proto",
"gidformat", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake",
"gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat",
"groupstype", "gzip"
h "h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "hostgenerate",
"hostosname", "hostperl", "html1dir", "html1direxp", "html3dir",
"html3direxp"
i "i16size", "i16type", "i32dformat", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size",
"i64type", "i8size", "i8type", "i_arpainet", "i_bfd", "i_bsdioctl",
"i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent", "i_dlfcn", "i_execinfo",
"i_fcntl", "i_fenv", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm", "i_gdbm_ndbm",
"i_gdbmndbm", "i_grp", "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo",
"i_libutil", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_mallocmalloc",
"i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp",
"i_niin", "i_poll", "i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_quadmath",
"i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow", "i_socks", "i_stdbool",
"i_stdint", "i_stdlib", "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir",
"i_sysfile", "i_sysfilio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl", "i_syslog",
"i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam",
"i_syspoll", "i_sysresrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct",
"i_syssockio", "i_sysstat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs",
"i_syssyscall", "i_systime", "i_systimek", "i_systimes",
"i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysutsname", "i_sysvfs",
"i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios", "i_time", "i_unistd",
"i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_vfork", "i_wchar", "i_wctype", "i_xlocale",
"ignore_versioned_solibs", "inc_version_list",
"inc_version_list_init", "incpath", "incpth", "inews",
"initialinstalllocation", "installarchlib", "installbin",
"installhtml1dir", "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir",
"installman3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp",
"installprivlib", "installscript", "installsitearch",
"installsitebin", "installsitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir",
"installsitelib", "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir",
"installsitescript", "installstyle", "installusrbinperl",
"installvendorarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorhtml1dir",
"installvendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib", "installvendorman1dir",
"installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize",
"issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype"
k "known_extensions", "ksh"
l "ld", "ld_can_script", "lddlflags", "ldflags",
"ldflags_uselargefiles", "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc",
"libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles", "libsfound",
"libspath", "libswanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line",
"lint", "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth",
"loclibpth", "longdblinfbytes", "longdblkind", "longdblmantbits",
"longdblnanbytes", "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp",
"lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"
m "mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "mallocsrc",
"malloctype", "man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir",
"man3direxp", "man3ext", "mips_type", "mistrustnm", "mkdir",
"mmaptype", "modetype", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname",
"mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname"
n "n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type",
"netdb_name_type", "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt",
"nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nvEUformat", "nvFUformat", "nvGUformat",
"nv_overflows_integers_at", "nv_preserves_uv_bits", "nveformat",
"nvfformat", "nvgformat", "nvmantbits", "nvsize", "nvtype"
o "o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "optimize",
"orderlib", "osname", "osvers", "otherlibdirs"
p "package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep", "perl",
"perl5", "perl_lc_all_category_positions_init",
"perl_lc_all_separator", "perl_patchlevel", "perl_static_inline",
"perl_thread_local", "perladmin", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg",
"phostname", "pidtype", "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix",
"prefixexp", "privlib", "privlibexp", "procselfexe", "ptrsize"
q "quadkind", "quadtype"
r "randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ranlib",
"rd_nodata", "readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto", "revision",
"rm", "rm_try", "rmail", "run", "runnm"
s "sGMTIME_max", "sGMTIME_min", "sLOCALTIME_max", "sLOCALTIME_min",
"sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIFUldbl", "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIXU64", "sPRId64",
"sPRIeldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64",
"sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sSCNfldbl", "sched_yield", "scriptdir",
"scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc", "selectminbits", "selecttype",
"sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto", "sethostent_r_proto",
"setlocale_r_proto", "setnetent_r_proto", "setprotoent_r_proto",
"setpwent_r_proto", "setservent_r_proto", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang",
"shmattype", "shortsize", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count",
"sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init", "sig_size",
"signal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp",
"sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir",
"sitehtml3direxp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp",
"siteman1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir", "siteman3direxp",
"siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp",
"sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "smail", "so", "sockethdr",
"socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell",
"srand48_r_proto", "srandom_r_proto", "src", "ssizetype",
"st_dev_sign", "st_dev_size", "st_ino_sign", "st_ino_size",
"startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base",
"stdio_bufsiz", "stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr",
"stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto", "submit", "subversion",
"sysman", "sysroot"
t "tail", "taint_disabled", "taint_support", "tar", "targetarch",
"targetdir", "targetenv", "targethost", "targetmkdir", "targetport",
"targetsh", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl", "timetype",
"tmpnam_r_proto", "to", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff",
"ttyname_r_proto"
u "u16size", "u16type", "u32XUformat", "u32oformat", "u32size",
"u32type", "u32uformat", "u32xformat", "u64size", "u64type",
"u8size", "u8type", "uidformat", "uidsign", "uidsize", "uidtype",
"uname", "uniq", "uquadtype", "use64bitall", "use64bitint",
"usecbacktrace", "usecrosscompile", "usedefaultstrict", "usedevel",
"usedl", "usedtrace", "usefaststdio", "useithreads",
"usekernprocpathname", "uselanginfo", "uselargefiles",
"uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplicity",
"usemymalloc", "usenm", "usensgetexecutablepath", "useopcode",
"useperlio", "useposix", "usequadmath", "usereentrant",
"userelocatableinc", "useshrplib", "usesitecustomize", "usesocks",
"usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "useversionedarchname", "usevfork",
"usrinc", "uuname", "uvXUformat", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype",
"uvuformat", "uvxformat"
v "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp",
"vendorhtml1dir", "vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir",
"vendorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "vendorlibexp",
"vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir",
"vendorman3direxp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp",
"vendorscript", "vendorscriptexp", "version",
"version_patchlevel_string", "versiononly", "vi"
x "xlibpth", "xlocale_needed"
y "yacc", "yaccflags"
z "zcat", "zip"
GIT DATA
NOTE
Config::Extensions - hash lookup of which core extensions were built.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
dynamic, nonxs, static
AUTHOR
Config::Perl::V - Structured data retrieval of perl -V output
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$conf = myconfig ()
$conf = plv2hash ($text [, ...])
$info = summary ([$conf])
$md5 = signature ([$conf])
The hash structure
build, osname, stamp, options, derived, patches, environment,
config, inc
REASONING
BUGS
TODO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
getcwd and friends
getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
abs_path and friends
abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
$ENV{PWD}
NOTES
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Global Variables
$DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
$DB::lineno
API Methods
CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING),
CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(),
CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
Client Callback Methods
CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(),
CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]),
CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
CLIENT->output(LIST)
BUGS
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What is a DBM Filter?
So what's new?
METHODS
$db->Filter_Push() / $db->Filter_Key_Push() /
$db->Filter_Value_Push()
Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
$db->Filter_Pop()
$db->Filtered()
Writing a Filter
Immediate Filters
Canned Filters
"name", params
Filters Included
utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
NOTES
Maintain Round Trip Integrity
Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
EXAMPLE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO
Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
Interface to Berkeley DB
Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
Default Parameters
In Memory Databases
DB_HASH
A Simple Example
DB_BTREE
Changing the BTREE sort order
Handling Duplicate Keys
The get_dup() Method
The find_dup() Method
The del_dup() Method
Matching Partial Keys
DB_RECNO
The 'bval' Option
A Simple Example
Extra RECNO Methods
$X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift,
$X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length,
elements);
Another Example
THE API INTERFACE
$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status =
$X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [,
$flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value,
$flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;
DBM FILTERS
DBM Filter Low-level API
filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key,
filter_fetch_value
The Filter
An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example -- Key is a C int.
HINTS AND TIPS
Locking: The Trouble with fd
Safe ways to lock a database
Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock
Sharing Databases With C Applications
The untie() Gotcha
COMMON QUESTIONS
Why is there Perl source in my database?
How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
What does "wide character in subroutine entry" mean?
What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
REFERENCES
HISTORY
BUGS
SUPPORT
AVAILABILITY
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing
and "eval"
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or
PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]),
$OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset
Functions
Dumper(LIST)
Configuration Variables or Methods
Exports
Dumper
EXAMPLES
BUGS
NOTE
AUTHOR
VERSION
SEE ALSO
Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
SYNOPSIS
Start using Devel::PPPort for XS projects
DESCRIPTION
Why use ppport.h?
How to use ppport.h
Running ppport.h
FUNCTIONS
WriteFile
GetFileContents
COMPATIBILITY
Provided Perl compatibility API
Supported Perl API, sorted by version
perl 5.35.9, perl 5.35.8, perl 5.35.7, perl 5.35.6, perl 5.35.5,
perl 5.35.4, perl 5.35.1, perl 5.33.8, perl 5.33.7, perl 5.33.5,
perl 5.33.2, perl 5.32.1, perl 5.31.9, perl 5.31.7, perl 5.31.5,
perl 5.31.4, perl 5.31.3, perl 5.29.10, perl 5.29.9, perl
5.27.11, perl 5.27.9, perl 5.27.8, perl 5.27.7, perl 5.27.6,
perl 5.27.5, perl 5.27.4, perl 5.27.3, perl 5.27.2, perl 5.27.1,
perl 5.25.11, perl 5.25.10, perl 5.25.9, perl 5.25.8, perl
5.25.7, perl 5.25.6, perl 5.25.5, perl 5.25.4, perl 5.25.3, perl
5.25.2, perl 5.25.1, perl 5.24.0, perl 5.23.9, perl 5.23.8, perl
5.23.6, perl 5.23.5, perl 5.23.2, perl 5.23.0, perl 5.21.10,
perl 5.21.9, perl 5.21.8, perl 5.21.7, perl 5.21.6, perl 5.21.5,
perl 5.21.4, perl 5.21.3, perl 5.21.2, perl 5.21.1, perl
5.19.10, perl 5.19.9, perl 5.19.7, perl 5.19.5, perl 5.19.4,
perl 5.19.3, perl 5.19.2, perl 5.19.1, perl 5.18.0, perl
5.17.11, perl 5.17.8, perl 5.17.7, perl 5.17.6, perl 5.17.5,
perl 5.17.4, perl 5.17.2, perl 5.17.1, perl 5.16.0, perl 5.15.8,
perl 5.15.7, perl 5.15.6, perl 5.15.4, perl 5.15.3, perl 5.15.2,
perl 5.15.1, perl 5.13.10, perl 5.13.9, perl 5.13.8, perl
5.13.7, perl 5.13.6, perl 5.13.5, perl 5.13.4, perl 5.13.3, perl
5.13.2, perl 5.13.1, perl 5.13.0, perl 5.11.5, perl 5.11.4, perl
5.11.2, perl 5.11.0, perl 5.10.1, perl 5.10.0, perl 5.9.5, perl
5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl
5.8.9, perl 5.8.8, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl
5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.7.0, perl 5.6.1, perl
5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004,
perl 5.003_07 (or maybe earlier), Backported version unknown
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Runtime debugging
Memory footprint debugging
EXAMPLES
A simple scalar string
A simple scalar number
A simple scalar with an extra reference
A reference to a simple scalar
A reference to an array
A reference to a hash
Dumping a large array or hash
A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
A reference to a subroutine
EXPORTS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
binary, hex, base64
OO INTERFACE
$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...),
$ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone,
$ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ),
$ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ),
$ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest,
$ctx->b64digest, $ctx->base64_padded_digest
Digest speed
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
METHODS
$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone,
$md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle),
$md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring),
$md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest, @ctx =
$md5->context, $md5->context(@ctx)
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHORS
Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
UNICODE AND SIDE EFFECTS
NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
EXPORT
EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
sha1($data, ...), sha224($data, ...), sha256($data, ...),
sha384($data, ...), sha512($data, ...), sha512224($data, ...),
sha512256($data, ...), sha1_hex($data, ...), sha224_hex($data, ...),
sha256_hex($data, ...), sha384_hex($data, ...), sha512_hex($data,
...), sha512224_hex($data, ...), sha512256_hex($data, ...),
sha1_base64($data, ...), sha224_base64($data, ...),
sha256_base64($data, ...), sha384_base64($data, ...),
sha512_base64($data, ...), sha512224_base64($data, ...),
sha512256_base64($data, ...), new($alg), reset($alg), hashsize,
algorithm, clone, add($data, ...), add_bits($data, $nbits),
add_bits($bits), addfile(*FILE), addfile($filename [, $mode]),
getstate, putstate($str), dump($filename), load($filename), digest,
hexdigest, b64digest, hmac_sha1($data, $key), hmac_sha224($data,
$key), hmac_sha256($data, $key), hmac_sha384($data, $key),
hmac_sha512($data, $key), hmac_sha512224($data, $key),
hmac_sha512256($data, $key), hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha512224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha512256_base64($data, $key)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Digest::base - Digest base class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex(
$file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file,
$algorithm, [$arg,...] )
SEE ALSO
DirHandle - (obsolete) supply object methods for directory handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Creation
"arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact",
"globPrint", "dumpDBFiles", "dumpPackages", "dumpReused",
"tick", "quoteHighBit", "printUndef", "usageOnly", unctrl,
subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal
Methods
dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote,
set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols,
@dl_librefs, @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug,
$dl_dlext, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(),
dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
bootstrap()
AUTHOR
Encode - character encodings in Perl
SYNOPSIS
Table of Contents
Encode::Alias - Alias definitions to encodings, Encode::Encoding
- Encode Implementation Base Class, Encode::Supported - List of
Supported Encodings, Encode::CN - Simplified Chinese Encodings,
Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings, Encode::KR - Korean Encodings,
Encode::TW - Traditional Chinese Encodings
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
THE PERL ENCODING API
Basic methods
Listing available encodings
Defining Aliases
Finding IANA Character Set Registry names
Encoding via PerlIO
Handling Malformed Data
List of CHECK values
perlqq mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode
(CHECK = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (CHECK =
Encode::FB_XMLCREF)
coderef for CHECK
Defining Encodings
The UTF8 flag
Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
Messing with Perl's Internals
UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
COPYRIGHT
Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As
a code reference, e.g.:
Alias overloading
SEE ALSO
Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
Description
Predefined Methods
$e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
$e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]),
$e->bytes([$encoding])
Example: base64 transcoder
Operator Overloading
SEE ALSO
Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods you should implement
->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]),
->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator
[,$check])
Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
->name, ->mime_name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(),
->needs_lines()
Example: Encode::ROT13
Why the heck Encode API is different?
Compiled Encodings
SEE ALSO
Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
Encode::GSM0338 -- ETSI GSM 03.38 Encoding
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Septets
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])
CAVEATS
TO DO
SEE ALSO
Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME encoding for an unstructured email header
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally used by Encode
SEE ALSO
Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
Overview
How does it work?
Line Buffering
How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
SEE ALSO
Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
DESCRIPTION
Encoding Names
Supported Encodings
Built-in Encodings
Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto
Standard for the Cyrillic world
gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
gsm0338 support before 2.19
CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR
-- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese
via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
Miscellaneous encodings
Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbol, Encode::MIME::Header,
Encode::Guess
Unsupported encodings
ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
Microsoft-related naming mess
KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
Glossary
character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding
scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2,
Unicode, UTF, UTF-16
See Also
References
ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by
IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
Other Notable Sites
czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
"Introduction to i18n"
Offline sources
"CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde
Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
Size, Endianness, and BOM
by size
by endianness
BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
Surrogate Pairs
Error Checking
SEE ALSO
Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
In Practice
SEE ALSO
English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PERFORMANCE
Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR
Errno - System errno constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How to Export
Selecting What to Export
How to Import
"use YourModule;", "use YourModule ();", "use YourModule
qw(...);"
Advanced Features
Specialised Import Lists
Exporting Without Using Exporter's import Method
Exporting Without Inheriting from Exporter
Module Version Checking
Managing Unknown Symbols
Tag Handling Utility Functions
Generating Combined Tags
"AUTOLOAD"ed Constants
Good Practices
Declaring @EXPORT_OK and Friends
Playing Safe
What Not to Export
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new, have_compiler, have_cplusplus, compile, "object_file",
"include_dirs", "extra_compiler_flags", "C++", link, lib_file,
module_name, extra_linker_flags, link_executable, exe_file,
object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, need_prelink,
extra_link_args_after_prelink
TO DO
HISTORY
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows platforms
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles
etc.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
cat
eqtime
rm_rf
rm_f
touch
mv
cp
chmod
mkpath
test_f
test_d
dos2unix
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
test_harness
pod2man
warn_if_old_packlist
perllocal_install
uninstall
test_s
cp_nonempty
ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
FUNCTIONS
constant_types
XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
WriteMakefileSnippet
WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, PROXYSUBS, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, XS_SUBNAME,
C_SUBNAME
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
header
memEQ_clause args_hashref
dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..
assign arg_hashref, VALUE..
return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM
switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
params WHAT
dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..
normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..
C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight
BUGS
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
C_stringify NAME
perl_stringify NAME
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Constant::XS - generate C code for XS modules' constants.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@EXPORT
FUNCTIONS
xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(),
ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules),
xsi_body(@modules)
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
_chmod($$;$)
_warnonce(@)
_choke(@)
_move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )
_unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )
Functions
_get_install_skip
_have_write_access
_can_write_dir($dir)
_mkpath($dir,$show,$verbose,$dry_run)
_copy($from,$to,$verbose,$dry_run)
_chdir($from)
install
_do_cleanup
install_rooted_file( $file )
install_rooted_dir( $dir )
forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )
directory_not_empty( $dir )
install_default
uninstall
inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$dry_run,$ignore,$results)
run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)
pm_to_blib
_autosplit
_invokant
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_INSTALL_ROOT, EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP, EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE,
EU_INSTALL_ALWAYS_COPY
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
METHODS
new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(),
validate(), packlist(), version()
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time,
For dynamic extensions at load time
EXTRALIBS
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
BSLOADLIBS
PORTABILITY
VMS implementation
Win32 implementation
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Cross-platform helper methods
Targets
Init methods
Tools
File::Spec wrappers
Misc
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
os_flavor
init_linker
ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
os_flavor
cflags
replace_manpage_separator
init_linker
maybe_command
dynamic_lib
install
ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
os_flavor
replace_manpage_separator
xs_static_lib_is_xs
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_Darwin - special behaviors for OS X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden Methods
ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
os_flavor
init_platform, platform_constants
static_lib_pure_cmd
xs_static_lib_is_xs
dynamic_lib
ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
init_dist
init_linker
os_flavor
xs_static_lib_is_xs
ExtUtils::MM_OS390 - OS390 specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overriden methods
xs_make_dynamic_lib
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
os_flavor
replace_manpage_separator
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Methods
os_flavor
c_o (o)
xs_obj_opt
dbgoutflag
cflags (o)
const_cccmd (o)
const_config (o)
const_loadlibs (o)
constants (o)
depend (o)
init_DEST
init_dist
dist (o)
dist_basics (o)
dist_ci (o)
dist_core (o)
dist_target
tardist_target
zipdist_target
tarfile_target
zipfile_target
uutardist_target
shdist_target
dlsyms (o)
dynamic_bs (o)
dynamic_lib (o)
xs_dynamic_lib_macros
xs_make_dynamic_lib
exescan
extliblist
find_perl
fixin
force (o)
guess_name
has_link_code
init_dirscan
init_MANPODS
init_MAN1PODS
init_MAN3PODS
init_PM
init_DIRFILESEP
init_main
init_tools
init_linker
init_lib2arch
init_PERL
init_platform, platform_constants
init_PERM
init_xs
install (o)
installbin (o)
linkext (o)
lsdir
macro (o)
makeaperl (o)
xs_static_lib_is_xs (o)
makefile (o)
maybe_command
needs_linking (o)
parse_abstract
parse_version
pasthru (o)
perl_script
perldepend (o)
pm_to_blib
ppd
prefixify
processPL (o)
specify_shell
quote_paren
replace_manpage_separator
cd
oneliner
quote_literal
escape_newlines
max_exec_len
static (o)
xs_make_static_lib
static_lib_closures
static_lib_fixtures
static_lib_pure_cmd
staticmake (o)
subdir_x (o)
subdirs (o)
test (o)
test_via_harness (override)
test_via_script (override)
tool_xsubpp (o)
all_target
top_targets (o)
writedoc
xs_c (o)
xs_cpp (o)
xs_o (o)
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods always loaded
wraplist
Methods
guess_name (override)
find_perl (override)
_fixin_replace_shebang (override)
maybe_command (override)
pasthru (override)
pm_to_blib (override)
perl_script (override)
replace_manpage_separator
init_DEST
init_DIRFILESEP
init_main (override)
init_tools (override)
init_platform (override)
platform_constants
init_VERSION (override)
constants (override)
special_targets
cflags (override)
const_cccmd (override)
tools_other (override)
init_dist (override)
c_o (override)
xs_c (override)
xs_o (override)
_xsbuild_replace_macro (override)
_xsbuild_value (override)
dlsyms (override)
xs_obj_opt
dynamic_lib (override)
xs_make_static_lib (override)
static_lib_pure_cmd (override)
xs_static_lib_is_xs
extra_clean_files
zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target
install (override)
perldepend (override)
makeaperl (override)
maketext_filter (override)
prefixify (override)
cd
oneliner
echo
quote_literal
escape_dollarsigns
escape_all_dollarsigns
escape_newlines
max_exec_len
init_linker
catdir (override), catfile (override)
eliminate_macros
fixpath
os_flavor
is_make_type (override)
make_type (override)
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
dlsyms
xs_dlsyms_ext
replace_manpage_separator
maybe_command
init_DIRFILESEP
init_tools
init_others
init_platform, platform_constants
specify_shell
constants
special_targets
static_lib_pure_cmd
dynamic_lib
extra_clean_files
init_linker
perl_script
quote_dep
xs_obj_opt
pasthru
arch_check (override)
oneliner
cd
max_exec_len
os_flavor
dbgoutflag
cflags
make_type
ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
max_exec_len
os_flavor
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How To Write A Makefile.PL
Default Makefile Behaviour
make test
make testdb
make install
INSTALL_BASE
PREFIX and LIB attribute
AFS users
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
Which architecture dependent directory?
Using Attributes and Parameters
ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION,
BUILD_REQUIRES, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE,
CONFIGURE_REQUIRES, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME,
DLEXT, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES,
FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST,
FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR,
INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN,
INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR,
INSTALLSITESCRIPT, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN,
INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR,
INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB,
INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM,
LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAGICXS, MAKE,
MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
META_ADD, META_MERGE, MIN_PERL_VERSION, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_MYMETA,
NO_PACKLIST, NO_PERLLOCAL, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK,
PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_DIR, PERM_RW,
PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE,
PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PPM_UNINSTALL_EXEC,
PPM_UNINSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM,
PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP,
TEST_REQUIRES, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION,
VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSBUILD, XSMULTI, XSOPT,
XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
Additional lowercase attributes
clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble,
realclean, test, tool_autosplit
Overriding MakeMaker Methods
The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
"MAN3PODS => ' '"
Hintsfile support
Distribution Support
make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make veryclean,
make manifest, make distdir, make disttest, make tardist,
make dist, make uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
Module Meta-Data (META and MYMETA)
Disabling an extension
Other Handy Functions
prompt, os_unsupported
Supported versions of Perl
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
DESCRIPTION
Module Installation
How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get
MakeMaker and Module::Build to install to the same place?, How
do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module
without installing it?, How can I organize tests into
subdirectories and have them run?, PREFIX vs INSTALL_BASE from
Module::Build::Cookbook, Generating *.pm files with
substitutions eg of $VERSION
Common errors and problems
"No rule to make target `/usr/lib/perl5/CORE/config.h', needed
by `Makefile'"
Philosophy and History
Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure
perl. no make, no shell commands, easier to customize,
cleaner internals, less cruft
Module Writing
How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it
manually?, What's this META.yml thing and how did it get in my
MANIFEST?!, How do I delete everything not in my MANIFEST?,
Which tar should I use on Windows?, Which zip should I use on
Windows for '[ndg]make zipdist'?
XS How do I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap
parameter Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files
coexist in the same directory?, XSMULTI, Separate directories,
Bootstrapping
DESIGN
MakeMaker object hierarchy (simplified)
MakeMaker object hierarchy (real)
The MM_* hierarchy
PATCHING
make a pull request on the MakeMaker github repository, raise a
issue on the MakeMaker github repository, file an RT ticket, email
makemaker@perl.org
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale - bundled Encode::Locale
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
decode_argv( ), decode_argv( Encode::FB_CROAK ), env( $uni_key ),
env( $uni_key => $uni_value ), reinit( ), reinit( $encoding ),
$ENCODING_LOCALE, $ENCODING_LOCALE_FS, $ENCODING_CONSOLE_IN,
$ENCODING_CONSOLE_OUT
NOTES
Windows
Mac OS X
POSIX (Linux and other Unixes)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Mantra
The Layout
Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL,
MANIFEST.SKIP, bin/
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::Manifest - Utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
mkmanifest
manifind
manicheck
filecheck
fullcheck
skipcheck
maniread
maniskip
manicopy
maniadd
MANIFEST
MANIFEST.SKIP
#!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip
EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS
"Not in MANIFEST:" file, "Skipping" file, "No such file:" file,
"MANIFEST:" $!, "Added to MANIFEST:" file
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
ExtUtils::Miniperl - write the C code for miniperlmain.c and perlmain.c
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
AUTHOR
REVISION
ExtUtils::PL2Bat - Batch file creation to run perl scripts on Windows
VERSION
OVERVIEW
FUNCTIONS
pl2bat(%opts)
"in", "out", "ntargs", "otherargs", "stripsuffix",
"usewarnings", "update"
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
mkfh()
__find_relocations
ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS
new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
METHODS
$pxs->new(), $pxs->process_file(), C++, hiertype, except, typemap,
prototypes, versioncheck, linenumbers, optimize, inout, argtypes, s,
die_on_error, $pxs->report_error_count()
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants - Initialization values for some globals
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval - Clean package to evaluate code in
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINES
$pxs->eval_output_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)
$pxs->eval_input_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)
TODO
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities - Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINES
standard_typemap_locations()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
trim_whitespace()
Purpose, Argument, Return Value
C_string()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
valid_proto_string()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
process_typemaps()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
map_type()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
standard_XS_defs()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
assign_func_args()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
analyze_preprocessor_statements()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
set_cond()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
current_line_number()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
Warn()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
WarnHint()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
_MsgHint()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
blurt()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
death()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
check_conditional_preprocessor_statements()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
escape_file_for_line_directive()
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
"report_typemap_failure"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value
ExtUtils::Typemaps - Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
file
add_typemap
add_inputmap
add_outputmap
add_string
remove_typemap
remove_inputmap
remove_outputmap
get_typemap
get_inputmap
get_outputmap
write
as_string
as_embedded_typemap
merge
is_empty
list_mapped_ctypes
_get_typemap_hash
_get_inputmap_hash
_get_outputmap_hash
_get_prototype_hash
clone
tidy_type
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd - Quick commands for handling typemaps
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
embeddable_typemap
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap - Entry in the INPUT section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap - Entry in the OUTPUT section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
targetable
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type - Entry in the TYPEMAP section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
proto
xstype
ctype
tidy_ctype
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Fatal - Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
SYNOPSIS
BEST PRACTICE
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Bad subroutine name for Fatal: %s, %s is not a Perl subroutine, %s
is neither a builtin, nor a Perl subroutine, Cannot make the non-
overridable %s fatal, Internal error: %s
BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Fcntl - various flag constants and helper functions from C's fcntl.h
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTED SYMBOLS
Default exports and export tags
":DEFAULT", ":flock", ":mode", ":seek", ":Fcompat"
Symbols for use with "fcntl"
"F_ALLOCSP", "F_ALLOCSP64", "F_DUP2FD", "F_DUPFD", "F_FREESP",
"F_FREESP64", "F_FSYNC", "F_FSYNC64", "F_GETFD", "FD_CLOEXEC",
"F_GETFL", "F_GETLEASE", "F_RDLCK", "F_WRLCK", "F_UNLCK",
"F_GETLK", "F_GETLK64", "F_GETOWN", "F_GETPIPE_SZ", "F_GETSIG",
"F_NOTIFY", "DN_ACCESS", "DN_ATTRIB", "DN_CREATE", "DN_DELETE",
"DN_MODIFY", "DN_MULTISHOT", "DN_RENAME", "F_SETFD", "F_SETFL",
"F_SETLEASE", "F_RDLCK", "F_WRLCK", "F_UNLCK", "F_SETLK",
"F_SETLK64", "F_SETLKW", "F_SETLKW64", "F_SETOWN",
"F_SETPIPE_SZ", "F_SETSIG", "F_SHARE", "F_UNSHARE", "F_COMPAT",
"F_EXLCK", "F_NODNY", "F_POSIX", "F_RDACC", "F_RDDNY",
"F_RWACC", "F_RWDNY", "F_SHLCK", "F_WRACC", "F_WRDNY"
Symbols for use with "flock"
"LOCK_EX", "LOCK_MAND", "LOCK_NB", "LOCK_READ", "LOCK_RW",
"LOCK_SH", "LOCK_UN", "LOCK_WRITE"
Symbols for use with "sysopen"
"O_ACCMODE", "O_ALIAS", "O_ALT_IO", "O_APPEND", "O_ASYNC",
"O_BINARY", "O_CREAT", "O_DEFER", "O_DIRECT", "O_DIRECTORY",
"O_DSYNC", "O_EVTONLY", "O_EXCL", "O_EXLOCK", "O_IGNORE_CTTY",
"O_LARGEFILE", "O_NDELAY", "O_NOATIME", "O_NOCTTY",
"O_NOFOLLOW", "O_NOINHERIT", "O_NOLINK", "O_NONBLOCK",
"O_NOSIGPIPE", "O_NOTRANS", "O_RANDOM", "O_RAW", "O_RDONLY",
"O_RDWR", "O_RSRC", "O_RSYNC", "O_SEQUENTIAL", "O_SHLOCK",
"O_SYMLINK", "O_SYNC", "O_TEMPORARY", "O_TEXT", "O_TMPFILE",
"O_TRUNC", "O_TTY_INIT", "O_WRONLY", "FAPPEND", "FASYNC",
"FCREAT", "FDEFER", "FDSYNC", "FEXCL", "FLARGEFILE", "FNDELAY",
"FNONBLOCK", "FRSYNC", "FSYNC", "FTRUNC"
Symbols for use with "seek" and "sysseek"
"SEEK_CUR", "SEEK_END", "SEEK_SET"
Symbols for use with "stat" and "chmod"
"S_ENFMT", "S_IEXEC", "S_IFBLK", "S_IFCHR", "S_IFDIR",
"S_IFIFO", "S_IFLNK", "S_IFMT", "_S_IFMT", "S_IFREG",
"S_IFSOCK", "S_IFWHT", "S_IMODE", "S_IREAD", "S_IRGRP",
"S_IROTH", "S_IRUSR", "S_IRWXG", "S_IRWXO", "S_IRWXU",
"S_ISBLK", "S_ISCHR", "S_ISDIR", "S_ISENFMT", "S_ISFIFO",
"S_ISGID", "S_ISLNK", "S_ISREG", "S_ISSOCK", "S_ISTXT",
"S_ISUID", "S_ISVTX", "S_ISWHT", "S_IWGRP", "S_IWOTH",
"S_IWRITE", "S_IWUSR", "S_IXGRP", "S_IXOTH", "S_IXUSR"
SEE ALSO
APPENDIX A
File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"fileparse"
"basename"
"dirname"
"fileparse_set_fstype"
SEE ALSO
File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN
AUTHOR
File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
copy , move , syscopy , rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
RETURN
NOTES
AUTHOR
File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS (by request only)
BUGS
AUTHOR
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS
$ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path,
$ff->file, $ff->file_default
$ff->output_file
METHODS
$ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt'
);
$where = $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/ | \$scalar] )
$ff->error([BOOL])
HOW IT WORKS
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
$File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
$File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
$File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
$File::Fetch::WARN
$File::Fetch::DEBUG
$File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
$File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL
MAPPING
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII
characters in them. What do I do?
TODO
Implement $PREFER_BIN
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
find, finddepth
%options
"wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess", "follow",
"follow_fast", "follow_skip", "dangling_symlinks", "no_chdir",
"untaint", "untaint_pattern", "untaint_skip"
The wanted function
$File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the
current filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the
complete pathname to the file
WARNINGS
BUGS AND CAVEATS
$dont_use_nlink, Symlinks
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
META CHARACTERS
EXPORTS
POSIX FLAGS
"GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_LIMIT", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE",
"GLOB_NOCHECK", "GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE", "GLOB_NOMAGIC",
"GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE", "GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT"
DIAGNOSTICS
"GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND"
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behind The Scenes
Limitations
Input File Glob
~, ~user, ., *, ?, \, [], {,}, ()
Output File Glob
"*", #1
Returned Data
EXAMPLES
A Rename script
A few example globmaps
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
File::Path - Create or remove directory trees
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ....,
\%opts ), mode => $num, chmod => $num, verbose => $bool, error =>
\$err, owner => $owner, user => $owner, uid => $owner, group =>
$group, mkpath( $dir ), mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode ), mkpath(
[$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,...,
\%opt ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), remove_tree( $dir1,
$dir2, ...., \%opts ), verbose => $bool, safe => $bool, keep_root =>
$bool, result => \$res, error => \$err, rmtree( $dir ), rmtree(
$dir, $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe
), rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt )
ERROR HANDLING
NOTE:
NOTES
<http://cve.circl.lu/cve/CVE-2004-0452>,
<http://cve.circl.lu/cve/CVE-2005-0448>
DIAGNOSTICS
mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE), No root path(s) specified, No such
file or directory, cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg],
cannot stat initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to
[dir]: [errmsg], directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected
dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot
make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]:
[errmsg], cannot reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg], cannot remove [dir]
when cwd is [dir], cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]:
[errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), cannot stat prior working directory
[dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), previous directory [parent-dir]
changed before entering [child-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n],
actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory
[dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove directory [dir]: [errmsg],
cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], cannot make
file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file [file]:
[errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg],
unable to map [owner] to a uid, ownership not changed");, unable to
map [group] to a gid, group ownership not changed
SEE ALSO
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
MULTITHREADED APPLICATIONS
NFS Mount Points
REPORTING BUGS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
<bulkdd@cpan.org>, Charlie Gonzalez <itcharlie@cpan.org>, Craig A.
Berry <craigberry@mac.com>, James E Keenan <jkeenan@cpan.org>, John
Lightsey <john@perlsec.org>, Nigel Horne <njh@bandsman.co.uk>,
Richard Elberger <riche@cpan.org>, Ryan Yee <ryee@cpan.org>, Skye
Shaw <shaw@cpan.org>, Tom Lutz <tommylutz@gmail.com>, Will Sheppard
<willsheppard@github>
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath , catdir , catfile , curdir , devnull , rootdir , tmpdir ,
updir , no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path ,
join , splitpath , splitdir
, catpath(), abs2rel , rel2abs()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
File::Spec::AmigaOS - File::Spec for AmigaOS
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
tmpdir
file_name_is_absolute
File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
canonpath
file_name_is_absolute
tmpdir (override)
case_tolerant
COPYRIGHT
File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
canonpath()
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Exports
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath
catdir()
catfile
curdir
devnull
rootdir
tmpdir
updir
file_name_is_absolute
path
splitpath
splitdir
catpath
abs2rel
rel2abs
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
tmpdir, splitpath
COPYRIGHT
File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath()
catdir()
catfile
curdir
devnull
rootdir
tmpdir
updir
no_upwards
case_tolerant
file_name_is_absolute
path
join
splitpath
splitdir
catpath()
abs2rel
rel2abs()
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
canonpath (override)
catdir (override)
catfile (override)
curdir (override)
devnull (override)
rootdir (override)
tmpdir (override)
updir (override)
case_tolerant (override)
path (override)
file_name_is_absolute (override)
splitpath (override)
splitdir (override)
catpath (override)
abs2rel (override)
rel2abs (override)
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
devnull
tmpdir
case_tolerant
file_name_is_absolute
catfile
canonpath
splitpath
splitdir
catpath
Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PORTABILITY
OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
new, newdir, filename, dirname, unlink_on_destroy, DESTROY
FUNCTIONS
tempfile, tempdir
MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
mkstemp, mkstemps, mkdtemp, mktemp
POSIX FUNCTIONS
tmpnam, tmpfile
ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
tempnam
UTILITY FUNCTIONS
unlink0, cmpstat, unlink1, cleanup
PACKAGE VARIABLES
safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH, TopSystemUID, $KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG
WARNING
Temporary files and NFS
Forking
Directory removal
Taint mode
BINMODE
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
ERRORS
-%s is not implemented on a File::stat object
WARNINGS
File::stat ignores use filetest 'access', File::stat ignores VMS
ACLs
NOTE
AUTHOR
FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
CAVEATS
BUGS
FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
SEE ALSO
Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Problem
A Solution
Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
All-in-one interface
Filtering only specific components of source code
"code", "code_no_comments", "executable",
"executable_no_comments", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all"
Filtering only the code parts of source code
Using Filter::Simple with an explicit "import" subroutine
Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
How it works
AUTHOR
CONTACT
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use Filter::Util::Call
import()
filter_add()
filter() and anonymous sub
$_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del,
real_import, unimport()
LIMITATIONS
__DATA__ is ignored, Max. codesize limited to 32-bit
EXAMPLES
Example 1: A simple filter.
Example 2: Using the context
Example 3: Using the context within the filter
Example 4: Using filter_del
Filter::Simple
AUTHOR
DATE
LICENSE
FindBin - Locate directory of original Perl script
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
$Bin or $Dir, $Script, $RealBin or $RealDir, $RealScript
KNOWN ISSUES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tie GDBM_READER, GDBM_WRITER, GDBM_WRCREAT, GDBM_NEWDB
STATIC METHODS
GDBM_version
1 - exact guess, 2 - approximate, 3 - rough guess
ERROR HANDLING
$GDBM_File::gdbm_errno
gdbm_check_syserr
DATABASE METHODS
close
errno
syserrno
strerror
clear_error
needs_recovery
reorganize
sync
count
flags
dbname
cache_size
block_size
sync_mode
centfree
coalesce
mmap
mmapsize
recover
err => sub { ... }, backup => \$str, max_failed_keys => $n,
max_failed_buckets => $n, max_failures => $n, stat => \%hash,
recovered_keys, recovered_buckets, failed_keys, failed_buckets
convert
dump
binary => 1, mode => MODE, overwrite => 1
load
replace => 1, restore_mode => 0 | 1, restore_owner => 0 | 1,
strict_errors => 1
CRASH TOLERANCE
crash_tolerance_status
failure_atomic
latest_snapshot
GDBM_SNAPSHOT_BAD, GDBM_SNAPSHOT_ERR, GDBM_SNAPSHOT_SAME,
GDBM_SNAPSHOT_SUSPICIOUS
AVAILABILITY
SECURITY AND PORTABILITY
SEE ALSO
Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Command Line Options, an Introduction
Getting Started with Getopt::Long
Simple options
A little bit less simple options
Mixing command line option with other arguments
Options with values
Options with multiple values
Options with hash values
User-defined subroutines to handle options
Options with multiple names
Case and abbreviations
Summary of Option Specifications
!, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], :
+ [ desttype ]
Advanced Possibilities
Object oriented interface
Callback object
name, given
Thread Safety
Documentation and help texts
Parsing options from an arbitrary array
Parsing options from an arbitrary string
Storing options values in a hash
Bundling
The lonesome dash
Argument callback
Configuring Getopt::Long
default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat,
gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled),
bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default:
enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), auto_version
(default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through
(default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern,
debug (default: disabled)
Exportable Methods
VersionMessage, "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-output",
HelpMessage
Return values and Errors
Legacy
Default destinations
Alternative option starters
Configuration variables
Tips and Techniques
Pushing multiple values in a hash option
Troubleshooting
GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
supplied
GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
Getopt::Long::Parser - Getopt::Long object oriented interface
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
config
METHODS
configure
getoptionsfromarray
getoptions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
Getopt::Std - Process single-character switches with switch clustering
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"--help" and "--version"
HTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
get|head|put|post|patch|delete
post_form
mirror
request
www_form_urlencode
can_ssl
connected
TLS/SSL SUPPORT
PROXY SUPPORT
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Restricted hashes
lock_keys, unlock_keys
lock_keys_plus
lock_value, unlock_value
lock_hash, unlock_hash
lock_hash_recurse, unlock_hash_recurse
hashref_locked, hash_locked
hashref_unlocked, hash_unlocked
legal_keys, hidden_keys, all_keys, hash_seed, hash_value, bucket_info,
bucket_stats, bucket_array
bucket_stats_formatted
hv_store, hash_traversal_mask, bucket_ratio, used_buckets, num_buckets
Operating on references to hashes
lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value,
unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref,
lock_hashref_recurse, unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked,
legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
SYNOPSIS
FUNCTIONS
id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes
DESCRIPTION
The Inside-out Technique
Problems of Inside-out
Solutions
More Problems
The Generic Object
How to use Field Hashes
Garbage-Collected Hashes
EXAMPLES
init(), first(), last(), name(), "Name_hash", "Name_id",
"Name_idhash", "Name_id_reg", "Name_idhash_reg", "Name_fieldhash"
Example 1
Example 2
GUTS
The "PERL_MAGIC_uvar" interface for hashes
Weakrefs call uvar magic
How field hashes work
Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
the function is_language_tag($lang1)
the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
the function super_languages($lang1)
the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
ABOUT LOWERCASING
ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR
I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
ENVIRONMENT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR
I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
LIST OF LANGUAGES
{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme,
{ady} : Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans,
[{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq}
: Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} :
Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache
languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} :
Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese,
[{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : Asturian, {as} : Assamese,
[{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages],
[{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa}
: Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese,
[{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} :
Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia),
{bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali,
[{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj,
{br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun,
{bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} :
Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} :
Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} :
Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} :
Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} :
Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan,
{cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} :
Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins
(Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp}
: Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)],
{cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} :
Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware,
{din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra}
: Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle
Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik,
{egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya,
{eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan}
: Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French,
{frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French
(842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa}
: Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} :
Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German,
{gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German
(ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} :
Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati,
{gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw}
: Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him}
: Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn}
: Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} :
Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko,
[{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} :
Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua (International
Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish,
{mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro}
: Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} :
Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} :
Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal}
: Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} :
Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} :
Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani,
{ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} :
Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} :
Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao,
{la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian,
{nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial), {loz} :
Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno,
{lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} :
Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} :
Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} :
Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx,
{mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} :
Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende,
{mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} :
Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} :
Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} :
Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru,
{nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-
Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} :
Niuean, {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American
Indian], {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian
Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} :
Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500),
{oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} :
Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi,
{i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga,
{pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} :
Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400
B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} :
Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit
languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} :
Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui,
{rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa}
: Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi,
{ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan
Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari
Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami languages
(Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} :
Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} :
Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...}
: Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese,
[{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} :
Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} :
Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} :
Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} :
Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} :
Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac,
{tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} :
Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar,
{i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th}
: Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} :
Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi}
: Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} :
Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman
Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl}
: Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} :
Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ve} : Venda,
{vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan
languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} :
Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-
Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} :
Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} :
Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga,
{za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
AUTHOR
I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"-", "+", ".", "_NL_ADDRESS_POSTAL_FMT", "_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_NAME",
"_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_POST", "_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_AB2",
"_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_AB3", "_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_CAR",
"_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_NUM", "_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_ISBN",
"_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_NAME", "_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_AB",
"_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_TERM", "_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_LIB",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TITLE", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_SOURCE",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_ADDRESS", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_CONTACT",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_EMAIL", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TEL",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_FAX", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_LANGUAGE",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TERRITORY", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_AUDIENCE",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_APPLICATION", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_ABBREVIATION",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_REVISION", "_NL_IDENTIFICATION_DATE",
"_NL_IDENTIFICATION_CATEGORY", "_NL_MEASUREMENT_MEASUREMENT",
"_NL_NAME_NAME_FMT", "_NL_NAME_NAME_GEN", "_NL_NAME_NAME_MR",
"_NL_NAME_NAME_MRS", "_NL_NAME_NAME_MISS", "_NL_NAME_NAME_MS",
"_NL_PAPER_HEIGHT", "_NL_PAPER_WIDTH", "_NL_TELEPHONE_TEL_INT_FMT",
"_NL_TELEPHONE_TEL_DOM_FMT", "_NL_TELEPHONE_INT_SELECT",
"_NL_TELEPHONE_INT_PREFIX"
For systems without "nl_langinfo"
"ERA", "CODESET", "YESEXPR", "YESSTR", "NOEXPR", "NOSTR",
"ALT_DIGITS", "D_FMT", "T_FMT", "D_T_FMT", "CRNCYSTR",
"ERA_D_FMT", "ERA_T_FMT", "ERA_D_T_FMT", "T_FMT_AMPM", All
"_NL_foo" items
EXPORT
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO - load various IO modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DEPRECATED
IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::Bzip2 - Write bzip2 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bzip2 $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference
[, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Oneshot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number",
"Strict => 0|1"
Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
deflate $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Oneshot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"
Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::FAQ -- Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
How do I recompress using a different compression?
ZIP
What Compression Types do IO::Compress::Zip & IO::Uncompress::Unzip
support?
Store (method 0), Deflate (method 8), Bzip2 (method 12), Lzma
(method 14)
Can I Read/Write Zip files larger the 4 Gig?
Can I write more that 64K entries is a Zip files?
Zip Resources
GZIP
Gzip Resources
Dealing with concatenated gzip files
Reading bgzip files with IO::Uncompress::Gunzip
ZLIB
Zlib Resources
Bzip2
Bzip2 Resources
Dealing with Concatenated bzip2 files
Interoperating with Pbzip2
HTTP & NETWORK
Apache::GZip Revisited
Compressed files and Net::FTP
MISC
Using "InputLength" to uncompress data embedded in a larger
file/buffer.
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference
[, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Oneshot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Minimal => 0|1",
"Comment => $comment", "Name => $string", "Time => $number",
"TextFlag => 0|1", "HeaderCRC => 0|1", "OS_Code => $value",
"ExtraField => $data", "ExtraFlags => $value", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawdeflate $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Oneshot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"
Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy
EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Store (0), Deflate (8), Bzip2 (12), Lzma (14), Zstandard (93), Xz
(95)
Functional Interface
zip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [,
OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, the full filename contained
in $input_filename_or_reference, the file protection attributes,
the UID/GID for the file, the file timestamps, A filename, A
filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output
FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Oneshot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "Name => $string", If the $input parameter is not a
filename, the archive member name will be an empty string,
"CanonicalName => 0|1", "FilterName => sub { ... }", "Efs =>
0|1", "Minimal => 1|0", "Stream => 0|1", "Zip64 => 0|1", -Level,
-Strategy, "BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number",
"Preset => number", "Extreme => 0|1", "Time => $number",
"ExtAttr => $attr", "exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime]",
"exUnix2 => [$uid, $gid]", "exUnixN => [$uid, $gid]", Comment =>
$comment, "ZipComment => $comment", "Method => $method",
"TextFlag => 0|1", "ExtraFieldLocal => $data",
"ExtraFieldCentral => $data", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method
EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell
(), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
METHODS
open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
NOTE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
METHODS
$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ),
$io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush (
ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), binmode( [LAYER] ), $io->untaint
NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY
IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [READER, WRITER] )
METHODS
reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ),
remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0
(SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek(
POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
IO::Select - OO interface to the "select" system call
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ HANDLES ] )
METHODS
add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles,
can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception (
[ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [,
TIMEOUT ] )
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR ARGUMENTS
Blocking
Domain
Listen
Timeout
Type
CONSTRUCTORS
new
METHODS
accept
atmark
autoflush
bind
connected
getsockopt
listen
peername
protocol
recv
send
setsockopt
shutdown
sockdomain
socket
socketpair
sockname
sockopt
socktype
timeout
EXAMPLES
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )
METHODS
sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (),
peerhost ()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Socket::IP, "IO::Socket::IP" - Family-neutral IP socket supporting both
IPv4 and IPv6
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REPLACING "IO::Socket" DEFAULT BEHAVIOUR
CONSTRUCTORS
new PeerHost => STRING, PeerService => STRING, PeerAddr => STRING,
PeerPort => STRING, PeerAddrInfo => ARRAY, LocalHost => STRING,
LocalService => STRING, LocalAddr => STRING, LocalPort => STRING,
LocalAddrInfo => ARRAY, Family => INT, Type => INT, Proto => STRING
or INT, GetAddrInfoFlags => INT, Listen => INT, ReuseAddr => BOOL,
ReusePort => BOOL, Broadcast => BOOL, Sockopts => ARRAY, V6Only =>
BOOL, MultiHomed, Blocking => BOOL, Timeout => NUM
new (one arg)
METHODS
sockhost_service
sockhost
sockport
sockhostname
sockservice
sockaddr
peerhost_service
peerhost
peerport
peerhostname
peerservice
peeraddr
as_inet
NON-BLOCKING
"PeerHost" AND "LocalHost" PARSING
split_addr
join_addr
"IO::Socket::INET" INCOMPATIBILITES
TODO
AUTHOR
IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )
METHODS
hostpath(), peerpath()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip
Functional Interface
anyinflate $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1",
"ParseExtra => 0|1" If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present
and this option is set, it will force the module to check that
it conforms to the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2, zstd, xz, lzma,
lzip, lzf or lzop file/buffer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, zstd
(Zstandard), bzip2, lzop, lzf, lzma, lzip, xz
Functional Interface
anyuncompress $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1", "UnLzma
=> 0|1"
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2 - Read bzip2 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bunzip2 $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "Small => 0|1"
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gunzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference
[, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "ParseExtra => 0|1" If the
gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this option is set, it
will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field
structure as defined in RFC 1952
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
Name, Comment
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
inflate $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawinflate $input_filename_or_reference =>
$output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string",
"Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", InputLength => $size,
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Store (0), Deflate (8), Bzip2 (12), Lzma (14), Xz (95), Zstandard
(93)
Functional Interface
unzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference
[, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array
reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A
scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A
Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1",
"TrailingData => $scalar"
OneShot Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options
"Name => "membername"", "Efs => 0| 1", "AutoClose => 0|1",
"MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1",
"BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1",
"Strict => 0|1"
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all
EXAMPLES
Simple Read
Walking through a zip file
Unzipping a complete zip file to disk
Working with Net::FTP
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )
OBJECT METHODS
open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines,
print ( ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek (
OFFSET, WHENCE ), tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS )
USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
CLASS METHODS
has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open,
gzip_write_open
DIAGNOSTICS
IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context,
IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import:
'...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an
argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument,
IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import:
'gzip_write_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import:
'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: no
Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open: needs a
filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::WRITE:
too long LENGTH
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
COPYRIGHT
IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
$ipc_run_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [VERBOSE] )
$ipc_open3_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [VERBOSE] )
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_run_forked
FUNCTIONS
$path = can_run( PROGRAM );
$ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run( command
=> COMMAND, [verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT] );
command, verbose, buffer, timeout, success, error message,
full_buffer, out_buffer, error_buffer
$hashref = run_forked( COMMAND, { child_stdin => SCALAR, timeout =>
DIGIT, stdout_handler => CODEREF, stderr_handler => CODEREF} );
"timeout", "child_stdin", "stdout_handler", "stderr_handler",
"wait_loop_callback", "discard_output",
"terminate_on_parent_sudden_death", "exit_code", "timeout",
"stdout", "stderr", "merged", "err_msg"
$q = QUOTE
HOW IT WORKS
Global Variables
$IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
$IPC::Cmd::WARN
$IPC::Cmd::INSTANCES
$IPC::Cmd::ALLOW_NULL_ARGS
Caveats
Whitespace and IPC::Open3 / system(), Whitespace and IPC::Run, IO
Redirect, Interleaving STDOUT/STDERR
See Also
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ),
remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ),
snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
IPC::Open2 - open a process for both reading and writing using open2()
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO
IPC::Open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using
open3()
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
See Also
IPC::Open2, IPC::Run
WARNING
IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM
), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set (
STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES
), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
IPC::SharedMem - SysV Shared Memory IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , SIZE , FLAGS ), id, read ( POS, SIZE ), write ( STRING,
POS, SIZE ), remove, is_removed, stat, attach ( [FLAG] ), detach,
addr
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
IPC::SysV - System V IPC constants and system calls
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ftok( PATH ), ftok( PATH, ID ), shmat( ID, ADDR, FLAG ), shmdt( ADDR
), memread( ADDR, VAR, POS, SIZE ), memwrite( ADDR, STRING, POS,
SIZE )
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
Internals - Reserved special namespace for internals related functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
SvREFCNT(THING [, $value]), SvREADONLY(THING, [, $value]),
hv_clear_placeholders(%hash), stack_refcounted
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
JSON::PP - JSON::XS compatible pure-Perl module.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
encode_json
decode_json
JSON::PP::is_bool
OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
new
ascii
latin1
utf8
pretty
indent
space_before
space_after
relaxed
list items can have an end-comma, shell-style '#'-comments,
C-style multiple-line '/* */'-comments (JSON::PP only),
C++-style one-line '//'-comments (JSON::PP only), literal ASCII
TAB characters in strings
canonical
allow_nonref
allow_unknown
allow_blessed
convert_blessed
allow_tags
boolean_values
core_bools
filter_json_object
filter_json_single_key_object
shrink
max_depth
max_size
encode
decode
decode_prefix
FLAGS FOR JSON::PP ONLY
allow_singlequote
allow_barekey
allow_bignum
loose
escape_slash
indent_length
sort_by
INCREMENTAL PARSING
incr_parse
incr_text
incr_skip
incr_reset
MAPPING
JSON -> PERL
object, array, string, number, true, false, null, shell-style
comments ("# text"), tagged values ("(tag)value")
PERL -> JSON
hash references, array references, other references,
JSON::PP::true, JSON::PP::false, JSON::PP::null, blessed
objects, simple scalars
OBJECT SERIALISATION
1. "allow_tags" is enabled and the object has a "FREEZE" method,
2. "convert_blessed" is enabled and the object has a "TO_JSON"
method, 3. "allow_bignum" is enabled and the object is a
"Math::BigInt" or "Math::BigFloat", 4. "allow_blessed" is
enabled, 5. none of the above
ENCODING/CODESET FLAG NOTES
"utf8" flag disabled, "utf8" flag enabled, "latin1" or "ascii" flags
enabled
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CURRENT MAINTAINER
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
JSON::PP::Boolean - dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIST-REDUCTION FUNCTIONS
reduce
reductions
any
all
none
notall
first
max
maxstr
min
minstr
product
sum
sum0
KEY/VALUE PAIR LIST FUNCTIONS
pairs
unpairs
pairkeys
pairvalues
pairgrep
pairfirst
pairmap
OTHER FUNCTIONS
shuffle
sample
uniq
uniqint
uniqnum
uniqstr
head
tail
zip
mesh
CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
$RAND
KNOWN BUGS
RT #95409
uniqnum() on oversized bignums
SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
List::Util::XS - Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
METHODS
Construction Methods
The "maketext" Method
$lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM),
$lh->failure_handler_auto, $lh->denylist(@list) <or>
$lh->blacklist(@list), $lh->allowlist(@list) <or>
$lh->whitelist(@list)
Utility Methods
$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number,
$singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular,
$plural, $negative), $language->numf($number),
$language->numerate($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
$language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(),
$language->encoding()
Language Handle Attributes and Internals
LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
BRACKET NOTATION
BRACKET NOTATION SECURITY
AUTO LEXICONS
READONLY LEXICONS
CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
AUTHOR
Locale::Maketext::Cookbook - recipes for using Locale::Maketext
INTRODUCTION
ONESIDED LEXICONS
DECIMAL PLACES IN NUMBER FORMATTING
Locale::Maketext::Guts - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8
code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext
utf8 code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
Class
Path
Style
Export
Subclass
Decode
Encoding
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
The "MIT" License
Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
The Linguistic View
Breaking gettext
Replacing gettext
Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
Buzzword: Isomorphism
Buzzword: Inheritance
Buzzword: Concision
The Devil in the Details
The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
References
MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
encode_base64( $bytes ), encode_base64( $bytes, $eol );,
decode_base64( $str ), encode_base64url( $bytes ), decode_base64url(
$str ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes ), encoded_base64_length(
$bytes, $eol ), decoded_base64_length( $str )
EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
encode_qp( $str), encode_qp( $str, $eol), encode_qp( $str, $eol,
$binmode ), decode_qp( $str )
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
Math::BigFloat - arbitrary size floating point math package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Input
Output
METHODS
Configuration methods
accuracy(), precision()
Constructor methods
from_hex(), from_oct(), from_bin(), from_ieee754(), bpi()
Arithmetic methods
bmuladd(), binv(), bdiv(), bmod(), bexp(), bnok(), bsin(),
bcos(), batan(), batan2(), as_float(), to_ieee754()
ACCURACY AND PRECISION
Rounding
bfround ( +$scale ), bfround ( -$scale ), bfround ( 0 ), bround
( +$scale ), bround ( -$scale ) and bround ( 0 )
NUMERIC LITERALS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals
Math library
EXPORTS
stringify, bstr(), brsft(), Modifying and =, precision() vs.
accuracy()
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
Math::BigInt - arbitrary size integer math package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Input
Output
METHODS
Configuration methods
accuracy(), precision(), div_scale(), round_mode(), trap_inf(),
trap_nan(), upgrade(), downgrade(), modify(), config()
Constructor methods
new(), from_dec(), from_hex(), from_oct(), from_bin(),
from_bytes(), from_base(), from_base_num(), bzero(), bone(),
binf(), bnan(), bpi(), copy(), as_int(), as_number(),
as_float(), as_rat()
Boolean methods
is_zero(), is_one( [ SIGN ]), is_finite(), is_inf( [ SIGN ] ),
is_nan(), is_positive(), is_pos(), is_negative(), is_neg(),
is_non_positive(), is_non_negative(), is_odd(), is_even(),
is_int()
Comparison methods
bcmp(), bacmp(), beq(), bne(), blt(), ble(), bgt(), bge()
Arithmetic methods
bneg(), babs(), bsgn(), bnorm(), binc(), bdec(), badd(), bsub(),
bmul(), bmuladd(), binv(), bdiv(), btdiv(), bmod(), btmod(),
bmodinv(), bmodpow(), bpow(), blog(), bexp(), bilog2(),
bilog10(), bclog2(), bclog10(), bnok(), buparrow(), uparrow(),
backermann(), ackermann(), bsin(), bcos(), batan(), batan2(),
bsqrt(), broot(), bfac(), bdfac(), btfac(), bmfac(), bfib(),
blucas(), brsft(), blsft()
Bitwise methods
bbrsft(), bblsft(), band(), bior(), bxor(), bnot()
Rounding methods
round(), bround(), bfround(), bfloor(), bceil(), bint()
Other mathematical methods
bgcd(), blcm()
Object property methods
sign(), digit(), digitsum(), bdigitsum(), length(), mantissa(),
exponent(), parts(), sparts(), nparts(), eparts(), dparts(),
fparts(), numerator(), denominator()
String conversion methods
bstr(), bsstr(), bnstr(), bestr(), bdstr(), bfstr(), to_hex(),
to_bin(), to_oct(), to_bytes(), to_base(), to_base_num(),
as_hex(), as_bin(), as_oct(), as_bytes()
Other conversion methods
numify()
Utility methods
dec_str_to_dec_flt_str(), hex_str_to_dec_flt_str(),
oct_str_to_dec_flt_str(), bin_str_to_dec_flt_str(),
dec_str_to_dec_str(), hex_str_to_dec_str(),
oct_str_to_dec_str(), bin_str_to_dec_str()
ACCURACY and PRECISION
Precision P
Accuracy A
Fallback F
Rounding mode R
'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common',
Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing,
Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local
settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks
Infinity and Not a Number
oct()/hex()
INTERNALS
MATH LIBRARY
SIGN
EXAMPLES
NUMERIC LITERALS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals
PERFORMANCE
Alternative math libraries
SUBCLASSING
Subclassing Math::BigInt
UPGRADING
Auto-upgrade
EXPORTS
CAVEATS
Comparing numbers as strings, int(), Modifying and =, Overloading
-$x, Mixing different object types
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
Math::BigInt::Calc - pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
base_len, use_int
METHODS
_base_len()
SEE ALSO
Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
STORAGE
METHODS
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Math::BigInt::Lib - virtual parent class for Math::BigInt libraries
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
General Notes
CLASS->api_version(), CLASS->_new(STR), CLASS->_zero(),
CLASS->_one(), CLASS->_two(), CLASS->_ten(),
CLASS->_from_bin(STR), CLASS->_from_oct(STR),
CLASS->_from_hex(STR), CLASS->_from_bytes(STR),
CLASS->_from_base(STR, BASE, COLLSEQ),
CLASS->_from_base_num(ARRAY, BASE), CLASS->_add(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_mul(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_div(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_sub(OBJ1, OBJ2, FLAG), CLASS->_sub(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_sadd(OBJ1, SIGN1, OBJ2, SIGN2), CLASS->_ssub(OBJ1,
SIGN1, OBJ2, SIGN2), CLASS->_dec(OBJ), CLASS->_inc(OBJ),
CLASS->_mod(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_sqrt(OBJ), CLASS->_root(OBJ,
N), CLASS->_fac(OBJ), CLASS->_dfac(OBJ), CLASS->_pow(OBJ1,
OBJ2), CLASS->_modinv(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_modpow(OBJ1, OBJ2,
OBJ3), CLASS->_rsft(OBJ, N, B), CLASS->_lsft(OBJ, N, B),
CLASS->_log_int(OBJ, B), CLASS->_ilog2(OBJ),
CLASS->_ilog10(OBJ), CLASS->_clog2(OBJ), CLASS->_clog10(OBJ),
CLASS->_gcd(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_lcm(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_fib(OBJ), CLASS->_lucas(OBJ), CLASS->_and(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_or(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_xor(OBJ1, OBJ2),
CLASS->_sand(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2), CLASS->_sor(OBJ1, OBJ2,
SIGN1, SIGN2), CLASS->_sxor(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2),
CLASS->_is_zero(OBJ), CLASS->_is_one(OBJ), CLASS->_is_two(OBJ),
CLASS->_is_ten(OBJ), CLASS->_is_even(OBJ), CLASS->_is_odd(OBJ),
CLASS->_acmp(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_str(OBJ), CLASS->_to_bin(OBJ),
CLASS->_to_oct(OBJ), CLASS->_to_hex(OBJ), CLASS->_to_bytes(OBJ),
CLASS->_to_base(OBJ, BASE, COLLSEQ), CLASS->_to_base_num(OBJ,
BASE), CLASS->_as_bin(OBJ), CLASS->_as_oct(OBJ),
CLASS->_as_hex(OBJ), CLASS->_as_bytes(OBJ), CLASS->_num(OBJ),
CLASS->_copy(OBJ), CLASS->_len(OBJ), CLASS->_zeros(OBJ),
CLASS->_digit(OBJ, N), CLASS->_digitsum(OBJ),
CLASS->_check(OBJ), CLASS->_set(OBJ)
API version 2
CLASS->_1ex(N), CLASS->_nok(OBJ1, OBJ2), CLASS->_alen(OBJ)
WRAP YOUR OWN
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub Source Repository, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN
Testers Matrix
LICENSE
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Math::BigRat - arbitrary size rational number math package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MATH LIBRARY
METHODS
new(), numerator(), denominator(), parts(), dparts(), fparts(),
numify(), as_int(), as_number(), as_float(), as_hex(), as_bin(),
as_oct(), from_hex(), from_oct(), from_bin(), bnan(), bzero(),
binf(), bone(), length(), digit(), bnorm(), bfac(),
bround()/round()/bfround(), bmod(), bmodinv(), bmodpow(), bneg(),
is_one(), is_zero(), is_pos()/is_positive(), is_neg()/is_negative(),
is_int(), is_odd(), is_even(), bceil(), bfloor(), bint(), bsqrt(),
broot(), badd(), bmul(), bsub(), bdiv(), binv(), bdec(), binc(),
copy(), bstr()/bsstr(), bcmp(), bacmp(), beq(), bne(), blt(), ble(),
bgt(), bge(), blsft()/brsft(), band(), bior(), bxor(), bnot(),
bpow(), blog(), bexp(), bnok(), config()
NUMERIC LITERALS
Hexadecimal, octal, and binary floating point literals
BUGS
SUPPORT
GitHub, RT: CPAN's request tracker, MetaCPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPERATIONS
CREATION
DISPLAYING
CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
USAGE
CONSTANTS
PI
Inf
ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE
Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ANGLES
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
tan
ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad,
deg2deg, grad2grad
RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical,
cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical,
spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
great_circle_distance
great_circle_direction
great_circle_bearing
great_circle_destination
great_circle_midpoint
great_circle_waypoint
EXAMPLES
CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
Real-valued asin and acos
asin_real, acos_real
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE
Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
DETAILS
OPTIONS
INSTALL
NORMALIZER
"SCALAR_CACHE", "LIST_CACHE"
"MEMORY", "HASH", "TIE", "FAULT", "MERGE"
OTHER FACILITIES
"unmemoize"
"flush_cache"
CAVEATS
PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
EXPIRATION SUPPORT
BUGS
SEE ALSO
THANK YOU
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable
use
DESCRIPTION
Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
ALTERNATIVES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
DESCRIPTION
Memoize::SDBM_File - DEPRECATED compability shim
DESCRIPTION
Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
DESCRIPTION
Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API
first_release( MODULE ), first_release_by_date( MODULE ),
"find_modules( REGEX, [ LIST OF PERLS ] )", find_version(
PERL_VERSION ), "is_core( MODULE, [ MODULE_VERSION, [ PERL_VERSION ]
] )", "is_deprecated( MODULE, PERL_VERSION )", deprecated_in( MODULE
), removed_from( MODULE ), removed_from_by_date( MODULE ),
"changes_between( PERL_VERSION, PERL_VERSION )"
DATA STRUCTURES
%Module::CoreList::version, %Module::CoreList::delta,
%Module::CoreList::released, %Module::CoreList::families,
%Module::CoreList::deprecated, %Module::CoreList::upstream,
%Module::CoreList::bug_tracker
CAVEATS
HISTORY
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Module::CoreList::Utils - what utilities shipped with versions of perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API
"utilities", first_release( UTILITY ), first_release_by_date(
UTILITY ), removed_from( UTILITY ), removed_from_by_date( UTILITY )
DATA STRUCTURES
%Module::CoreList::Utils::utilities
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Difference between "load" and "autoload"
FUNCTIONS
load, autoload, load_remote, autoload_remote
Rules
IMPORTS THE FUNCTIONS
"load","autoload","load_remote","autoload_remote", 'all',
'','none',undef
Caveats
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading at
runtime
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
$href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose
=> BOOL ] );
module, version, verbose, file, dir, version, uptodate
$bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION] },
[verbose => BOOL, nocache => BOOL, autoload => BOOL] )
modules, verbose, nocache, autoload
@list = requires( MODULE );
Global Variables
$Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
$Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
$Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
$Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC
$Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
$Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
$Module::Load::Conditional::DEPRECATED
See Also
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
$bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );
$bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );
$loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
Module::Metadata - Gather package and POD information from perl module files
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
"new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1, decode_pod => 1)"
"new_from_handle($handle, $filename, collect_pod => 1, decode_pod =>
1)"
"new_from_module($module, collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs,
decode_pod => 1)"
"find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs)"
"find_module_dir_by_name($module, \@dirs)"
provides( %options )
version (required), dir, files, prefix
"package_versions_from_directory($dir, \@files?)"
"log_info (internal)"
OBJECT METHODS
name()
version($package)
filename()
packages_inside()
pod_inside()
contains_pod()
pod($section)
is_indexable($package) or is_indexable()
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"
DIAGNOSTICS
"ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
SECURITY AND PORTABILITY
BUGS AND WARNINGS
NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Enforcing redispatch
Avoiding repetitions
Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
Using "EVERY" methods
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT
Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Public Methods
debug($level), message(), code(), ok(), status(),
datasend($data), dataend()
Protected Methods
"debug_print($dir, $text)", "debug_text($dir, $text)",
"command($cmd[, $args, ... ])", unsupported(), response(),
parse_response($text), getline(), ungetline($text),
rawdatasend($data), read_until_dot(), tied_fh()
Pseudo Responses
Initial value, Connection closed, Timeout
EXPORTS
Default Exports, Optional Exports, Export Tags
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Class Methods
requires_firewall($host)
NetConfig Values
nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts,
daytime_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall,
ftp_firewall_type, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ftp_ext_passive,
ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
EXPORTS
Default Exports, Optional Exports, Export Tags
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and
domain
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
hostfqdn(), domainname(), hostname(), hostdomain()
EXPORTS
Default Exports, Optional Exports, Export Tags
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::FTP - FTP Client class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overview
Class Methods
"new([$host][, %options])"
Object Methods
"login([$login[, $password[, $account]]])", starttls(),
stoptls(), prot($level), host(), account($acct),
"authorize([$auth[, $resp]])", site($args), ascii(), binary(),
type([$type]), "rename($oldname, $newname)", delete($filename),
cwd([$dir]), cdup(), passive([$passive]), pwd(),
restart($where), "rmdir($dir[, $recurse])", "mkdir($dir[,
$recurse])", "alloc($size[, $record_size])", ls([$dir]),
dir([$dir]), "get($remote_file[, $local_file[, $where]])",
"put($local_file[, $remote_file])", "put_unique($local_file[,
$remote_file])", "append($local_file[, $remote_file])",
unique_name(), mdtm($file), size($file), supported($cmd),
"hash([$filehandle_glob_ref[, $bytes_per_hash_mark]])",
feature($name), nlst([$dir]), list([$dir]), retr($file),
stor($file), stou($file), appe($file), port([$port]),
eprt([$port]), pasv(), epsv(), "pasv_xfer($src_file,
$dest_server[, $dest_file ])", "pasv_xfer_unique($src_file,
$dest_server[, $dest_file ])", pasv_wait($non_pasv_server),
abort(), quit()
Methods for the Adventurous
"quot($cmd[, $args])", can_inet6(), can_ssl()
The dataconn Class
Unimplemented
"SMNT", "HELP", "MODE", "SYST", "STAT", "STRU", "REIN"
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Class Methods
"new([$host][, %options])"
Object Methods
host(), starttls(), "article([{$msgid|$msgnum}[, $fh]])",
"body([{$msgid|$msgnum}[, [$fh]])", "head([{$msgid|$msgnum}[,
[$fh]])", articlefh([{$msgid|$msgnum}]),
bodyfh([{$msgid|$msgnum}]), headfh([{$msgid|$msgnum}]),
nntpstat([{$msgid|$msgnum}]), group([$group]), help(),
"ihave($msgid[, $message])", last(), date(), postok(),
"authinfo($user, $pass)", "authinfo_simple($user, $pass)",
list(), "newgroups($since[, $distributions])", "newnews($since[,
$groups[, $distributions]])", next(), post([$message]),
postfh(), slave(), quit(), can_inet6(), can_ssl()
Extension Methods
newsgroups([$pattern]), distributions(),
distribution_patterns(), subscriptions(), overview_fmt(),
active_times(), active([$pattern]), xgtitle($pattern),
"xhdr($header, $message_spec)", xover($message_spec),
xpath($message_id), "xpat($header, $pattern, $message_spec)",
xrover($message_spec), listgroup([$group]), reader()
Unsupported
Definitions
$message_spec, $pattern, Examples, "[^]-]", *bdc, "[0-9a-zA-Z]",
"a??d"
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The .netrc File
machine name, default, login name, password string, account
string, macdef name
Class Methods
"lookup($machine[, $login])"
Object Methods
login(), password(), account(), lpa()
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Class Methods
"new([$host][, %options])"
Object Methods
host(), "auth($username, $password)", user($user), pass($pass),
"login([$user[, $pass]])", starttls(%sslargs), "apop([$user[,
$pass]])", banner(), capa(), capabilities(), "top($msgnum[,
$numlines])", list([$msgnum]), "get($msgnum[, $fh])",
getfh($msgnum), last(), popstat(), ping($user), uidl([$msgnum]),
delete($msgnum), reset(), quit(), can_inet6(), can_ssl()
Notes
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
Net::Ping->new([proto, timeout, bytes, device, tos, ttl,
family, host, port, bind, gateway, retrans,
pingstring,
source_verify econnrefused dontfrag
IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU IPV6_RECVPATHMTU]) , $p->ping($host [, $timeout
[, $family]]); , $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } ); ,
$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } ); , $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1
} ); , $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } ); , $p->time ,
$p->socket_blocking_mode( $fh, $mode ); , $p->IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU ,
$p->IPV6_RECVPATHMTU , $p->IPV6_HOPLIMIT , $p->IPV6_REACHCONF
NYI , $p->bind($local_addr); , $p->message_type([$ping_type]); ,
$p->open($host); , $p->ack( [ $host ] ); , $p->nack(
$failed_ack_host ); , $p->ack_unfork($host) ,
$p->ping_icmp([$host, $timeout, $family]) ,
$p->ping_icmpv6([$host, $timeout, $family]) ,
$p->ping_stream([$host, $timeout, $family]) ,
$p->ping_syn([$host, $ip, $start_time, $stop_time]) ,
$p->ping_syn_fork([$host, $timeout, $family]) ,
$p->ping_tcp([$host, $timeout, $family]) , $p->ping_udp([$host,
$timeout, $family]) , $p->ping_external([$host, $timeout,
$family]) , $p->tcp_connect([$ip, $timeout]) ,
$p->tcp_echo([$ip, $timeout, $pingstring]) , $p->close(); ,
$p->port_number([$port_number]) , $p->mselect , $p->ntop ,
$p->checksum($msg) , $p->icmp_result , pingecho($host [,
$timeout]); , wakeonlan($mac, [$host, [$port]])
NOTES
INSTALL
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Class Methods
"new([$host][, %options])"
Object Methods
banner(), domain(), hello($domain), host(), etrn($domain),
starttls(%sslargs), "auth($username, $password)", auth($sasl),
"mail($address[, %options])", send($address),
send_or_mail($address), send_and_mail($address), reset(),
"recipient($address[, $address[, ...]][, %options])", "to($address[,
$address[, ...]])", "cc($address[, $address[, ...]])",
"bcc($address[, $address[, ...]])", data([$data]), bdat($data),
bdatlast($data), expand($address), verify($address),
help([$subject]), quit(), can_inet6(), can_ssl()
Addresses
EXAMPLES
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
"inet_time([$host[, $protocol[, $timeout]]])",
"inet_daytime([$host[, $protocol[, $timeout]]])"
EXPORTS
Default Exports, Optional Exports, Export Tags
KNOWN BUGS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR
Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
DESCRIPTION
Where to get this document
How to contribute to this document
Author and Copyright Information
Disclaimer
Obtaining and installing libnet
What is libnet ?
Which version of perl do I need ?
What other modules do I need ?
What machines support libnet ?
Where can I get the latest libnet release
Using Net::FTP
How do I download files from an FTP server ?
How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
?
How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work
?
I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines
outside ?
My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
server ?
I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
documented ?
Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
Using Net::SMTP
Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
hostname ?
Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
The verify method always returns true ?
Debugging scripts
How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR
Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR
Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR
O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
AUTHOR
ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"
DIAGNOSTICS
"odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
SECURITY AND PORTABILITY
BUGS AND WARNINGS
Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
WARNING
Operator Names and Operator Lists
an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated
opname or optag, an operator set (opset)
Opcode Functions
opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex
(OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset
(OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET),
opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)
Manipulating Opsets
TO DO (maybe)
Predefined Opcode Tags
:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse,
:filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others,
:load, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
FUNCTIONS
"_exit", "abort", "abs", "access", "acos", "acosh", "alarm",
"asctime", "asin", "asinh", "assert", "atan", "atanh", "atan2",
"atexit", "atof", "atoi", "atol", "bsearch", "calloc", "cbrt",
"ceil", "chdir", "chmod", "chown", "clearerr", "clock", "close",
"closedir", "cos", "cosh", "copysign", "creat", "ctermid", "ctime",
"cuserid" [POSIX.1-1988], "difftime", "div", "dup", "dup2", "erf",
"erfc", "errno", "execl", "execle", "execlp", "execv", "execve",
"execvp", "exit", "exp", "expm1", "fabs", "fcntl", "fdopen", "feof",
"ferror", "fflush", "fgetc", "fgetpos", "fgets", "fileno", "floor",
"fdim", "fegetround", "fesetround", "fma", "fmax", "fmin", "fmod",
"fopen", "fork", "fpathconf", "fpclassify", "fprintf", "fputc",
"fputs", "fread", "free", "freopen", "frexp", "fscanf", "fseek",
"fsetpos", "fstat", "fsync", "ftell", "fwrite", "getc", "getchar",
"getcwd", "getegid", "getenv", "geteuid", "getgid", "getgrgid",
"getgrnam", "getgroups", "getlogin", "getpayload", "getpgrp",
"getpid", "getppid", "getpwnam", "getpwuid", "gets", "getuid",
"gmtime", "hypot", "ilogb", "Inf", "isalnum", "isalpha", "isatty",
"iscntrl", "isdigit", "isfinite", "isgraph", "isgreater", "isinf",
"islower", "isnan", "isnormal", "isprint", "ispunct", "issignaling",
"isspace", "isupper", "isxdigit", "j0", "j1", "jn", "y0", "y1",
"yn", "kill", "labs", "lchown", "ldexp", "ldiv", "lgamma", "log1p",
"log2", "logb", "link", "localeconv", "localtime", "log", "log10",
"longjmp", "lseek", "lrint", "lround", "malloc", "mblen", "mbtowc",
"memchr", "memcmp", "memcpy", "memmove", "memset", "mkdir",
"mkfifo", "mktime", "modf", "NaN", "nan", "nearbyint", "nextafter",
"nexttoward", "nice", "offsetof", "open", "opendir", "pathconf",
"pause", "perror", "pipe", "pow", "printf", "putc", "putchar",
"puts", "qsort", "raise", "rand", "read", "readdir", "realloc",
"remainder", "remove", "remquo", "rename", "rewind", "rewinddir",
"rint", "rmdir", "round", "scalbn", "scanf", "setgid", "setjmp",
"setlocale", "setpayload", "setpayloadsig", "setpgid", "setsid",
"setuid", "sigaction", "siglongjmp", "signbit", "sigpending",
"sigprocmask", "sigsetjmp", "sigsuspend", "sin", "sinh", "sleep",
"sprintf", "sqrt", "srand", "sscanf", "stat", "strcat", "strchr",
"strcmp", "strcoll", "strcpy", "strcspn", "strerror", "strftime",
"strlen", "strncat", "strncmp", "strncpy", "strpbrk", "strrchr",
"strspn", "strstr", "strtod", "strtok", "strtol", "strtold",
"strtoul", "strxfrm", "sysconf", "system", "tan", "tanh", "tcdrain",
"tcflow", "tcflush", "tcgetpgrp", "tcsendbreak", "tcsetpgrp",
"tgamma", "time", "times", "tmpfile", "tmpnam", "tolower",
"toupper", "trunc", "ttyname", "tzname", "tzset", "umask", "uname",
"ungetc", "unlink", "utime", "vfprintf", "vprintf", "vsprintf",
"wait", "waitpid", "wctomb", "write"
CLASSES
"POSIX::SigAction"
"new", "handler", "mask", "flags", "safe"
"POSIX::SigRt"
%SIGRT, "SIGRTMIN", "SIGRTMAX"
"POSIX::SigSet"
"new", "addset", "delset", "emptyset", "fillset", "ismember"
"POSIX::Termios"
"new", "getattr", "getcc", "getcflag", "getiflag", "getispeed",
"getlflag", "getoflag", "getospeed", "setattr", "setcc",
"setcflag", "setiflag", "setispeed", "setlflag", "setoflag",
"setospeed", Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, "c_cc"
field values, "c_cflag" field values, "c_iflag" field values,
"c_lflag" field values, "c_oflag" field values
PATHNAME CONSTANTS
Constants
POSIX CONSTANTS
Constants
RESOURCE CONSTANTS
Constants
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
Constants
ERRNO
Constants
FCNTL
Constants
FLOAT
Constants
FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT
Constants
LIMITS
Constants
LOCALE
Constants
MATH
Constants
SIGNAL
Constants
STAT
Constants, Macros
STDLIB
Constants
STDIO
Constants
TIME
Constants
UNISTD
Constants
WAIT
Constants, "WNOHANG", "WUNTRACED", Macros, "WIFEXITED",
"WEXITSTATUS", "WIFSIGNALED", "WTERMSIG", "WIFSTOPPED", "WSTOPSIG"
WINSOCK
Constants
Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Template
default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow
Functions
check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );
Template, Arguments, Verbose
allow( $test_me, \@criteria );
string, regexp, subroutine, array ref
last_error()
Global Variables
$Params::Check::VERBOSE
$Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
$Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
$Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
$Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
$Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
$Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
$Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
$Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
$Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH
Acknowledgements
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
Parse::CPAN::Meta - Parse META.yml and META.json CPAN metadata files
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
yaml_backend
json_backend
json_decoder
FUNCTIONS
Load
LoadFile
ENVIRONMENT
CPAN_META_JSON_DECODER
CPAN_META_JSON_BACKEND
PERL_JSON_BACKEND
PERL_YAML_BACKEND
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Perl::OSType - Map Perl operating system names to generic types
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
os_type()
is_os_type()
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Layers
:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop
Custom Layers
:encoding, :mmap, :via, :scalar
Alternatives to raw
Defaults and how to override them
Querying the layers of filehandles
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
PerlIO::mmap - Memory mapped IO
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPECTED METHODS
$class->PUSHED([$mode,[$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
$obj->UTF8($belowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode,[$fh]),
$obj->BINMODE([$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd,[$fh]),
$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
$obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
$obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
$obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
$obj->EOF($fh)
EXAMPLES
Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
KNOWN BUGS
FEEDBACK
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AVAILABILITY
INSTALLATION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Pod::Checker - check pod documents for syntax errors
SYNOPSIS
OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
podchecker()
-warnings => val, -quiet => val
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Errors
empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, You forgot
a '=back' before '=headN', =over is the last thing in the
document?!, '=item' outside of any '=over', =back without =over,
Can't have a 0 in =over N, =over should be: '=over' or '=over
positive_number', =begin TARGET without matching =end TARGET,
=begin without a target?, =end TARGET without matching =begin,
'=end' without a target?, '=end TARGET' is invalid, =end CONTENT
doesn't match =begin TARGET, =for without a target?, unresolved
internal link NAME, Unknown directive: CMD, Deleting unknown
formatting code SEQ, Unterminated SEQ<> sequence, An E<...>
surrounding strange content, An empty E<>, An empty "L<>", An
empty X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, =back doesn't take
any parameters, but you said =back ARGUMENT, =pod directives
shouldn't be over one line long! Ignoring all N lines of
content, =cut found outside a pod block, Invalid =encoding
syntax: CONTENT
Warnings
nested commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, multiple occurrences (N) of
link target name, line containing nothing but whitespace in
paragraph, =item has no contents, You can't have =items (as at
line N) unless the first thing after the =over is an =item,
Expected '=item EXPECTED VALUE', Expected '=item *', Possible
=item type mismatch: 'x' found leading a supposed definition
=item, You have '=item x' instead of the expected '=item N',
Unknown E content in E<CONTENT>, empty =over/=back block, empty
section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME
section, =headn without preceding higher level, A non-empty Z<>
Hyperlinks
ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, alternative
text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
RETURN VALUE
EXAMPLES
SCRIPTS
INTERFACE
end_B, end_C, end_Document, end_F, end_I, end_L, end_Para, end_S,
end_X, end_fcode, end_for, end_head, end_head1, end_head2,
end_head3, end_head4, end_item, end_item_bullet, end_item_number,
end_item_text, handle_pod_and_cut, handle_text, handle_whiteline,
hyperlink, scream, start_B, start_C, start_Data, start_F, start_I,
start_L, start_Para, start_S, start_Verbatim, start_X, start_fcode,
start_for, start_head, start_head1, start_head2, start_head3,
start_head4, start_item_bullet, start_item_number, start_item_text,
start_over, start_over_block, start_over_bullet, start_over_empty,
start_over_number, start_over_text, whine
"Pod::Checker->new( %options )"
"$checker->poderror( @args )", "$checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )"
"$checker->num_errors()"
"$checker->num_warnings()"
"$checker->name()"
"$checker->node()"
"$checker->idx()"
"$checker->hyperlinks()"
line()
type()
page()
node()
AUTHOR
Pod::Escapes - for resolving Pod E<...> sequences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GOODIES
e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{name},
$Name2character_number{name}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{integer},
$Latin1Char_to_fallback{character}, $Code2USASCII{integer}
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
REPOSITORY
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
pod2html
backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot,
index, infile, outfile, poderrors, podpath, podroot, quiet,
recurse, title, verbose
Formerly Exported Auxiliary Functions
htmlify() (by default), anchorify() (upon request),
relativize_url() (upon request)
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
Pod::Html::Util - helper functions for Pod-Html
SUBROUTINES
process_command_line()
usage()
unixify()
relativize_url()
html_escape()
htmlify()
anchorify()
trim_leading_whitespace()
Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
new(ARGS), center, date, encoding, errors, fixed, fixedbold,
fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, guesswork, functions, manref, quoting,
variables, language, lquote, rquote, name, nourls, quotes, release,
section, stderr, utf8
INSTANCE METHODS
output_fh(FH), output_string(REF), parse_file(PATH),
parse_from_file(INPUT, OUTPUT), parse_from_filehandle(FH, OUTPUT),
parse_lines(LINES[, ...[, undef]]), parse_string_document(INPUT)
ENCODING
History
Testing results
[1], [2], [3]
DIAGNOSTICS
roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid errors setting
"%s", Invalid quote specification "%s", POD document had syntax
errors
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_CORE, POD_MAN_DATE, SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
COMPATIBILITY
BUGS
CAVEATS
Sentence spacing
Hyphens
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::Perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo - Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO - Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Call Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO::getopts($object, \@ARGV, $truth),
Given -n, if there's a opt_n_with, it'll call $object->opt_n_with(
ARGUMENT ) (e.g., "-n foo" => $object->opt_n_with('foo'). Ditto
"-nfoo"), Otherwise (given -n) if there's an opt_n, we'll call it
$object->opt_n($truth) (Truth defaults to 1), Otherwise we try
calling $object->handle_unknown_option('n') (and we increment the
error count by the return value of it), If there's no
handle_unknown_option, then we just warn, and then increment the
error counter
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI - render Pod with ANSI color escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm - render Pod with terminal escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PAGER FORMATTING
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MAIN METHODS
"$parser = SomeClass->new();", "$parser->output_fh( *OUT );",
"$parser->output_string( \$somestring );", "$parser->parse_file(
$some_filename );", "$parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH );",
"$parser->parse_string_document( $all_content );",
"$parser->parse_lines( ...@lines..., undef );",
"$parser->content_seen", "SomeClass->filter( $filename );",
"SomeClass->filter( *INPUT_FH );", "SomeClass->filter(
\$document_content );"
SECONDARY METHODS
"$parser->parse_characters( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_whining(
SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->source_filename",
"$parser->doc_has_started", "$parser->source_dead",
"$parser->strip_verbatim_indent( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->expand_verbatim_tabs( n )"
TERTIARY METHODS
"$parser->abandon_output_fh()", "$parser->abandon_output_string()",
"$parser->accept_code( @codes )", "$parser->accept_codes( @codes )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_data( @directives )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( @directives )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( @directives )",
"$parser->accept_target( @targets )",
"$parser->accept_target_as_text( @targets )",
"$parser->accept_targets( @targets )",
"$parser->accept_targets_as_text( @targets )",
"$parser->any_errata_seen()", "$parser->errata_seen()",
"$parser->detected_encoding()", "$parser->encoding()",
"$parser->parse_from_file( $source, $to )", "$parser->scream(
@error_messages )", "$parser->unaccept_code( @codes )",
"$parser->unaccept_codes( @codes )", "$parser->unaccept_directive(
@directives )", "$parser->unaccept_directives( @directives )",
"$parser->unaccept_target( @targets )", "$parser->unaccept_targets(
@targets )", "$parser->version_report()", "$parser->whine(
@error_messages )"
ENCODING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org", Karl
Williamson "khw@cpan.org", Gabor Szabo "szabgab@gmail.com", Shawn H
Corey "SHCOREY at cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
GUTS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
CALLING FROM PERL
Minimal code
More detailed example
METHODS
html_css
html_javascript
title_prefix
title_postfix
html_header_before_title
top_anchor
html_h_level
index
html_header_after_title
html_footer
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FROM THE COMMAND LINE
MAIN METHODS
$batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;,
$batchconv->batch_convert( indirs, outdir );,
$batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( \@dirs , ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir" , ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );,
$batchconv->batch_convert( ... , 'somedir' );
ACCESSOR METHODS
$batchconv->verbose( nonnegative_integer );, $batchconv->index(
true-or-false );, $batchconv->contents_file( filename );,
$batchconv->contents_page_start( HTML_string );,
$batchconv->contents_page_end( HTML_string );,
$batchconv->add_css( $url );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url
);, $batchconv->css_flurry( true-or-false );,
$batchconv->javascript_flurry( true-or-false );,
$batchconv->no_contents_links( true-or-false );,
$batchconv->html_render_class( classname );,
$batchconv->search_class( classname );
NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::JustPod -- just the Pod, the whole Pod, and nothing but the Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L codes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHOD CALLING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ),
$parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source(
$filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ),
$parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
\@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...),
$parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...),
$parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string =
$parser->get_title, my $title_string = $parser->get_short_title,
$author_name = $parser->get_author, $description_name =
$parser->get_description, $version_block = $parser->get_version
NOTE
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...),
$token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring)
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from
Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...),
$token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring),
$token->attr(attrname), $token->attr(attrname, newvalue),
$token->attr_hash
SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->text, $token->text(somestring), $token->text_r()
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end,
$token->dump
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
$parser->head1_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->head2_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->head3_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->head4_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->header_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->normal_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->no_proofing_exemptions( true_or_false );,
$parser->doc_lang( microsoft_decimal_language_code )
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
ACCESSORS
$search->inc( true-or-false );, $search->verbose( nonnegative-number
);, $search->limit_glob( some-glob-string );, $search->callback(
\&some_routine );, $search->laborious( true-or-false );,
$search->recurse( true-or-false );, $search->shadows( true-or-false
);, $search->is_case_insensitive( true-or-false );,
$search->limit_re( some-regxp );, $search->dir_prefix( some-string-
value );, $search->progress( some-progress-object );, $name2path =
$self->name2path;, $path2name = $self->path2name;
MAIN SEARCH METHODS
"$search->survey( @directories )"
"name2path", "path2name"
"$search->simplify_name( $str )"
"$search->find( $pod )"
"$search->find( $pod, @search_dirs )"
"$self->contains_pod( $file )"
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple parse tree
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Tree Contents
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser,
Pod::Simple::SimpleTree
Events
"$parser->_handle_element_start( element_name, attr_hashref )",
"$parser->_handle_element_end( element_name )",
"$parser->_handle_text( text_string )", events with an
element_name of Document, events with an element_name of Para,
events with an element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an
element_name of S, events with an element_name of X, events with an
element_name of L, events with an element_name of E or Z, events
with an element_name of Verbatim, events with an element_name of
head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of encoding, events with
an element_name of over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-
number, events with an element_name of over-text, events with an
element_name of over-block, events with an element_name of over-
empty, events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an
element_name of item-number, events with an element_name of item-
text, events with an element_name of for, events with an
element_name of Data
More Pod::Simple Methods
"$parser->accept_targets( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->accept_targets_as_text( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->accept_codes( Codename, Codename... )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_data( directive_name )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( directive_name )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( directive_name )",
"$parser->nbsp_for_S( BOOLEAN );", "$parser->version_report()",
"$parser->pod_para_count()", "$parser->line_count()",
"$parser->nix_X_codes( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->keep_encoding_directive( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->merge_text( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->code_handler(
CODE_REF )", "$parser->cut_handler( CODE_REF )",
"$parser->pod_handler( CODE_REF )", "$parser->whiteline_handler(
CODE_REF )", "$parser->whine( linenumber, complaint string )",
"$parser->scream( linenumber, complaint string )",
"$parser->source_dead(1)", "$parser->hide_line_numbers( SOMEVALUE
)", "$parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_errata_section(
SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->bare_output( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->preserve_whitespace(
SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->parse_empty_lists( SOMEVALUE )"
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::XHTML -- format Pod as validating XHTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal code
METHODS
perldoc_url_prefix
perldoc_url_postfix
man_url_prefix
man_url_postfix
title_prefix, title_postfix
html_css
html_javascript
html_doctype
html_charset
html_header_tags
html_h_level
default_title
force_title
html_header, html_footer
index
anchor_items
backlink
SUBCLASSING
handle_text
handle_code
accept_targets_as_html
resolve_pod_page_link
resolve_man_page_link
idify
batch_mode_page_object_init
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
ABOUT EXTENDING POD
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey
"hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"
Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Encoding
CLASS METHODS
new(ARGS), alt, code, encoding, errors, guesswork, quoting, indent,
loose, margin, nourls, quotes, sentence, stderr, utf8, width
INSTANCE METHODS
output_fh(FH), output_string(REF), parse_file(PATH),
parse_from_file(INPUT, OUTPUT), parse_from_filehandle(FH, OUTPUT),
parse_lines(LINES[, ...[, undef]]), parse_string_document(INPUT)
FUNCTIONS
pod2text([[-a,] [-NNN,]] INPUT[, OUTPUT])
DIAGNOSTICS
Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for
reading: %s, Invalid errors setting "%s", Invalid quote
specification "%s", POD document had syntax errors
COMPATIBILITY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
COMPATIBILITY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
COMPATIBILITY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
COMPATIBILITY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Pod::Usage - extracts POD documentation and shows usage information
SYNOPSIS
ARGUMENTS
"-message" string, "-msg" string, "-exitval" value, "-verbose"
value, "-sections" spec, "-output" handle, "-input" handle,
"-pathlist" string, "-noperldoc", "-perlcmd", "-perldoc" path-to-
perldoc, "-perldocopt" string
Formatting base class
Pass-through options
DESCRIPTION
Scripts
EXAMPLES
Recommended Use
CAVEATS
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO
SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tie
EXPORTS
DIAGNOSTICS
"sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
SECURITY WARNING
BUGS AND WARNINGS
Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
a new namespace, an operator mask
WARNING
METHODS
permit (OP, ...)
permit_only (OP, ...)
deny (OP, ...)
deny_only (OP, ...)
trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...)
share (NAME, ...)
share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF)
varglob (VARNAME)
reval (STRING, STRICT)
rdo (FILENAME)
root (NAMESPACE)
mask (MASK)
wrap_code_ref (CODEREF)
wrap_code_refs_within (...)
RISKS
Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
AUTHOR
Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Core Perl "builtin" Functions
FUNCTIONS FOR REFERENCES
blessed
refaddr
reftype
weaken
unweaken
isweak
OTHER FUNCTIONS
dualvar
isdual
isvstring
looks_like_number
openhandle
readonly
set_prototype
tainted
DIAGNOSTICS
Vstrings are not implemented in this version of perl
KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
Search::Dict - look - search for key in dictionary file
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The __DATA__ token
SelfLoader autoloading
Autoloading and package lexicals
SelfLoader and AutoLoader
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle
Classes and inherited methods
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
a), b)
Socket, "Socket" - networking constants and support functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTANTS
PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...
AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...
SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...
SOCK_NONBLOCK. SOCK_CLOEXEC
SOL_SOCKET
SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...
IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...
IP_PMTUDISC_WANT, IP_PMTUDISC_DONT, ...
IPTOS_LOWDELAY, IPTOS_THROUGHPUT, IPTOS_RELIABILITY, ...
MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...
SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR
INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE
IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...
TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...
IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...
STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS
$family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id,
[$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6
$sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path
($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path
($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$ip_mreq = pack_ip_mreq $multiaddr, $interface
($multiaddr, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq $ip_mreq
$ip_mreq_source = pack_ip_mreq_source $multiaddr, $source, $interface
($multiaddr, $source, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq_source $ip_mreq
$ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $multiaddr6, $ifindex
($multiaddr6, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq
FUNCTIONS
$ip_address = inet_aton $string
$string = inet_ntoa $ip_address
$address = inet_pton $family, $string
$string = inet_ntop $family, $address
($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]
flags => INT, family => INT, socktype => INT, protocol => INT,
family => INT, socktype => INT, protocol => INT, addr => STRING,
canonname => STRING, AI_PASSIVE, AI_CANONNAME, AI_NUMERICHOST
($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags,
[$xflags]]
NI_NUMERICHOST, NI_NUMERICSERV, NI_NAMEREQD, NI_DGRAM, NIx_NOHOST,
NIx_NOSERV
getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS
EAI_AGAIN, EAI_BADFLAGS, EAI_FAMILY, EAI_NODATA, EAI_NONAME,
EAI_SERVICE
EXAMPLES
Lookup for connect()
Making a human-readable string out of an address
Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
Accessing socket options
AUTHOR
Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MEMORY STORE
ADVISORY LOCKING
SPEED
CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
CODE REFERENCES
FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
utf8 data, restricted hashes, huge objects, files from future
versions of Storable
ERROR REPORTING
WIZARDS ONLY
Hooks
"STORABLE_freeze" obj, cloning, "STORABLE_thaw" obj, cloning,
serialized, .., "STORABLE_attach" class, cloning, serialized
Predicates
"Storable::last_op_in_netorder", "Storable::is_storing",
"Storable::is_retrieving"
Recursion
Deep Cloning
Storable magic
$info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), "version", "version_nv",
"major", "minor", "hdrsize", "netorder", "byteorder", "intsize",
"longsize", "ptrsize", "nvsize", "file", $info =
Storable::read_magic( $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic(
$buffer, $must_be_file )
EXAMPLES
SECURITY WARNING
WARNING
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
BUGS
64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
CREDITS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Sub::Util - A selection of utility subroutines for subs and CODE references
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
prototype
set_prototype
subname
set_subname
AUTHOR
Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
FUNCTIONS
openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message),
syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_priority),
setlogsock(), Note, closelog()
THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
EXAMPLES
CONSTANTS
Facilities
Levels
DIAGNOSTICS
"Invalid argument passed to setlogsock", "eventlog passed to
setlogsock, but no Win32 API available", "no connection to syslog
available", "stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable",
"stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device", "tcp
passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable", "syslog:
expecting argument %s", "syslog: invalid level/facility: %s",
"syslog: too many levels given: %s", "syslog: too many facilities
given: %s", "syslog: level must be given", "udp passed to
setlogsock, but udp service unavailable", "unix passed to
setlogsock, but path not available"
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
Other modules
Manual Pages
RFCs
Articles
Event Log
AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUGS
SUPPORT
Perl Documentation, MetaCPAN, Search CPAN, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN
documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request tracker
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
TAP::Base - Base class that provides common functionality to TAP::Parser and
TAP::Harness
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
TAP::Formatter::Base - Base class for harness output delegates
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"verbosity", "verbose", "timer", "failures", "comments",
"quiet", "really_quiet", "silent", "errors", "directives",
"stdout", "color", "jobs", "show_count"
TAP::Formatter::Color - Run Perl test scripts with color
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
TAP::Formatter::Console - Harness output delegate for default console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
"open_test"
TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession - Harness output delegate for
parallel console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
TAP::Formatter::Console::Session - Harness output delegate for default
console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
"clear_for_close"
"close_test"
"header"
"result"
TAP::Formatter::File - Harness output delegate for file output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
"open_test"
TAP::Formatter::File::Session - Harness output delegate for file output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
result
close_test
TAP::Formatter::Session - Abstract base class for harness output delegate
VERSION
METHODS
Class Methods
"formatter", "parser", "name", "show_count"
TAP::Harness - Run test scripts with statistics
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"verbosity", "timer", "failures", "comments", "show_count",
"normalize", "lib", "switches", "test_args", "color", "exec",
"merge", "sources", "aggregator_class", "version",
"formatter_class", "multiplexer_class", "parser_class",
"scheduler_class", "formatter", "errors", "directives",
"ignore_exit", "jobs", "rules", "rulesfiles", "stdout", "trap"
Instance Methods
the source name of a test to run, a reference to a [ source name,
display name ] array
CONFIGURING
Plugins
"Module::Build"
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker"
"prove"
WRITING PLUGINS
Customize how TAP gets into the parser, Customize how TAP results
are output from the parser
SUBCLASSING
Methods
"new" in TAP::Harness, "runtests" in TAP::Harness, "summary" in
TAP::Harness
REPLACING
SEE ALSO
TAP::Harness::Beyond, Test::Harness::Beyond - Beyond make test
Beyond make test
Saved State
Parallel Testing
Non-Perl Tests
Mixing it up
Rolling My Own
Deeper Customisation
Callbacks
Parsing TAP
Getting Support
TAP::Harness::Env - Parsing harness related environmental variables where
appropriate
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
create( \%args )
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
"HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_VERBOSE", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS",
"HARNESS_OPTIONS", "j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>",
"fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_COLOR",
"HARNESS_IGNORE_EXIT"
TAP::Object - Base class that provides common functionality to all "TAP::*"
modules
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser - Parse TAP output
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
"source", "tap", "exec", "sources", "callback", "switches",
"test_args", "spool", "merge", "grammar_class",
"result_factory_class", "iterator_factory_class"
Instance Methods
INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
Result types
Version, Plan, Pragma, Test, Comment, Bailout, Unknown
Common type methods
"plan" methods
"pragma" methods
"comment" methods
"bailout" methods
"unknown" methods
"test" methods
TOTAL RESULTS
Individual Results
Pragmas
Summary Results
"ignore_exit"
Misplaced plan, No plan, More than one plan, Test numbers out of
sequence
CALLBACKS
"test", "version", "plan", "comment", "bailout", "yaml", "unknown",
"ELSE", "ALL", "EOF"
TAP GRAMMAR
BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
Differences
TODO plans, 'Missing' tests
SUBCLASSING
Parser Components
option 1, option 2
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Michael Schwern, Andy Lester, chromatic, GEOFFR, Shlomi Fish,
Torsten Schoenfeld, Jerry Gay, Aristotle, Adam Kennedy, Yves Orton,
Adrian Howard, Sean & Lil, Andreas J. Koenig, Florian Ragwitz,
Corion, Mark Stosberg, Matt Kraai, David Wheeler, Alex Vandiver,
Cosimo Streppone, Ville Skyttä
AUTHORS
BUGS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
TAP::Parser::Aggregator - Aggregate TAP::Parser results
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Summary methods
failed, parse_errors, passed, planned, skipped, todo, todo_passed,
wait, exit
Failed tests, Parse errors, Bad exit or wait status
See Also
TAP::Parser::Grammar - A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
TAP GRAMMAR
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Iterator - Base class for TAP source iterators
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array - Iterator for array-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process - Iterator for process-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream - Iterator for filehandle-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory - Figures out which SourceHandler objects to
use for a given Source
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Multiplexer - Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
See Also
TAP::Parser::Result - Base class for TAP::Parser output objects
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Boolean methods
"is_plan", "is_pragma", "is_test", "is_comment", "is_bailout",
"is_version", "is_unknown", "is_yaml"
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout - Bailout result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment - Comment result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::Plan - Plan result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma - TAP pragma token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::Test - Test result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown - Unknown result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"
TAP::Parser::Result::Version - TAP syntax version token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML - YAML result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::ResultFactory - Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Scheduler - Schedule tests during parallel testing
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Rules data structure
By default, all tests are eligible to be run in parallel.
Specifying any of your own rules removes this one, "First match
wins". The first rule that matches a test will be the one that
applies, Any test which does not match a rule will be run in
sequence at the end of the run, The existence of a rule does not
imply selecting a test. You must still specify the tests to run,
Specifying a rule to allow tests to run in parallel does not
make the run in parallel. You still need specify the number of
parallel "jobs" in your Harness object
Instance Methods
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job - A single testing job.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Attributes
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner - A no-op job.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::Source - a TAP source & meta data about it
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler - Base class for different TAP source handlers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable - Stream output from an executable
TAP source
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File - Stream TAP from a text file.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
CONFIGURATION
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle - Stream TAP from an IO::Handle or a
GLOB.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl - Stream TAP from a Perl executable
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP - Stream output from raw TAP in a
scalar/array ref.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader - Read YAMLish data from iterator
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer - Write YAMLish data
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
a reference to a scalar to append YAML to, the handle of an open
file, a reference to an array into which YAML will be pushed, a
code reference
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Supported Colors
Function Interface
color(ATTR[, ATTR ...]), colored(STRING, ATTR[, ATTR ...]),
colored(ATTR-REF, STRING[, STRING...]), uncolor(ESCAPE),
colorstrip(STRING[, STRING ...]), colorvalid(ATTR[, ATTR ...]),
coloralias(ALIAS[, ATTR ...])
Constant Interface
The Color Stack
Supporting CLICOLOR
DIAGNOSTICS
Bad color mapping %s, Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not
allowed while "strict subs" in use, Cannot alias standard color %s,
Cannot alias standard color %s in %s, Invalid alias name %s, Invalid
alias name %s in %s, Invalid attribute name %s, Invalid attribute
name %s in %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma
allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
ENVIRONMENT
ANSI_COLORS_ALIASES, ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED, NO_COLOR
COMPATIBILITY
RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM
Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH
Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH
Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH
Trequire
EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR
Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various "readline" packages. If no real
package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions
"ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN", "OUT", "MinLine",
"findConsole", Attribs, "Features"
Additional supported functions
"tkRunning", "event_loop", "ornaments", "newTTY"
EXPORTS
ENVIRONMENT
Term::Table - Format a header and rows into a table
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
INTERFACE
OPTIONS
header => [ ... ], rows => [ [...], [...], ... ], collapse =>
$bool, max_width => $num, pad => $num, allow_overflow => $bool,
sanitize => $bool, mark_tail => $bool, show_header => $bool,
auto_columns => $bool, no_collapse => [ $col_num_a, $col_num_b,
... ], no_collapse => [ $col_name_a, $col_name_b, ... ],
no_collapse => { $col_num_a => 1, $col_num_b => 1, ... },
no_collapse => { $col_name_a => 1, $col_name_b => 1, ... }
NOTE ON UNICODE/WIDE CHARACTERS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Term::Table::Cell - Representation of a cell in a table.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Term::Table::CellStack - Combine several cells into one (vertical)
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Term::Table::HashBase - Build hash based classes.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THIS IS A BUNDLED COPY OF HASHBASE
METHODS
PROVIDED BY HASH BASE
$it = $class->new(%PAIRS), $it = $class->new(\%PAIRS), $it =
$class->new(\@ORDERED_VALUES)
HOOKS
$self->init()
ACCESSORS
READ/WRITE
foo(), set_foo(), FOO()
READ ONLY
set_foo()
DEPRECATED SETTER
set_foo()
NO SETTER
NO READER
CONSTANT ONLY
SUBCLASSING
GETTING A LIST OF ATTRIBUTES FOR A CLASS
@list = Term::Table::HashBase::attr_list($class), @list =
$class->Term::Table::HashBase::attr_list()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Term::Table::LineBreak - Break up lines for use in tables.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Term::Table::Util - Utilities for Term::Table.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
CONSTANTS
$bool = USE_GCS, $bool = USE_TERM_READKEY
UTILITIES
$width = term_size(), $width = uni_length($string)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK START GUIDE
Functions
plan(...), "tests => number", "todo => [1,5,14]", "onfail => sub
{ ... }", "onfail => \&some_sub"
_to_value
ok(...)
"skip(skip_if_true, args...)"
TEST TYPES
NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
ONFAIL
BUGS and CAVEATS
ENVIRONMENT
NOTE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
Test2 - Framework for writing test tools that all work together.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS NEW?
Easier to test new testing tools, Better diagnostics
capabilities, Event driven, More complete API, Support for
output other than TAP, Subtest implementation is more sane,
Support for threading/forking
GETTING STARTED
Test2, This describes the namespace layout for the Test2 ecosystem. Not all
the namespaces listed here are part of the Test2 distribution, some are
implemented in Test2::Suite.
Test2::Tools::
Test2::Plugin::
Test2::Bundle::
Test2::Require::
Test2::Formatter::
Test2::Event::
Test2::Hub::
Test2::IPC::
Test2::Util::
Test2::API::
Test2::
SEE ALSO
CONTACTING US
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API - Primary interface for writing Test2 based testing tools.
***INTERNALS NOTE***
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
WRITING A TOOL
TESTING YOUR TOOLS
OTHER API FUNCTIONS
MAIN API EXPORTS
context(...)
$ctx = context(), $ctx = context(%params), level => $int,
wrapped => $int, stack => $stack, hub => $hub, on_init => sub {
... }, on_release => sub { ... }
release($;$)
release $ctx;, release $ctx, ...;
context_do(&;@)
no_context(&;$)
no_context { ... };, no_context { ... } $hid;
intercept(&)
run_subtest(...)
$NAME, \&CODE, $BUFFERED or \%PARAMS, 'buffered' => $bool,
'inherit_trace' => $bool, 'no_fork' => $bool, @ARGS, Things not
affected by this flag, Things that are affected by this flag,
Things that are formatter dependent
OTHER API EXPORTS
STATUS AND INITIALIZATION STATE
$bool = test2_init_done(), $bool = test2_load_done(),
test2_set_is_end(), test2_set_is_end($bool), $bool =
test2_get_is_end(), $stack = test2_stack(), $bool =
test2_is_testing_done(), test2_ipc_disable, $bool =
test2_ipc_disabled, test2_ipc_wait_enable(),
test2_ipc_wait_disable(), $bool = test2_ipc_wait_enabled(),
$bool = test2_no_wait(), test2_no_wait($bool), $fh =
test2_stdout(), $fh = test2_stderr(), test2_reset_io()
BEHAVIOR HOOKS
test2_add_callback_exit(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_post_load(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_testing_done(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_context_acquire(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_context_init(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_context_release(sub { ... }),
test2_add_callback_pre_subtest(sub { ... }), @list =
test2_list_context_acquire_callbacks(), @list =
test2_list_context_init_callbacks(), @list =
test2_list_context_release_callbacks(), @list =
test2_list_exit_callbacks(), @list =
test2_list_post_load_callbacks(), @list =
test2_list_pre_subtest_callbacks(), test2_add_uuid_via(sub { ...
}), $sub = test2_add_uuid_via()
IPC AND CONCURRENCY
$bool = test2_has_ipc(), $ipc = test2_ipc(),
test2_ipc_add_driver($DRIVER), @drivers = test2_ipc_drivers(),
$bool = test2_ipc_polling(), test2_ipc_enable_polling(),
test2_ipc_disable_polling(), test2_ipc_enable_shm(),
test2_ipc_set_pending($uniq_val), $pending =
test2_ipc_get_pending(), $timeout = test2_ipc_get_timeout(),
test2_ipc_set_timeout($timeout)
MANAGING FORMATTERS
$formatter = test2_formatter,
test2_formatter_set($class_or_instance), @formatters =
test2_formatters(), test2_formatter_add($class_or_instance)
TIME STAMPS
test2_enable_trace_stamps(), test2_disable_trace_stamps(), $bool
= test2_trace_stamps_enabled()
OTHER EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
MAGIC
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::Breakage - What breaks at what version
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
%mod_ver = upgrade_suggested(), %mod_ver =
Test2::API::Breakage->upgrade_suggested(), %mod_ver =
upgrade_required(), %mod_ver =
Test2::API::Breakage->upgrade_required(), %mod_ver = known_broken(),
%mod_ver = Test2::API::Breakage->known_broken()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::Context - Object to represent a testing context.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
CRITICAL DETAILS
you MUST always use the context() sub from Test2::API, You MUST
always release the context when done with it, You MUST NOT pass
context objects around, You MUST NOT store or cache a context for
later, You SHOULD obtain your context as soon as possible in a given
tool
METHODS
$ctx->done_testing;, $clone = $ctx->snapshot(), $ctx->release(),
$ctx->throw($message), $ctx->alert($message), $stack =
$ctx->stack(), $hub = $ctx->hub(), $dbg = $ctx->trace(),
$ctx->do_in_context(\&code, @args);, $ctx->restore_error_vars(), $!
= $ctx->errno(), $? = $ctx->child_error(), $@ = $ctx->eval_error()
EVENT PRODUCTION METHODS
$event = $ctx->pass(), $event = $ctx->pass($name), $true =
$ctx->pass_and_release(), $true = $ctx->pass_and_release($name),
my $event = $ctx->fail(), my $event = $ctx->fail($name), my
$event = $ctx->fail($name, @diagnostics), my $false =
$ctx->fail_and_release(), my $false =
$ctx->fail_and_release($name), my $false =
$ctx->fail_and_release($name, @diagnostics), $event =
$ctx->ok($bool, $name), $event = $ctx->ok($bool, $name,
\@on_fail), $event = $ctx->note($message), $event =
$ctx->diag($message), $event = $ctx->plan($max), $event =
$ctx->plan(0, 'SKIP', $reason), $event = $ctx->skip($name,
$reason);, $event = $ctx->bail($reason), $event =
$ctx->send_ev2(%facets), $event = $ctx->build_e2(%facets),
$event = $ctx->send_ev2_and_release($Type, %parameters), $event
= $ctx->send_event($Type, %parameters), $event =
$ctx->build_event($Type, %parameters), $event =
$ctx->send_event_and_release($Type, %parameters)
HOOKS
INIT HOOKS
RELEASE HOOKS
THIRD PARTY META-DATA
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::Instance - Object used by Test2::API under the hood
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
$pid = $obj->pid, $obj->tid, $obj->reset(), $obj->load(), $bool =
$obj->loaded, $arrayref = $obj->post_load_callbacks,
$obj->add_post_load_callback(sub { ... }), $hashref =
$obj->contexts(), $arrayref = $obj->context_acquire_callbacks,
$arrayref = $obj->context_init_callbacks, $arrayref =
$obj->context_release_callbacks, $arrayref =
$obj->pre_subtest_callbacks, $obj->add_context_init_callback(sub {
... }), $obj->add_context_release_callback(sub { ... }),
$obj->add_pre_subtest_callback(sub { ... }), $obj->set_exit(),
$obj->set_ipc_pending($val), $pending = $obj->get_ipc_pending(),
$timeout = $obj->ipc_timeout;, $obj->set_ipc_timeout($timeout);,
$drivers = $obj->ipc_drivers, $obj->add_ipc_driver($DRIVER_CLASS),
$bool = $obj->ipc_polling, $obj->enable_ipc_polling,
$obj->disable_ipc_polling, $bool = $obj->no_wait, $bool =
$obj->set_no_wait($bool), $arrayref = $obj->exit_callbacks,
$obj->add_exit_callback(sub { ... }), $bool = $obj->finalized, $ipc
= $obj->ipc, $obj->ipc_disable, $bool = $obj->ipc_disabled, $stack =
$obj->stack, $formatter = $obj->formatter, $bool =
$obj->formatter_set(), $obj->add_formatter($class),
$obj->add_formatter($obj), $obj->set_add_uuid_via(sub { ... }), $sub
= $obj->add_uuid_via()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::InterceptResult - Representation of a list of events.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
CONSTRUCTION
$events = Test2::API::InterceptResult->new(@EVENTS), $events =
Test2::API::InterceptResult->new_from_ref(\@EVENTS), $clone =
$events->clone()
NORMALIZATION
@events = $events->event_list, $hub = $events->hub, $state =
$events->state, $new = $events->upgrade,
$events->upgrade(in_place => $BOOL), $new =
$events->squash_info, $events->squash_info(in_place => $BOOL)
FILTERING
in_place => $BOOL, args => \@ARGS, $events->grep($CALL,
%PARAMS), $events->asserts(%PARAMS), $events->subtests(%PARAMS),
$events->diags(%PARAMS), $events->notes(%PARAMS),
$events->errors(%PARAMS), $events->plans(%PARAMS),
$events->causes_fail(%PARAMS), $events->causes_failure(%PARAMS)
MAPPING
$arrayref = $events->map($CALL, %PARAMS), $arrayref =
$events->flatten(%PARAMS), $arrayref = $events->briefs(%PARAMS),
$arrayref = $events->summaries(%PARAMS), $arrayref =
$events->subtest_results(%PARAMS), $arrayref =
$events->diag_messages(%PARAMS), $arrayref =
$events->note_messages(%PARAMS), $arrayref =
$events->error_messages(%PARAMS)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::InterceptResult::Event - Representation of an event for use in
testing other test tools.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
!!! IMPORTANT NOTES ON DESIGN !!!
ATTRIBUTES
$hashref = $event->facet_data, $class = $event->result_class
DUPLICATION
$copy = $event->clone
CONDENSED MULTI-FACET DATA
$bool = $event->causes_failure, $bool = $event->causes_fail,
STRING_OR_EMPTY_LIST = $event->brief, $hashref =
$event->flatten, $hashref = $event->flatten(include_subevents =>
1), always present, Present if the event has a trace facet, If
an assertion is present, If a plan is present:, If amnesty
facets are present, If Info (note/diag) facets are present, If
error facets are present, Present if the event is a subtest, If
a bail-out is being requested, $hashref = $event->summary()
DIRECT ARBITRARY FACET ACCESS
@list_of_facets = $event->facet($name), $undef_or_facet =
$event->the_facet($name)
TRACE FACET
@list_of_facets = $event->trace, $undef_or_hashref =
$event->the_trace, $undef_or_arrayref = $event->frame,
$undef_or_string = $event->trace_details, $undef_or_string =
$event->trace_package, $undef_or_string = $event->trace_file,
$undef_or_integer = $event->trace_line, $undef_or_string =
$event->trace_subname, $undef_or_string = $event->trace_tool,
$undef_or_string = $event->trace_signature
ASSERT FACET
$bool = $event->has_assert, $undef_or_hashref =
$event->the_assert, @list_of_facets = $event->assert,
EMPTY_LIST_OR_STRING = $event->assert_brief
SUBTESTS (PARENT FACET)
$bool = $event->has_subtest, $undef_or_hashref =
$event->the_subtest, @list_of_facets = $event->subtest,
EMPTY_LIST_OR_OBJECT = $event->subtest_result
CONTROL FACET (BAILOUT, ENCODING)
$bool = $event->has_bailout, $undef_hashref =
$event->the_bailout, EMPTY_LIST_OR_HASHREF = $event->bailout,
EMPTY_LIST_OR_STRING = $event->bailout_brief,
EMPTY_LIST_OR_STRING = $event->bailout_reason
PLAN FACET
$bool = $event->has_plan, $undef_or_hashref = $event->the_plan,
@list_if_hashrefs = $event->plan, EMPTY_LIST_OR_STRING
$event->plan_brief
AMNESTY FACET (TODO AND SKIP)
$event->has_amnesty, $event->the_amnesty, $event->amnesty,
$event->amnesty_reasons, $event->has_todos, $event->todos,
$event->todo_reasons, $event->has_skips, $event->skips,
$event->skip_reasons, $event->has_other_amnesty,
$event->other_amnesty, $event->other_amnesty_reasons
ERROR FACET (CAPTURED EXCEPTIONS)
$event->has_errors, $event->the_errors, $event->errors,
$event->error_messages, $event->error_brief
INFO FACET (DIAG, NOTE)
$event->has_info, $event->the_info, $event->info,
$event->info_messages, $event->has_diags, $event->diags,
$event->diag_messages, $event->has_notes, $event->notes,
$event->note_messages, $event->has_other_info,
$event->other_info, $event->other_info_messages
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::InterceptResult::Hub - Hub used by InterceptResult.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::InterceptResult::Squasher - Encapsulation of the algorithm that
squashes diags into assertions.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::API::Stack - Object to manage a stack of Test2::Hub instances.
***INTERNALS NOTE***
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$stack = Test2::API::Stack->new(), $hub = $stack->new_hub(), $hub =
$stack->new_hub(%params), $hub = $stack->new_hub(%params, class =>
$class), $hub = $stack->top(), $hub = $stack->peek(), $stack->cull,
@hubs = $stack->all, $stack->clear, $stack->push($hub),
$stack->pop($hub)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::AsyncSubtest - Object representing an async subtest.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
CONSTRUCTION
name => $name (required), send_to => $hub (optional), trace =>
$trace (optional), hub => $hub (optional)
METHODS
SIMPLE ACCESSORS
$bool = $ast->active, $arrayref = $ast->children, $arrayref =
$ast->events, $bool = $ast->finished, $hub = $ast->hub, $int =
$ast->id, $str = $ast->name, $pid = $ast->pid, $tid = $ast->tid,
$hub = $ast->send_to, $arrayref = $ast->stack, $trace =
$ast->trace
INTERFACE
$ast->attach($id), $id = $ast->cleave, $ctx = $ast->context,
$ast->detach, $ast->finish, $ast->finish(%options), collapse =>
1, silent => 1, no_plan => 1, skip => "reason", $out =
$ast->fork, $bool = $ast->pending, $bool = $ast->ready,
$ast->run(sub { ... }), $pid = $ast->run_fork(sub { ... }), my
$thr = $ast->run_thread(sub { ... });, $passing = $ast->start,
$ast->stop, $ast->wait
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::AsyncSubtest::Event::Attach - Event to attach a subtest to the
parent.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::AsyncSubtest::Event::Detach - Event to detach a subtest from the
parent.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::AsyncSubtest::Hub - Hub used by async subtests.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$ast = $hub->ast
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Bundle - Documentation for bundles.
DESCRIPTION
FAQ Should my bundle subclass Test2::Bundle?
HOW DO I WRITE A BUNDLE?
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Bundle::Extended - Old name for Test2::V0
*** DEPRECATED ***
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
RESOLVING CONFLICTS WITH MOOSE
TAGS
:v1, :DEFAULT
RENAMING ON IMPORT
':v1', '!ok', ok => {-as => 'my_ok'}
PRAGMAS
STRICT
WARNINGS
UTF8
PLUGINS
SRAND
UTF8
EXIT SUMMARY
API FUNCTIONS
$ctx = context(), $events = intercept { ... }
TOOLS
TARGET
$CLASS, $class = CLASS()
DEFER
def $func => @args;, do_def()
BASIC
ok($bool, $name), pass($name), fail($name), diag($message),
note($message), $todo = todo($reason), todo $reason => sub { ...
}, skip($reason, $count), plan($count), skip_all($reason),
done_testing(), bail_out($reason)
COMPARE
is($got, $want, $name), isnt($got, $do_not_want, $name),
like($got, qr/match/, $name), unlike($got, qr/mismatch/, $name),
$check = match(qr/pattern/), $check = mismatch(qr/pattern/),
$check = validator(sub { return $bool }), $check = hash { ... },
$check = array { ... }, $check = bag { ... }, $check = object {
... }, $check = meta { ... }, $check = number($num), $check =
string($str), $check = check_isa($class_name), $check =
in_set(@things), $check = not_in_set(@things), $check =
check_set(@things), $check = item($thing), $check = item($idx =>
$thing), $check = field($name => $val), $check = call($method =>
$expect), $check = call_list($method => $expect), $check =
call_hash($method => $expect), $check = prop($name => $expect),
$check = check($thing), $check = T(), $check = F(), $check =
D(), $check = DF(), $check = E(), $check = DNE(), $check =
FDNE(), $check = U(), $check = L(), $check = exact_ref($ref),
end(), etc(), filter_items { grep { ... } @_ }, $check = event
$type => .., @checks = fail_events $type => ..
CLASSIC COMPARE
cmp_ok($got, $op, $want, $name)
SUBTEST
subtest $name => sub { ... }
CLASS
can_ok($thing, @methods), isa_ok($thing, @classes),
DOES_ok($thing, @roles)
ENCODING
set_encoding($encoding)
EXPORTS
imported_ok('function', '$scalar', ...),
not_imported_ok('function', '$scalar', ...)
REF ref_ok($ref, $type), ref_is($got, $want), ref_is_not($got,
$do_not_want)
MOCK
$control = mock .., $bool = mocked($thing)
EXCEPTION
$exception = dies { ... }, $bool = lives { ... }, $bool = try_ok
{ ... }
WARNINGS
$count = warns { ... }, $warning = warning { ... },
$warnings_ref = warnings { ... }, $bool = no_warnings { ... }
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Bundle::More - ALMOST a drop-in replacement for Test::More.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
PLUGINS
TOOLS
ok($bool, $name), pass($name), fail($name), skip($why, $count),
$todo = todo($why), diag($message), note($message), plan($count),
skip_all($why), done_testing(), BAIL_OUT($why), is($got, $want,
$name), isnt($got, $donotwant, $name), like($got, qr/match/, $name),
unlike($got, qr/mismatch/, $name), is_deeply($got, $want, "Deep
compare"), cmp_ok($got, $op, $want, $name), isa_ok($thing,
@classes), can_ok($thing, @subs), subtest $name => sub { ... }
KEY DIFFERENCES FROM Test::More
You cannot plan at import, You have three subs imported for use in
planning, isa_ok accepts different arguments
THESE FUNCTIONS AND VARIABLES HAVE BEEN REMOVED
$TODO, use_ok(), require_ok(), todo_skip(), eq_array(),
eq_hash(), eq_set(), explain(), new_ok()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Bundle::Simple - ALMOST a drop-in replacement for Test::Simple.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
PLUGINS
TOOLS
ok($bool, $name), plan($count), skip_all($reason), done_testing();
KEY DIFFERENCES FROM Test::Simple
You cannot plan at import, You have three subs imported for use in
planning
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare - Test2 extension for writing deep comparison tools.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$delta = compare($got, $expect, \&convert), $build = get_build(),
push_build($build), $build = pop_build($build), build($class, sub {
... }), $check = convert($thing), $check = convert($thing, $config),
implicit_end => 1, use_regex => 1, use_code => 0, $check =
strict_convert($thing), implicit_end => 1, use_code => 0, use_regex
=> 0, $compare = relaxed_convert($thing), implicit_end => 0,
use_code => 1, use_regex => 1
WRITING A VARIANT OF IS/LIKE
compare(), \&convert, $delta
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Array - Internal representation of an array comparison.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$ref = $arr->inref(), $bool = $arr->ending, $arr->set_ending($bool),
$hashref = $arr->items(), $arr->set_items($hashref), $arrayref =
$arr->order(), $arr->set_order($arrayref), $name = $arr->name(),
$bool = $arr->verify(got => $got, exists => $bool), $idx =
$arr->top_index(), $arr->add_item($item), $arr->add_item($idx =>
$item), $arr->add_filter(sub { ... }), @deltas = $arr->deltas(got =>
$got, convert => \&convert, seen => \%seen)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Bag - Internal representation of a bag comparison.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$bool = $arr->ending, $arr->set_ending($bool), $arrayref =
$arr->items(), $arr->set_items($arrayref), $name = $arr->name(),
$bool = $arr->verify(got => $got, exists => $bool),
$arr->add_item($item), @deltas = $arr->deltas(got => $got, convert
=> \&convert, seen => \%seen)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Gianni Ceccarelli
<dakkar@thenautilus.net>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Gianni Ceccarelli
<dakkar@thenautilus.net>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Base - Base class for comparison classes.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$dclass = $check->delta_class, @deltas = $check->deltas(id => $id,
exists => $bool, got => $got, convert => \&convert, seen => \%seen),
@lines = $check->got_lines($got), $op = $check->operator(), $op =
$check->operator($got), $bool = $check->verify(id => $id, exists =>
$bool, got => $got, convert => \&convert, seen => \%seen), $name =
$check->name, $display = $check->render, $delta = $check->run(id =>
$id, exists => $bool, got => $got, convert => \&convert, seen =>
\%seen)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Bool - Compare two values as booleans
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Custom - Custom field check for comparisons.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ARGUMENTS
got, $_, exists, operator, name
METHODS
$code = $cus->code, $name = $cus->name, $op = $cus->operator,
$stringify = $cus->stringify_got, $bool = $cus->verify(got => $got,
exists => $bool)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Daniel Böhmer <dboehmer@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::DeepRef - Ref comparison
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Delta - Representation of differences between nested data
structures.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
CLASS METHODS
$class->add_column($NAME => sub { ... }),
$class->add_column($NAME, %PARAMS), $bool =
$class->remove_column($NAME), $class->set_column_alias($NAME,
$ALIAS)
ATTRIBUTES
$bool = $delta->verified, $delta->set_verified($bool), $aref =
$delta->id, $delta->set_id([$type, $name]), $val = $delta->got,
$delta->set_got($val), $check = $delta->chk, $check =
$delta->check, $delta->set_chk($check),
$delta->set_check($check), $aref = $delta->children,
$delta->set_children([$delta1, $delta2, ...]), $dne =
$delta->dne, $delta->set_dne($dne), $e = $delta->exception,
$delta->set_exception($e)
OTHER
$string = $delta->render_got, $string = $delta->render_check,
$bool = $delta->should_show, $aref = $delta->filter_visible,
$aref = $delta->table_header, $string = $delta->table_op,
$string = $delta->table_check_lines, $string =
$delta->table_got_lines, $aref = $delta->table_rows,
@table_lines = $delta->table
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Event - Event specific Object subclass.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::EventMeta - Meta class for events in deep comparisons
DESCRIPTION
DEFINED CHECKS
file, line, package, subname, debug, tid, pid
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Float - Compare two values as numbers with tolerance.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Andrew Grangaard <spazm@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Hash - Representation of a hash in a deep comparison.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Isa - Check if the value is an instance of the class.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, TOYAMA Nao <nanto@moon.email.ne.jp>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Meta - Check library for meta-checks
DESCRIPTION
DEFINED CHECKS
blessed, reftype, isa, this, size
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Negatable - Poor mans 'role' for compare objects that can be
negated.
DESCRIPTION
WHY?
ATTRIBUTES
$bool = $obj->negate, $obj->set_negate($bool), $attr = NEGATE()
METHODS
$clone = $obj->clone_negate(), $obj->toggle_negate()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Number - Compare two values as numbers
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Object - Representation of an object during deep comparison.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$class = $obj->meta_class, $class = $obj->object_base,
$obj->add_prop(...), $obj->add_field(...), $obj->add_item(...),
$obj->add_call($method, $check), $obj->add_call($method, $check,
$name), $obj->add_call($method, $check, $name, $context)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::OrderedSubset - Internal representation of an ordered
subset.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$ref = $arr->inref(), $arrayref = $arr->items(),
$arr->set_items($arrayref), $name = $arr->name(), $bool =
$arr->verify(got => $got, exists => $bool), $arr->add_item($item),
@deltas = $arr->deltas(got => $got, convert => \&convert, seen =>
\%seen)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Pattern - Use a pattern to validate values in a deep
comparison.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Ref - Ref comparison
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Regex - Regex direct comparison
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Scalar - Representation of a Scalar Ref in deep comparisons
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Set - Allows a field to be matched against a set of checks.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::String - Compare two values as strings
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Undef - Check that something is undefined
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Compare::Wildcard - Placeholder check.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event - Base class for events
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
GENERAL
$trace = $e->trace, $bool_or_undef = $e->related($e2),
$e->add_amnesty({tag => $TAG, details => $DETAILS});, $uuid =
$e->uuid, $class = $e->load_facet($name), @classes =
$e->FACET_TYPES(), @classes = Test2::Event->FACET_TYPES()
NEW API
$hashref = $e->common_facet_data();, $hashref =
$e->facet_data(), $hashref = $e->facets(), @errors =
$e->validate_facet_data();, @errors =
$e->validate_facet_data(%params);, @errors =
$e->validate_facet_data(\%facets, %params);, @errors =
Test2::Event->validate_facet_data(%params);, @errors =
Test2::Event->validate_facet_data(\%facets, %params);,
require_facet_class => $BOOL, about => {...}, assert => {...},
control => {...}, meta => {...}, parent => {...}, plan => {...},
trace => {...}, amnesty => [{...}, ...], errors => [{...}, ...],
info => [{...}, ...]
LEGACY API
$bool = $e->causes_fail, $bool = $e->increments_count,
$e->callback($hub), $num = $e->nested, $bool = $e->global, $code
= $e->terminate, $msg = $e->summary, ($count, $directive,
$reason) = $e->sets_plan(), $bool = $e->diagnostics, $bool =
$e->no_display, $id = $e->in_subtest, $id = $e->subtest_id
THIRD PARTY META-DATA
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Bail - Bailout!
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$reason = $e->reason
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Diag - Diag event type
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ACCESSORS
$diag->message
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Encoding - Set the encoding for the output stream
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$encoding = $e->encoding
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Exception - Exception event
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$reason = $e->error
CAVEATS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Fail - Event for a simple failed assertion
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Generic - Generic event type.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$e->facet_data($data), $data = $e->facet_data, $e->callback($hub),
$e->set_callback(sub { ... }), $bool = $e->causes_fail,
$e->set_causes_fail($bool), $bool = $e->diagnostics,
$e->set_diagnostics($bool), $bool_or_undef = $e->global,
@bool_or_empty = $e->global, $e->set_global($bool_or_undef), $bool =
$e->increments_count, $e->set_increments_count($bool), $bool =
$e->no_display, $e->set_no_display($bool), @plan = $e->sets_plan,
$e->set_sets_plan(\@plan), $summary = $e->summary,
$e->set_summary($summary_or_undef), $int_or_undef = $e->terminate,
@int_or_empty = $e->terminate, $e->set_terminate($int_or_undef)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Note - Note event type
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ACCESSORS
$note->message
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Ok - Ok event type
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ACCESSORS
$rb = $e->pass, $name = $e->name, $b = $e->effective_pass
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Pass - Event for a simple passing assertion
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Plan - The event of a plan
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ACCESSORS
$num = $plan->max, $dir = $plan->directive, $reason = $plan->reason
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Skip - Skip event type
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ACCESSORS
$reason = $e->reason
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Subtest - Event for subtest types
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS
$arrayref = $e->subevents, $bool = $e->buffered
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::TAP::Version - Event for TAP version.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$version = $e->version
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::V2 - Second generation event.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
USING A CONTEXT
USING THE CONSTRUCTOR
METHODS
$fd = $e->facet_data(), $about = $e->about(), $trace = $e->trace()
MUTATION
$e->add_amnesty({...}), $e->add_hub({...}), $e->set_uuid($UUID),
$e->set_trace($trace)
LEGACY SUPPORT METHODS
causes_fail, diagnostics, global, increments_count, no_display,
sets_plan, subtest_id, summary, terminate
THIRD PARTY META-DATA
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Event::Waiting - Tell all procs/threads it is time to be done
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet - Base class for all event facets.
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
$key = $facet_class->facet_key(), $bool = $facet_class->is_list(),
$clone = $facet->clone(), $clone = $facet->clone(%replace)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::About - Facet with event details.
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $about->{details}, $string = $about->details(), $package =
$about->{package}, $package = $about->package(), $bool =
$about->{no_display}, $bool = $about->no_display(), $uuid =
$about->{uuid}, $uuid = $about->uuid(), $uuid = $about->{eid}, $uuid
= $about->eid()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Amnesty - Facet for assertion amnesty.
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
FIELDS
$string = $amnesty->{details}, $string = $amnesty->details(),
$short_string = $amnesty->{tag}, $short_string = $amnesty->tag(),
$bool = $amnesty->{inherited}, $bool = $amnesty->inherited()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Assert - Facet representing an assertion.
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $assert->{details}, $string = $assert->details(), $bool =
$assert->{pass}, $bool = $assert->pass(), $bool =
$assert->{no_debug}, $bool = $assert->no_debug(), $int =
$assert->{number}, $int = $assert->number()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Control - Facet for hub actions and behaviors.
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $control->{details}, $string = $control->details(), $bool
= $control->{global}, $bool = $control->global(), $exit =
$control->{terminate}, $exit = $control->terminate(), $bool =
$control->{halt}, $bool = $control->halt(), $bool =
$control->{has_callback}, $bool = $control->has_callback(),
$encoding = $control->{encoding}, $encoding = $control->encoding(),
$phase = $control->{phase}, $phase = $control->phase()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Error - Facet for errors that need to be shown.
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
FIELDS
$string = $error->{details}, $string = $error->details(),
$short_string = $error->{tag}, $short_string = $error->tag(), $bool
= $error->{fail}, $bool = $error->fail()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Hub - Facet for the hubs an event passes through.
DESCRIPTION
FACET FIELDS
$string = $trace->{details}, $string = $trace->details(), $int =
$trace->{pid}, $int = $trace->pid(), $int = $trace->{tid}, $int =
$trace->tid(), $hid = $trace->{hid}, $hid = $trace->hid(), $huuid =
$trace->{huuid}, $huuid = $trace->huuid(), $int = $trace->{nested},
$int = $trace->nested(), $bool = $trace->{buffered}, $bool =
$trace->buffered()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Info - Facet for information a developer might care
about.
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
FIELDS
$string_or_structure = $info->{details}, $string_or_structure =
$info->details(), $structure = $info->{table}, $structure =
$info->table(), $short_string = $info->{tag}, $short_string =
$info->tag(), $bool = $info->{debug}, $bool = $info->debug(), $bool
= $info->{important}, $bool = $info->important
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Info::Table - Intermediary representation of a table.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ATTRIBUTES
$header_aref = $t->header(), $rows_aref = $t->rows(), $bool =
$t->collapse(), $aref = $t->no_collapse(), $str = $t->as_string(),
$href = $t->as_hash(), %args = $t->info_args()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Meta - Facet for meta-data
DESCRIPTION
METHODS AND FIELDS
$anything = $meta->{anything}, $anything = $meta->anything()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Parent - Facet for events contains other events
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $parent->{details}, $string = $parent->details(), $hid =
$parent->{hid}, $hid = $parent->hid(), $arrayref =
$parent->{children}, $arrayref = $parent->children(), $bool =
$parent->{buffered}, $bool = $parent->buffered()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Plan - Facet for setting the plan
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $plan->{details}, $string = $plan->details(),
$positive_int = $plan->{count}, $positive_int = $plan->count(),
$bool = $plan->{skip}, $bool = $plan->skip(), $bool = $plan->{none},
$bool = $plan->none()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Render - Facet that dictates how to render an event.
DESCRIPTION
FIELDS
$string = $render->[#]->{details}, $string =
$render->[#]->details(), $string = $render->[#]->{tag}, $string =
$render->[#]->tag(), $string = $render->[#]->{facet}, $string =
$render->[#]->facet(), $mode = $render->[#]->{mode}, $mode =
$render->[#]->mode(), calculated, replace
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::EventFacet::Trace - Debug information for events
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
FACET FIELDS
$string = $trace->{details}, $string = $trace->details(), $frame =
$trace->{frame}, $frame = $trace->frame(), $int = $trace->{pid},
$int = $trace->pid(), $int = $trace->{tid}, $int = $trace->tid(),
$id = $trace->{cid}, $id = $trace->cid(), $uuid = $trace->{uuid},
$uuid = $trace->uuid(), ($pkg, $file, $line, $subname) =
$trace->call, @caller = $trace->full_call, $warning_bits =
$trace->warning_bits
DISCOURAGED HUB RELATED FIELDS
$hid = $trace->{hid}, $hid = $trace->hid(), $huuid =
$trace->{huuid}, $huuid = $trace->huuid(), $int =
$trace->{nested}, $int = $trace->nested(), $bool =
$trace->{buffered}, $bool = $trace->buffered()
METHODS
$trace->set_detail($msg), $msg = $trace->detail, $str =
$trace->debug, $trace->alert($MESSAGE), $trace->throw($MESSAGE),
($package, $file, $line, $subname) = $trace->call(), $pkg =
$trace->package, $file = $trace->file, $line = $trace->line,
$subname = $trace->subname, $sig = trace->signature
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Formatter - Namespace for formatters.
DESCRIPTION
CREATING FORMATTERS
The number of tests that were planned, The number of tests actually
seen, The number of tests which failed, A boolean indicating whether
or not the test suite passed, A boolean indicating whether or not
this call is for a subtest
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Formatter::TAP - Standard TAP formatter
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$bool = $tap->no_numbers, $tap->set_no_numbers($bool), $arrayref =
$tap->handles, $tap->set_handles(\@handles);, $encoding =
$tap->encoding, $tap->encoding($encoding), $tap->write($e, $num)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Hub - The conduit through which all events flow.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
COMMON TASKS
SENDING EVENTS
ALTERING OR REMOVING EVENTS
LISTENING FOR EVENTS
POST-TEST BEHAVIORS
SETTING THE FORMATTER
METHODS
$hub->send($event), $hub->process($event), $old =
$hub->format($formatter), $sub = $hub->listen(sub { ... },
%optional_params), $hub->unlisten($sub), $sub = $hub->filter(sub {
... }, %optional_params), $sub = $hub->pre_filter(sub { ... },
%optional_params), $hub->unfilter($sub), $hub->pre_unfilter($sub),
$hub->follow_op(sub { ... }), $sub = $hub->add_context_acquire(sub {
... });, $hub->remove_context_acquire($sub);, $sub =
$hub->add_context_init(sub { ... });,
$hub->remove_context_init($sub);, $sub =
$hub->add_context_release(sub { ... });,
$hub->remove_context_release($sub);, $hub->cull(), $pid =
$hub->pid(), $tid = $hub->tid(), $hud = $hub->hid(), $uuid =
$hub->uuid(), $ipc = $hub->ipc(), $hub->set_no_ending($bool), $bool
= $hub->no_ending, $bool = $hub->active, $hub->set_active($bool)
STATE METHODS
$hub->reset_state(), $num = $hub->count, $num = $hub->failed,
$bool = $hub->ended, $bool = $hub->is_passing,
$hub->is_passing($bool), $hub->plan($plan), $plan = $hub->plan,
$bool = $hub->check_plan
THIRD PARTY META-DATA
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Hub::Interceptor - Hub used by interceptor to grab results.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Hub::Interceptor::Terminator - Exception class used by
Test2::Hub::Interceptor
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Hub::Subtest - Hub used by subtests
DESCRIPTION
TOGGLES
$bool = $hub->manual_skip_all, $hub->set_manual_skip_all($bool)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::IPC - Turn on IPC for threading or forking support.
SYNOPSIS
DISABLING IT
EXPORTS
cull()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::IPC::Driver - Base class for Test2 IPC drivers.
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
$self->abort($msg), $self->abort_trace($msg)
LOADING DRIVERS
WRITING DRIVERS
METHODS SUBCLASSES MUST IMPLEMENT
$ipc->is_viable, $ipc->add_hub($hid), $ipc->drop_hub($hid),
$ipc->send($hid, $event);, $ipc->send($hid, $event, $global);,
@events = $ipc->cull($hid), $ipc->waiting()
METHODS SUBCLASSES MAY IMPLEMENT OR OVERRIDE
$ipc->driver_abort($msg)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::IPC::Driver::Files - Temp dir + Files concurrency model.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
T2_KEEP_TEMPDIR=0, T2_TEMPDIR_TEMPLATE='test2-XXXXXX'
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual - Documentation hub for Test2 and Test2-Suite.
DESCRIPTION
WRITING TESTS
WRITING TOOLS
GUTS AND INNER WORKINGS
A NOTE ON CONCURRENCY (SUPPORT FOR FORKING AND THREADING)
CONTRIBUTING
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy - The hub for documentation of the inner workings of
Test2 components.
DESCRIPTION
END TO END
EVENTS
THE CONTEXT
THE API AND THE API INSTANCE
HUBS
THE IPC SYSTEM
INTERNAL UTILITIES
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::API - Internals documentation for the API.
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Test2::API
Test2::API::Instance
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Context - Internals documentation for the Context
objects.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS THE CONTEXT OBJECT?
PRIMARY INTERFACE FOR TEST TOOLS
TRACK FILE AND LINE NUMBERS FOR ERROR REPORTING
PRESERVE $?, $!, $^E AND $@
FINALIZE THE API STATE
FIND/CREATE THE CURRENT/ROOT HUB
PROVIDE HOOKS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::EndToEnd, Test2::Manual::EndToEnd - Overview of
Test2 from load to finish.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I LOAD THE API?
A singleton instance of Test2::API::Instance is created, Several API
functions are defined that use the singleton instance, Then what?
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I USE A TOOL?
A tool function is run, The tool acquires a context object, The tool
uses the context object to create, send, and return events, When
done the tool MUST release the context, The tool returns
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I ACQUIRE A CONTEXT?
$!, $@, $? and $^E are captured and preserved, The API state is
changed to 'loaded', The current hub is found, Context acquire hooks
fire, Any existing context is found, Stack depth is measured, A new
context is created (if no existing context was found), Context init
hooks fire (if no existing context was found), $!, $@, $?, and $^E
are restored, The context is returned
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I SEND AN EVENT?
The Test2::Event::Ok module is loaded, A new instance of
Test2::Event::Ok is created, The event object is sent to the hub,
The hub runs the event through any filters, The global test state is
updated to reflect the event, The event is sent to the formatter,
The event is sent to all listeners
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I RELEASE A CONTEXT?
The current context clone is released, If this was the canonical
context, it will actually release, Release hooks are called, The
context is cleared, $!, $@, $?, and $^E are restored
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I USE done_testing()?
Any pending IPC events will be culled, Follow-up hooks are run, The
final plan event is generated and processed, The current hub is
finalized
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A TEST SCRIPT IS DONE?
API Versions are checked, Any remaining context objects are cleaned
up, Child processes are sent a 'waiting' event, The script will wait
for all child processes and/or threads to complete, The hub stack is
cleaned up, The root hub is finalized, Exit callbacks are called,
The scripts exit value ($?) is set, Broken module diagnostics
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Event - The internals of events
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
THE EVENT OBJECT
THE FACET API
assert => {details => $name, pass => $bool, no_debug => $bool,
number => $maybe_int}, about => {details => $string, no_display =>
$bool, package => $pkg}, amnesty => [{details => $string, tag =>
$short_string, inherited => $bool}], control => {details => $string,
global => $bool, terminate => $maybe_int, halt => $bool,
has_callback => $bool, encoding => $enc}, errors => [{details =>
$string, tag => $short_string, fail => $bool}], info => [{details =>
$string, tag => $short_string, debug => $bool, important => $bool}],
parent => {details => $string, hid => $hid, children => [...],
buffered => 1}, plan => {details => $string, count => $int, skip =>
$bool, none => $bool}, trace => {details => $string, frame => [$pkg,
$file, $line, $sub], pid => $int, tid => $int, cid => $cid, hid =>
$hid, nested => $int, buffered => $bool}
CUSTOM FACETS
$string = $facet_class->facet_key, $bool = $facet_class->is_list
THE OLD API
$bool = $e->causes_fail, $bool = $e->increments_count,
$e->callback($hub), $num = $e->nested, $bool = $e->global, $code =
$e->terminate, $msg = $e->summary, ($count, $directive, $reason) =
$e->sets_plan(), $bool = $e->diagnostics, $bool = $e->no_display
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Hubs - Internals documentation for the hub stack,
and hubs.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A HUB?
WHY DO WE HAVE A HUB STACK?
subtests, testing your test tools
WHEN SHOULD I ADD A HUB TO THE STACK?
WHERE IS THE STACK?
WHAT ABOUT THE ROOT HUB?
HOW DO HUBS HANDLE IPC?
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::IPC - Manual for the IPC system.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS THE IPC SYSTEM
HOW DOES THE IPC SYSTEM EFFECT EVERYTHING?
WHAT DOES AN IPC DRIVER DO?
HOW DOES THE DEFAULT IPC DRIVER WORK?
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Anatomy::Utilities - Overview of utilities for Test2.
DESCRIPTION
Test2::Util
Test2::Util::ExternalMeta
Test2::Util::Facets2Legacy
Test2::Util::HashBase
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Concurrency - Documentation for Concurrency support.
FORKING
Test2
Test::Builder
Test2::Suite
Test::SharedFork
Others
THREADING
Test2
Test::Builder
Test2::Suite
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Contributing - How to contribute to the Test2 project.
DESCRIPTION
WAYS TO HELP
REPORT BUGS
Test2/Test-Builder/Test-More, Test2-Suite, Test2-Harness
SUBMIT PATCHES
ADD/UPDATE DOCUMENTATION
ANSWER QUESTIONS ON IRC/SLACK
WRITE NEW TOOLS USING TEST2
PORT OLD TOOLS TO TEST2
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Testing - Hub for documentation about writing tests with
Test2.
DESCRIPTION
Test2::Manual::Testing, When writing tests there are a couple namespaces to
focus on:
Test2::Tools::*, Test2::Plugins::*, Test2::Bundle::*, Test2::Require::*
LISTING DEPENDENCIES
TUTORIALS
SIMPLE/INTRODUCTION TUTORIAL
MIGRATING FROM TEST::BUILDER and TEST::MORE
ADVANCED PLANNING
TODO TESTS
SUBTESTS
COMPARISONS
TESTING EXPORTERS
TESTING CLASSES
TRAPPING
DEFERRED TESTING
MANAGING ENCODINGS
AUTO-ABORT ON FAILURE
CONTROLLING RANDOM BEHAVIOR
WRITING YOUR OWN BUNDLE
TOOLSET DOCUMENTATION
PLUGIN DOCUMENTATION
BUNDLE DOCUMENTATION
REQUIRE DOCUMENTATION
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Testing::Introduction - Introduction to testing with Test2.
DESCRIPTION
BOILERPLATE
THE TEST FILE
use Test2::V0;, done_testing;
DIST CONFIG
MAKING ASSERTIONS
RUNNING THE TEST
RUN DIRECTLY
USING YATH
USING PROVE
THE "PLAN"
done_testing(), plan($COUNT)
ADDITIONAL ASSERTION TOOLS
is($a, $b, $description), like($a, $b, $description)
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Testing::Migrating - How to migrate existing tests from
Test::More to Test2.
DESCRIPTION
LEGACY TEST
BOILERPLATE
Replace Test::More with Test2::V0, NOTE: srand, Stop using use_ok(),
Stop using require_ok(), Remove strict/warnings (optional), Change
where the plan is set
SIMPLE ASSERTIONS
TODO
todo $reason => sub { ... }, { my $TODO = todo $reason; ... }
DEEP COMPARISONS
COMPARING REFERENCES
TOOLS THAT ARE GONE
TOOLS THAT HAVE CHANGED
FINAL VERSION
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Testing::Planning - The many ways to set a plan.
DESCRIPTION
TEST COUNT
DONE TESTING
SKIP ALL
CUSTOM PLAN EVENT
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Testing::Todo - Tutorial for marking tests as TODO.
DESCRIPTION
THE TOOL
TODO BLOCK
TODO VARIABLE
MANUAL TODO EVENTS
HOW THE TODO TOOLS WORK UNDER THE HOOD
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling - Manual page for tool authors.
DESCRIPTION
TOOL TUTORIALS
FIRST TOOL
MOVING FROM Test::Builder
NESTING TOOLS
TOOLS WITH SUBTESTS
TESTING YOUR TEST TOOLS
PLUGIN TUTORIALS
TAKING ACTION WHEN A NEW TOOL STARTS
TAKING ACTION AFTER A TOOL IS DONE
TAKING ACTION AT THE END OF TESTING
TAKING ACTION JUST BEFORE EXIT
WRITING A SIMPLE JSONL FORMATTER
WHERE TO FIND HOOKS AND APIS
global API, In hubs
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::FirstTool - Write your first tool with Test2.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
sub ok($;$@) {, my ($bool, $name, @diag) = @_;, my $ctx =
context();, return $ctx->pass_and_release($name) if $bool;, return
$ctx->fail_and_release($name, @diag);
CONTEXT OBJECT DOCUMENTATION
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Formatter - How to write a custom formatter, in our
case a JSONL formatter.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
use base qw/Test2::Formatter/;, sub new { bless {}, shift }, sub
encoding {};, sub write { ... }, my ($self, $e, $num, $f) = @_;,
$self, $e, $num, $f, $f ||= $e->facet_data;, print encode_json($f),
"\n";
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Nesting - Tutorial for using other tools within your
own.
DESCRIPTION
NAIVE WAY
WHATS WRONG WITH IT?
HOW TO FIX IT
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::TestExit - How to safely add pre-exit
behaviors.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
use Test2::API qw{test2_add_callback_exit};,
test2_add_callback_exit(sub { ... });, my ($ctx, $orig_code,
$new_exit_code_ref) = @_, return if $orig_code == 42,
$$new_exit_code_ref = 42
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::TestingDone - Run code when the test file is
finished, or when done_testing is called.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
use Test2::API qw{test2_add_callback_testing_done};,
test2_add_callback_testing_done(sub { ... });, ok(!$some_global,
'$some_global was not set'), print "The test file is done, or
done_testing was just called\n"
UNDER THE HOOD
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::ToolCompletes - How to add behaviors that
occur when a tool completes work.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
use Test2::API qw{test2_add_callback_context_release};,
test2_add_callback_context_release(sub { ... }), my $ctx_ref =
shift, print "Context was released\n"
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Plugin::ToolStarts - How to add behaviors that occur
when a tool starts work.
DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE CODE UP FRONT
LINE BY LINE
use Test2::API qw{test2_add_callback_context_init
test2_add_callback_context_acquire};,
test2_add_callback_context_acquire(sub { ... }), my $params_ref =
shift, print "A tool has requested the context\n",
test2_add_callback_context_init(sub { ... }), my $ctx_ref = shift,
print "A new context was created\n"
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Subtest - How to implement a tool that makes use of
subtests.
DESCRIPTION
WHICH TYPE OF SUBTEST DO I NEED?
SUBTEST WITH USER SUPPLIED CODEREF
@args, \%params, buffered => $bool, inherit_trace => $bool,
no_fork => $bool
SUBTEST WITH TOOL-SIDE CODEREF
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::TestBuilder - This section maps Test::Builder
methods to Test2 concepts.
DESCRIPTION
CONTEXT
TEST BUILDER METHODS
$tb->BAIL_OUT($reason), $tb->diag($string), $tb->note($string),
$tb->done_testing, $tb->like, $tb->unlike, $tb->ok($bool, $name),
$tb->subtest, $tb->todo_start, $tb->todo_end, $tb->output,
$tb->failure_output, and $tb->todo_output
LEVEL
TODO
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Manual::Tooling::Testing - Tutorial on how to test your testing
tools.
DESCRIPTION
THE HOLY GRAIL OF TESTING YOUR TOOLS
ADDITIONAL HELPERS
Test2::Tools::Tester
Test2::Tools::HarnessTester
Test2::Tools::Compare
event $TYPE => .., fail_events $TYPE => ..
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Mock - Module for managing mocked classes and instances.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
CONSTRUCTION
METHODS
$mock = Test2::Mock->new(class => $CLASS, ...), $mock->track($bool),
$hashref = $mock->sub_tracking, $arrayref = $mock->call_tracking,
$mock->clear_sub_tracking(), $mock->clear_sub_tracking(\@subnames),
$mock->clear_call_tracking(), $mock->add('symbol' => ..., 'symbol2'
=> ...), $mock->override('symbol1' => ..., 'symbol2' => ...),
$mock->set('symbol1' => ..., 'symbol2' => ...),
$mock->restore($SYMBOL), $mock->reset($SYMBOL),
$mock->orig($SYMBOL), $mock->current($SYMBOL), $mock->reset_all,
$mock->add_constructor($NAME => $TYPE),
$mock->override_constructor($NAME => $TYPE), $mock->before($NAME,
sub { ... }), $mock->after($NAME, sub { ... }),
$mock->around($NAME, sub { ... }), $mock->autoload,
$mock->block_load, $pm_file = $mock->file, $bool =
$mock->purge_on_destroy($bool), $stash = $mock->stash, $class =
$mock->class, $p = $mock->parent, $c = $mock->child
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin - Documentation for plugins
DESCRIPTION
FAQ Should I subclass Test2::Plugin?
HOW DO I WRITE A PLUGIN?
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::BailOnFail - Automatically bail out of testing on the first
test failure.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::DieOnFail - Automatically die on the first test failure.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::ExitSummary - Add extra diagnostics on failure at the end of
the test.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::SRand - Control the random seed for more controlled test
environments.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
NOTE ON LOAD ORDER
CAVEATS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::Times - Output timing data at the end of the test.
CAVEAT
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Plugin::UTF8 - Test2 plugin to test with utf8.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
import options
encoding_only
NOTES
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require - Base class and documentation for skip-unless type test
packages.
DESCRIPTION
HOW DO I WRITE A 'REQUIRE' MODULE?
AS A SUBCLASS
STAND-ALONE
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::AuthorTesting - Only run a test when the AUTHOR_TESTING
environment variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::AutomatedTesting - Only run a test when the
AUTOMATED_TESTING environment variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::EnvVar - Only run a test when a specific environment
variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::ExtendedTesting - Only run a test when the EXTENDED_TESTING
environment variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::Fork - Skip a test file unless the system supports forking
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPLANATION
SEE ALSO
Test2::Require::CanReallyfork, Test2::Require::CanThread
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::Module - Skip tests if certain packages are not installed,
or insufficient versions.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::NonInteractiveTesting - Only run a test when the
NONINTERACTIVE_TESTING environment variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::Perl - Skip the test unless the necessary version of Perl is
installed.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::RealFork - Skip a test file unless the system supports true
forking
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SEE ALSO
Test2::Require::Canfork, Test2::Require::CanThread
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::ReleaseTesting - Only run a test when the RELEASE_TESTING
environment variable is set.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Require::Threads - Skip a test file unless the system supports
threading
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPLANATION
SEE ALSO
Test2::Require::CanFork, Test2
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Suite - Distribution with a rich set of tools built upon the Test2
framework.
DESCRIPTION
WHAT ARE TOOLS, PLUGINS, AND BUNDLES?
TOOLS, PLUGINS, BUNDLES
INCLUDED BUNDLES
Test2::V#, Extended, More, Simple
INCLUDED TOOLS
Basic, Compare, ClassicCompare, Class, Defer, Encoding, Exports,
Mock, Ref, Spec, Subtest, Target
INCLUDED PLUGINS
BailOnFail, DieOnFail, ExitSummary, SRand, UTF8
INCLUDED REQUIREMENT CHECKERS
AuthorTesting, EnvVar, Fork, RealFork, Module, Perl, Threads
SEE ALSO
CONTACTING US
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Todo - TODO extension for Test2.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
CONSTRUCTION OPTIONS
reason (required), hub (optional)
INSTANCE METHODS
$todo->end
CLASS METHODS
$count = Test2::Todo->hub_in_todo($hub)
OTHER NOTES
How it works
$todo->end is called at destruction
Can I use multiple instances?
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools - Documentation for Tools.
DESCRIPTION
FAQ Why is it called Test2::Tools, and not Test2::Tool?, Should my tools
subclass Test2::Tools?
HOW DO I WRITE A 'TOOLS' MODULE?
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::AsyncSubtest - Tools for writing async subtests.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$ast = async_subtest $name, $ast = async_subtest $name => sub { ...
}, $ast = async_subtest $name => \%hub_params, sub { ... }, $ast =
fork_subtest $name => sub { ... }, $ast = fork_subtest $name =>
\%hub_params, sub { ... }, $ast = thread_subtest $name => sub { ...
}, $ast = thread_subtest $name => \%hub_params, sub { ... }
NOTES
Async Subtests are always buffered, Do not use done_testing()
yourself
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Basic - Test2 implementation of the basic testing tools.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
PLANNING
plan($num), plan('tests' => $num), plan('skip_all' => $reason),
skip_all($reason), done_testing, bail_out($reason)
ASSERTIONS
ok($bool), ok($bool, $name), ok($bool, $name, @diag), pass(),
pass($name), fail(), fail($name), fail($name, @diag)
DIAGNOSTICS
diag(@messages), note(@messages)
META
$todo = todo($reason), todo $reason => sub { ... }, skip($why),
skip($why, $count)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Class - Test2 implementation of the tools for testing classes.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
can_ok($thing, @methods), can_ok($thing, \@methods, $test_name),
isa_ok($thing, @classes), isa_ok($thing, \@classes, $test_name),
DOES_ok($thing, @roles), DOES_ok($thing, \@roles, $test_name)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::ClassicCompare - Classic (Test::More style) comparison tools.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$bool = is($got, $expect), $bool = is($got, $expect, $name), $bool =
is($got, $expect, $name, @diag), $bool = isnt($got, $dont_expect),
$bool = isnt($got, $dont_expect, $name), $bool = isnt($got,
$dont_expect, $name, @diag), $bool = like($got, $pattern), $bool =
like($got, $pattern, $name), $bool = like($got, $pattern, $name,
@diag), $bool = unlike($got, $pattern), $bool = unlike($got,
$pattern, $name), $bool = unlike($got, $pattern, $name, @diag),
$bool = is_deeply($got, $expect), $bool = is_deeply($got, $expect,
$name), $bool = is_deeply($got, $expect, $name, @diag), cmp_ok($got,
$op, $expect), cmp_ok($got, $op, $expect, $name), cmp_ok($got, $op,
$expect, $name, @diag), != (num), >= (num), <= (num), > (num),
<
(num), <=> (num), eq (str), ne (str), gt (str), lt (str), ge
(str), le (str), cmp (str), !~ (str), &&, ||, xor, or, and, //, &,
|, ~~
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Compare - Tools for comparing deep data structures.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
ADVANCED
COMPARISON TOOLS
$bool = is($got, $expect), $bool = is($got, $expect, $name), $bool =
is($got, $expect, $name, @diag), $bool = isnt($got, $expect), $bool
= isnt($got, $expect, $name), $bool = isnt($got, $expect, $name,
@diag), $bool = like($got, $expect), $bool = like($got, $expect,
$name), $bool = like($got, $expect, $name, @diag), $bool =
unlike($got, $expect), $bool = unlike($got, $expect, $name), $bool =
unlike($got, $expect, $name, @diag)
QUICK CHECKS
$check = T(), $check = F(), $check = D(), $check = U(), $check =
DF(), $check = E(), $check = DNE(), $check = FDNE(), $check =
L()
VALUE SPECIFICATIONS
$check = string "...", $check = !string "...", $check = number
...;, $check = !number ...;, $check = number_lt ...;, $check =
number_le ...;, $check = number_ge ...;, $check = number_gt
...;, $check = float ...;, $check = !float ...;, $check =
within($num, $tolerance);, $check = !within($num, $tolerance);,
$check = rounded($num, $precision);, $check = !rounded($num,
$precision);, $check = bool ...;, $check = !bool ...;, $check =
check_isa ...;, $check = !check_isa ...;, $check = match
qr/.../, $check = !mismatch qr/.../, $check = !match qr/.../,
$check = mismatch qr/.../, $check = validator(sub{ ... }),
$check = validator($NAME => sub{ ... }), $check = validator($OP,
$NAME, sub{ ... }), $check = exact_ref($ref)
SET BUILDERS
my $check = check_set($check1, $check2, ...), my $check =
in_set($check1, $check2, ...), not_in_set($check1, $check2,
...), check $thing
HASH BUILDER
$check = hash { ... }, field $NAME => $VAL, field $NAME =>
$CHECK, all_keys($CHECK1, $CHECK2, ...), all_vals($CHECK1,
$CHECK2, ...), all_values($CHECK1, $CHECK2, ...), end(), etc(),
DNE()
ARRAY BUILDER
$check = array { ... }, item $VAL, item $CHECK, item $IDX, $VAL,
item $IDX, $CHECK, filter_items { my @remaining = @_; ...;
return @filtered }, all_items($CHECK1, $CHECK2, ...), end(),
etc(), DNE()
BAG BUILDER
$check = bag { ... }, item $VAL, item $CHECK, all_items($CHECK1,
$CHECK2, ...), end(), etc()
ORDERED SUBSET BUILDER
$check = subset { ... }, item $VAL, item $CHECK
META BUILDER
meta { ... }, meta_check { ... }, prop $NAME => $VAL, prop $NAME
=> $CHECK, 'blessed', 'reftype', 'isa', 'this', 'size'
OBJECT BUILDER
$check = object { ... }, call $METHOD_NAME => $RESULT, call
$METHOD_NAME => $CHECK, call [$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] =>
$RESULT, call [$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] => $CHECK, call sub {
... }, $RESULT, call sub { ... }, $CHECK, call_list $METHOD_NAME
=> $RESULT, call_list $METHOD_NAME => $CHECK, call_list
[$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] => $RESULT, call_list
[$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] => $CHECK, call_list sub { ... },
$RESULT, call_list sub { ... }, $CHECK, call_hash $METHOD_NAME
=> $RESULT, call_hash $METHOD_NAME => $CHECK, call_hash
[$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] => $RESULT, call_hash
[$METHOD_NAME, @METHOD_ARGS] => $CHECK, call_hash sub { ... },
$RESULT, call_hash sub { ... }, $CHECK, field $NAME => $VAL,
item $VAL, item $IDX, $VAL, prop $NAME => $VAL, prop $NAME =>
$CHECK, 'blessed', 'reftype', 'isa', 'this', 'size', DNE(),
end(), etc()
EVENT BUILDERS
$check = event $TYPE;, $check = event $TYPE => sub { ... };,
$check = event $TYPE => { ... };, 'file', 'line', 'package',
'subname', 'skip', 'todo', 'trace', 'tid', 'pid', @checks =
fail_events $TYPE;, @checks = fail_events $TYPE => sub { ... };,
@checks = fail_events $TYPE => { ... };
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Defer - Write tests that get executed at a later time
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
def function => @args;, do_def()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Encoding - Tools for managing the encoding of Test2 based
tests.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
set_encoding($encoding)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Event - Tools for generating test events.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
$e = gen_event($TYPE), $e = gen_event($TYPE, %FIELDS), $e =
gen_event 'Ok';, $e = gen_event Ok => ( ... ), $e = gen_event
'+Test2::Event::Ok' => ( ... )
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Exception - Test2 based tools for checking exceptions
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$e = dies { ... }, $bool = lives { ... }, $bool = try_ok { ... },
$bool = try_ok { ... } "Test Description"
DIFFERENCES FROM TEST::FATAL
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Exports - Tools for validating exporters.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
imported_ok(@SYMBOLS), not_imported_ok(@SYMBOLS)
CAVEATS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::GenTemp - Tool for generating a populated temp directory.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
gen_temp(file => 'content', subdir => [ sub_dir_file => 'content',
...], ...), gen_temp(-tempdir => \@TEMPDIR_ARGS, file => 'content',
subdir => [ sub_dir_file => 'content', ...], ...)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Grab - Temporarily intercept all events without adding a scope
level.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$grab = grab()
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Mock - Class/Instance mocking for Test2.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
DEFAULT
mock, @mocks = mocked($object), @mocks = mocked($class), $mock =
mock $class => ( ... );, $mock = mock $instance => ( ... ),
$mock = mock 'class', $class => ( ... ), $obj = mock(), $obj =
mock { ... }, $obj = mock 'obj', ...;, mock $mock => sub { ...
}, mock $method => ( ... )
BY REQUEST
$obj = mock_obj( ... ), $obj = mock_obj { ... } => ( ... ), $obj
= mock_obj sub { ... }, $obj = mock_obj { ... } => sub { ... },
$mock = mock_class $class => ( ... ), $mock = mock_class
$instance => ( ... ), $mock = mock_class ... => sub { ... },
mock_build $mock => sub { ... }, $mock = mock_building(),
mock_do $method => $args, $sub = mock_accessor $field, $sub =
mock_getter $field, $sub = mock_setter $field, %pairs =
mock_accessors(qw/name1 name2 name3/), %pairs =
mock_getters(qw/name1 name2 name3/), %pairs =
mock_setters(qw/name1 name2 name3/)
MOCK CONTROL OBJECTS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Ref - Tools for validating references.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
ref_ok($thing), ref_ok($thing, $type), ref_ok($thing, $type, $name),
ref_is($ref1, $ref2, $name), ref_is_not($ref1, $ref2, $name)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Refcount, "Test2::Tools::Refcount" - assert reference counts
on objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
is_refcount
is_oneref
refcount
EXAMPLE
BUGS
Temporaries created on the stack
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
Test2::Tools::Spec - RSPEC implementation on top of Test2::Workflow
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
NAME, PARAMS, flat => $bool, async => $bool, iso => $bool, todo =>
$reason, skip => $reason, CODEREF
ESSENTIALS
tests NAME => sub { ... }, tests NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
tests($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), it NAME => sub { ... }, it NAME
=> \%params, sub { ... }, it($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), case NAME
=> sub { ... }, case NAME => \%params, sub { ... }, case($NAME,
\%PARAMS, \&CODE), before_each NAME => sub { ... }, before_each
NAME => \%params, sub { ... }, before_each($NAME, \%PARAMS,
\&CODE), before_case NAME => sub { ... }, before_case NAME =>
\%params, sub { ... }, before_case($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE),
before_all NAME => sub { ... }, before_all NAME => \%params, sub
{ ... }, before_all($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), around_each NAME
=> sub { ... }, around_each NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
around_each($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), around_case NAME => sub {
... }, around_case NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
around_case($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), around_all NAME => sub {
... }, around_all NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
around_all($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), after_each NAME => sub {
... }, after_each NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
after_each($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), after_case NAME => sub {
... }, after_case NAME => \%params, sub { ... },
after_case($NAME, \%PARAMS, \&CODE), after_all NAME => sub { ...
}, after_all NAME => \%params, sub { ... }, after_all($NAME,
\%PARAMS, \&CODE)
SHORTCUTS
mini NAME => sub { ... }, iso NAME => sub { ... }, miso NAME =>
sub { ... }, async NAME => sub { ... }, masync NAME => sub {
... }
CUSTOM ATTRIBUTE DEFAULTS
EXECUTION ORDER
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Subtest - Tools for writing subtests
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
BUFFERED
STREAMED
IMPORTANT NOTE
EXPORTS
subtest_streamed $name => $sub, subtest_streamed($name, $sub,
@args), subtest_streamed $name => \%params, $sub,
subtest_streamed($name, \%params, $sub, @args), subtest_buffered
$name => $sub, subtest_buffered($name, $sub, @args),
subtest_buffered $name => \%params, $sub, subtest_buffered($name,
\%params, $sub, @args)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Target - Alias the testing target package.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Tester - Tools to help you test other testing tools.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$array_ref = filter $events => $PACKAGE, $array_ref = filter $events
=> $PACKAGE1, $PACKAGE2, $array_ref = filter $events => qr/match/,
$array_ref = filter $events => qr/match/, $PACKAGE, $grouped =
group_events($events), $arrayref = facets TYPE => $events
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Tiny - Tiny set of tools for unfortunate souls who cannot use
Test2::Suite.
DESCRIPTION
USE Test2::Suite INSTEAD
EXPORTS
ok($bool, $name), ok($bool, $name, @diag), is($got, $want, $name),
is($got, $want, $name, @diag), isnt($got, $do_not_want, $name),
isnt($got, $do_not_want, $name, @diag), like($got, $regex, $name),
like($got, $regex, $name, @diag), unlike($got, $regex, $name),
unlike($got, $regex, $name, @diag), is_deeply($got, $want, $name),
is_deeply($got, $want, $name, @diag), diag($msg), note($msg),
skip_all($reason), todo $reason => sub { ... }, plan($count),
done_testing(), $warnings = warnings { ... }, $exception = exception
{ ... }, tests $name => sub { ... }, $output = capture { ... }
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Tools::Warnings - Tools to verify warnings.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$count = warns { ... }, $warning = warning { ... }, $warnings_ref =
warnings { ... }, $bool = no_warnings { ... }
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Transition - Transition notes when upgrading to Test2
DESCRIPTION
THINGS THAT BREAK
Test::Builder1.5/2 conditionals
Replacing the Test::Builder singleton
Directly Accessing Hash Elements
Subtest indentation
DISTRIBUTIONS THAT BREAK OR NEED TO BE UPGRADED
WORKS BUT TESTS WILL FAIL
Test::DBIx::Class::Schema, Device::Chip
UPGRADE SUGGESTED
Test::Exception, Data::Peek, circular::require,
Test::Module::Used, Test::Moose::More, Test::FITesque,
Test::Kit, autouse
NEED TO UPGRADE
Test::SharedFork, Test::Builder::Clutch,
Test::Dist::VersionSync, Test::Modern, Test::UseAllModules,
Test::More::Prefix
STILL BROKEN
Test::Aggregate, Test::Wrapper, Test::ParallelSubtest,
Test::Pretty, Net::BitTorrent, Test::Group, Test::Flatten,
Log::Dispatch::Config::TestLog, Test::Able
MAKE ASSERTIONS -> SEND EVENTS
LEGACY
TEST2
ok($bool, $name), diag(@messages), note(@messages),
subtest($name, $code)
WRAP EXISTING TOOLS
LEGACY
TEST2
USING UTF8
LEGACY
TEST2
AUTHORS, CONTRIBUTORS AND REVIEWERS
Chad Granum (EXODIST) <exodist@cpan.org>
SOURCE
MAINTAINER
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util - Tools used by Test2 and friends.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
($success, $error) = try { ... }, protect { ... }, CAN_FORK,
CAN_REALLY_FORK, CAN_THREAD, USE_THREADS, get_tid, my $file =
pkg_to_file($package), $string = ipc_separator(), $string =
gen_uid(), ($ok, $err) = do_rename($old_name, $new_name), ($ok,
$err) = do_unlink($filename), ($ok, $err) = try_sig_mask { ... },
SIGINT, SIGALRM, SIGHUP, SIGTERM, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2
NOTES && CAVEATS
Devel::Cover
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::ExternalMeta - Allow third party tools to safely attach meta-
data to your instances.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
WHERE IS THE DATA STORED?
EXPORTS
$val = $obj->meta($key), $val = $obj->meta($key, $default), $val =
$obj->get_meta($key), $val = $obj->delete_meta($key),
$obj->set_meta($key, $val)
META-KEY RESTRICTIONS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Facets2Legacy - Convert facet data to the legacy event API.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
AS METHODS
AS FUNCTIONS
NOTE ON CYCLES
EXPORTS
$bool = $e->causes_fail(), $bool = causes_fail($f), $bool =
$e->diagnostics(), $bool = diagnostics($f), $bool = $e->global(),
$bool = global($f), $bool = $e->increments_count(), $bool =
increments_count($f), $bool = $e->no_display(), $bool =
no_display($f), ($max, $directive, $reason) = $e->sets_plan(),
($max, $directive, $reason) = sets_plan($f), $id = $e->subtest_id(),
$id = subtest_id($f), $string = $e->summary(), $string =
summary($f), $undef_or_int = $e->terminate(), $undef_or_int =
terminate($f), $uuid = $e->uuid(), $uuid = uuid($f)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Grabber - Object used to temporarily intercept all events.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
$grab = grab()
METHODS
$grab = $class->new(), $ar = $grab->flush(), $ar = $grab->events(),
$ar = $grab->finish(), $hub = $grab->hub()
ENDING BEHAVIOR
SEE ALSO
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Guard - Inline copy of Scope::Guard
SEE ALSO
ORIGINAL AUTHOR
chocolateboy <chocolate@cpan.org>
INLINE AND MODIFICATION AUTHOR
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::HashBase - Build hash based classes.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THIS IS A BUNDLED COPY OF HASHBASE
METHODS
PROVIDED BY HASH BASE
$it = $class->new(%PAIRS), $it = $class->new(\%PAIRS), $it =
$class->new(\@ORDERED_VALUES)
HOOKS
$self->init()
ACCESSORS
READ/WRITE
foo(), set_foo(), FOO()
READ ONLY
set_foo()
DEPRECATED SETTER
set_foo()
NO SETTER
NO READER
CONSTANT ONLY
SUBCLASSING
GETTING A LIST OF ATTRIBUTES FOR A CLASS
@list = Test2::Util::HashBase::attr_list($class), @list =
$class->Test2::Util::HashBase::attr_list()
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Importer - Inline copy of Importer.
DESCRIPTION
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Ref - Tools for inspecting or manipulating references.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
$type = rtype($ref), $addr_str = render_ref($ref)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Stash - Utilities for manipulating stashes and globs.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
$stash = get_stash($package), $sym_spec = parse_symbol($symbol),
$sym_spec = parse_symbol($symbol, $package), $glob_ref =
get_glob($symbol), $glob_ref = get_glob($symbol, $package), $ref =
get_symbol($symbol), $ref = get_symbol($symbol, $package), $ref =
purge_symbol($symbol), $ref = purge_symbol($symbol, $package), $sig
= slot_to_sig($slot), $slot = sig_to_slot($sig)
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Sub - Tools for inspecting and manipulating subs.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
$name = sub_name(\&sub), my $hr = sub_info(\&code), $info->{ref} =>
\&code, $info->{cobj} => $cobj, $info->{name} => "Some::Mod::code",
$info->{file} => "Some/Mod.pm", $info->{package} => "Some::Mod",
$info->{start_line} => 22, $info->{end_line} => 42, $info->{lines}
=> [22, 42], $info->{all_lines} => [23, 25, ..., 39, 41]
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>, Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Table - Format a header and rows into a table
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
EXPORTS
@rows = table(...)
header => [ ... ], rows => [ [...], [...], ... ], collapse =>
$bool, max_width => $num, sanitize => $bool, mark_tail => $bool
my $cols = term_size()
NOTE ON UNICODE/WIDE CHARACTERS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Table::LineBreak - Break up lines for use in tables.
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Times - Format timing/benchmark information.
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
$str = render_bench($start, $end, $user, $system, $cuser, $csystem),
$str = render_bench($start, time(), times())
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Util::Trace - Legacy wrapper fro Test2::EventFacet::Trace.
DESCRIPTION
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::V0 - 0Th edition of the Test2 recommended bundle.
DESCRIPTION
NAMING, USING, DEPENDING
SYNOPSIS
RESOLVING CONFLICTS WITH MOOSE
TAGS
:DEFAULT
RENAMING ON IMPORT
'!ok', ok => {-as => 'my_ok'}
PRAGMAS
STRICT
WARNINGS
UTF8
PLUGINS
SRAND
UTF8
EXIT SUMMARY
API FUNCTIONS
$ctx = context(), $events = intercept { ... }
TOOLS
TARGET
$CLASS, $class = CLASS()
DEFER
def $func => @args;, do_def()
BASIC
ok($bool, $name), ok($bool, $name, @diag), pass($name),
pass($name, @diag), fail($name), fail($name, @diag),
diag($message), note($message), $todo = todo($reason), todo
$reason => sub { ... }, skip($reason, $count), plan($count),
skip_all($reason), done_testing(), bail_out($reason)
COMPARE
is($got, $want, $name), isnt($got, $do_not_want, $name),
like($got, qr/match/, $name), unlike($got, qr/mismatch/, $name),
$check = match(qr/pattern/), $check = mismatch(qr/pattern/),
$check = validator(sub { return $bool }), $check = hash { ... },
$check = array { ... }, $check = bag { ... }, $check = object {
... }, $check = meta { ... }, $check = number($num), $check =
string($str), $check = bool($bool), $check =
check_isa($class_name), $check = in_set(@things), $check =
not_in_set(@things), $check = check_set(@things), $check =
item($thing), $check = item($idx => $thing), $check =
field($name => $val), $check = call($method => $expect), $check
= call_list($method => $expect), $check = call_hash($method =>
$expect), $check = prop($name => $expect), $check =
check($thing), $check = T(), $check = F(), $check = D(), $check
= DF(), $check = E(), $check = DNE(), $check = FDNE(), $check =
U(), $check = L(), $check = exact_ref($ref), end(), etc(),
filter_items { grep { ... } @_ }, $check = event $type => ..,
@checks = fail_events $type => ..
CLASSIC COMPARE
cmp_ok($got, $op, $want, $name)
SUBTEST
subtest $name => sub { ... };
CLASS
can_ok($thing, @methods), isa_ok($thing, @classes),
DOES_ok($thing, @roles)
ENCODING
set_encoding($encoding)
EXPORTS
imported_ok('function', '$scalar', ...),
not_imported_ok('function', '$scalar', ...)
REF ref_ok($ref, $type), ref_is($got, $want), ref_is_not($got,
$do_not_want), is_refcount($ref, $count, $description),
is_oneref($ref, $description), $count = refcount($ref)
MOCK
$control = mock .., $bool = mocked($thing)
EXCEPTION
$exception = dies { ... }, $bool = lives { ... }, $bool = try_ok
{ ... }
WARNINGS
$count = warns { ... }, $warning = warning { ... },
$warnings_ref = warnings { ... }, $bool = no_warnings { ... }
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow - A test workflow is a way of structuring tests using
composable units.
DESCRIPTION
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
BUILD
RUNNER
TASK
EXPORTS
$parsed = parse_args(args => \@args), $parsed = parse_args(args =>
\@args, level => $L), $parsed = parse_args(args => \@args, caller =>
[caller($L)]), $build = init_root($pkg, %args), $build =
root_build($pkg), $build = current_build(), $build = build($name,
\%params, sub { ... })
SEE ALSO
Test2::Tools::Spec
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::BlockBase - Base class for all workflow blocks.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::Build - Represents a build in progress.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::Runner - Runs the workflows.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::Task - Encapsulation of a Task
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::Task::Action - Encapsulation of an action.
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test2::Workflow::Task::Group - Encapsulation of a group (describe).
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Construction
new, create, subtest, name, reset
Setting up tests
plan, expected_tests, no_plan, done_testing, has_plan, skip_all,
exported_to
Running tests
ok, is_eq, is_num, isnt_eq, isnt_num, like, unlike, cmp_ok
Other Testing Methods
BAIL_OUT, skip, todo_skip, skip_rest
Test building utility methods
maybe_regex, is_fh
Test style
level, use_numbers, no_diag, no_ending, no_header
Output
diag, note, explain, output, failure_output, todo_output,
reset_outputs, carp, croak
Test Status and Info
no_log_results, current_test, is_passing, summary, details, todo,
find_TODO, in_todo, todo_start, "todo_end", caller
EXIT CODES
THREADS
MEMORY
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
INTERNALS
LEGACY
EXTERNAL
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::Builder::Formatter - Test::Builder subclass of Test2::Formatter::TAP
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::Builder::IO::Scalar - A copy of IO::Scalar for Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
COPYRIGHT and LICENSE
Construction
new [ARGS...]
open [SCALARREF]
opened
close
Input and output
flush
getc
getline
getlines
print ARGS..
read BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]
write BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]
sysread BUF, LEN, [OFFSET]
syswrite BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]
Seeking/telling and other attributes
autoflush
binmode
clearerr
eof
seek OFFSET, WHENCE
sysseek OFFSET, WHENCE
tell
use_RS [YESNO]
setpos POS
getpos
sref
WARNINGS
VERSION
AUTHORS
Primary Maintainer
Principal author
Other contributors
SEE ALSO
Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Importing
Builder
SEE ALSO
Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
Test::Builder
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
test_out, test_err
test_fail
test_diag
test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err
line_num
color
BUGS
AUTHOR
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
NOTES
SEE ALSO
Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
BUGS
SEE ALSO
Test::Builder::TodoDiag - Test::Builder subclass of Test2::Event::Diag
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
SOURCE
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
AUTHORS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
runtests( @test_files )
execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TAP::HARNESS::COMPATIBLE SETS
"HARNESS_ACTIVE", "HARNESS_VERSION"
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
"HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_VERBOSE",
"HARNESS_OPTIONS", "j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>",
"fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS",
"HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_SUCCESS", "HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_FAIL"
Taint Mode
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS
LICENCE AND COPYRIGHT
Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
I love it when a plan comes together
done_testing
Test names
I'm ok, you're not ok.
ok
is, isnt
like
unlike
cmp_ok
can_ok
isa_ok
new_ok
subtest
pass, fail
Module tests
require_ok
use_ok
Complex data structures
is_deeply
Diagnostics
diag, note
explain
Conditional tests
SKIP: BLOCK
TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip
When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
Test control
BAIL_OUT
Discouraged comparison functions
eq_array
eq_hash
eq_set
Extending and Embedding Test::More
builder
EXIT CODES
COMPATIBILITY
subtests, done_testing(), cmp_ok(), new_ok() note() and explain()
CAVEATS and NOTES
utf8 / "Wide character in print", Overloaded objects, Threads
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
ALTERNATIVES
ADDITIONAL LIBRARIES
OTHER COMPONENTS
BUNDLES
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
BUGS
SOURCE
COPYRIGHT
Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ok
EXAMPLE
CAVEATS
NOTES
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
Test::More
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::Tester - Ease testing test modules built with Test::Builder
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HOW TO USE (THE EASY WAY)
HOW TO USE (THE HARD WAY)
TEST RESULTS
ok, actual_ok, name, type, reason, diag, depth
SPACES AND TABS
COLOUR
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
HOW IT WORKS
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
Test::Tester::Capture - Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
Test::Tester::CaptureRunner - Help testing test modules built with
Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
DESCRIPTION
Nuts and bolts of testing.
Where to start?
Names
Test the manual
Sometimes the tests are wrong
Testing lots of values
Informative names
Skipping tests
Todo tests
Testing with taint mode.
FOOTNOTES
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Test::use::ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
CC0 1.0 Universal
Text::Abbrev - abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
General Behaviour in List Contexts
[0], [1], [2]
General Behaviour in Scalar and Void Contexts
A Note About Prefixes
Functions
"extract_delimited", "extract_bracketed", "extract_variable",
[0], [1], [2], "extract_tagged", "reject => $listref", ignore =>
$listref, "fail => $str", [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5],
"gen_extract_tagged", "extract_quotelike", [0], [1], [2], [3],
[4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], "extract_quotelike", [0],
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10], "extract_codeblock",
"extract_multiple", "gen_delimited_pat", "delimited_pat"
DIAGNOSTICS
C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>
EXPORTS
Default Exports, Optional Exports, Export Tags, ":ALL"
KNOWN BUGS
FEEDBACK
AVAILABILITY
INSTALLATION
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENCE
VERSION
DATE
HISTORY
Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
true, false, "delimiters"
EXAMPLES
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Text::Tabs - expand and unexpand tabs like unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
expand, unexpand, $tabstop
EXAMPLE
BUGS
LICENSE
Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDES
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
DEPRECATED
HISTORY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread =
Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal
VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
METHODS
join, detach, equal, tid, done
DEFUNCT
lock(\&sub), eval, flags
SEE ALSO
Thread::Queue - Thread-safe queues
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Ordinary scalars, Array refs, Hash refs, Scalar refs, Objects based
on the above
QUEUE CREATION
->new(), ->new(LIST)
BASIC METHODS
->enqueue(LIST), ->dequeue(), ->dequeue(COUNT), ->dequeue_nb(),
->dequeue_nb(COUNT), ->dequeue_timed(TIMEOUT),
->dequeue_timed(TIMEOUT, COUNT), ->pending(), ->limit, ->end()
ADVANCED METHODS
->peek(), ->peek(INDEX), ->insert(INDEX, LIST), ->extract(),
->extract(INDEX), ->extract(INDEX, COUNT)
NOTES
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE
Thread::Semaphore - Thread-safe semaphores
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
->new(), ->new(NUMBER), ->down(), ->down(NUMBER), ->down_nb(),
->down_nb(NUMBER), ->down_force(), ->down_force(NUMBER),
->down_timed(TIMEOUT), ->down_timed(TIMEOUT, NUMBER), ->up(),
->up(NUMBER)
NOTES
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE
Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this,
index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count,
EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH
this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this,
offset, length, LIST
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"unicode"
"recsep"
"autochomp"
"mode"
"memory"
"dw_size"
Option Format
Public Methods
"flock"
"autochomp"
"defer", "flush", "discard", and "autodefer"
"offset"
Tying to an already-opened filehandle
Deferred Writing
Autodeferring
CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
CAVEATS
SUBCLASSING
WHAT ABOUT "DB_File"?
AUTHOR
LICENSE
WARRANTY
THANKS
TODO
Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT
this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length,
offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename,
BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence,
DESTROY this
MORE INFORMATION
COMPATIBILITY
Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied
hashes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key,
FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this,
key, CLEAR this, SCALAR this
Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
"SCALAR", "UNTIE" and "DESTROY"
MORE INFORMATION
Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
EXAMPLE
BUGS
AUTHOR
Tie::RefHash - Use references as hash keys
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
THREAD SUPPORT
STORABLE SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY
this
Tie::Scalar vs Tie::StdScalar
MORE INFORMATION
Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ),
ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (),
sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [,
$interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which,
$floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer (
$which ), clock_gettime ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ),
clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds, $flags = 0), clock(), stat,
stat FH, stat EXPR, lstat, lstat FH, lstat EXPR, utime LIST
EXAMPLES
C API
DIAGNOSTICS
useconds or interval more than ...
negative time not invented yet
internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
useconds or uinterval equal to or more than 1000000
unimplemented in this platform
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Time::Local - Efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
timelocal_posix() and timegm_posix()
timelocal_modern() and timegm_modern()
timelocal() and timegm()
timelocal_nocheck() and timegm_nocheck()
Year Value Interpretation
Limits of time_t
Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
Negative Epoch Values
IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHORS EMERITUS
BUGS
SOURCE
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
Local Locales
Date Calculations
Truncation
Date Comparisons
Date Parsing
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
Week Number
Global Overriding
CAVEATS
Setting $ENV{TZ} in Threads on Win32
Use of epoch seconds
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Bugs
Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR
Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR
Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"$obj->isa( TYPE )", "CLASS->isa( TYPE )", "eval { VAL->isa( TYPE )
}", "TYPE", $obj, "CLASS", "VAL", "$obj->DOES( ROLE )",
"CLASS->DOES( ROLE )", "$obj->can( METHOD )", "CLASS->can( METHOD
)", "eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) }", "VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )"
WARNINGS
EXPORTS
Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor and Tailoring
UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator,
highestFFFF, identical, ignoreChar, ignoreName, ignore_level2,
katakana_before_hiragana, level, long_contraction, minimalFFFE,
normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, overrideOut,
preprocess, rearrange, rewrite, suppress, table, undefChar,
undefName, upper_before_lower, variable
Methods for Collation
"@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted)", "$result =
$Collator->cmp($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->eq($a, $b)",
"$result = $Collator->ne($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->lt($a,
$b)", "$result = $Collator->le($a, $b)", "$result =
$Collator->gt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ge($a, $b)",
"$sortKey = $Collator->getSortKey($string)", "$sortKeyForm =
$Collator->viewSortKey($string)"
Methods for Searching
"$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[,
$position])", "($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string,
$substring[, $position])", "$match_ref =
$Collator->match($string, $substring)", "($match) =
$Collator->match($string, $substring)", "@match =
$Collator->gmatch($string, $substring)", "$count =
$Collator->subst($string, $substring, $replacement)", "$count =
$Collator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)"
Other Methods
"%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)",
"$modified_collator = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)",
"$version = $Collator->version()", UCA_Version(),
Base_Unicode_Version()
EXPORT
INSTALL
CAVEATS
Normalization, Conformance Test
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul
Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, Unicode Locale
Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208 - weighting JIS KANJI for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data
Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate,
Unicode::Collate::Locale
Unicode::Collate::Locale - Linguistic tailoring for DUCET via
Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor
Methods
"$Collator->getlocale", "$Collator->locale_version"
A list of tailorable locales
A list of variant codes and their aliases
INSTALL
CAVEAT
Tailoring is not maximum, Collation reordering is not supported
Reference
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
Element Table (DUCET), Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) -
UTS #35, CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize
Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Normalization Forms
"$NFD_string = NFD($string)", "$NFC_string = NFC($string)",
"$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)", "$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)",
"$FCD_string = FCD($string)", "$FCC_string = FCC($string)",
"$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)"
Decomposition and Composition
"$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping])",
"$reordered_string = reorder($string)", $composed_string =
compose($string), ($processed, $unprocessed) =
splitOnLastStarter($normalized), "$processed =
normalize_partial($form, $unprocessed)", "$processed =
NFD_partial($unprocessed)", $processed =
NFC_partial($unprocessed), "$processed =
NFKD_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed =
NFKC_partial($unprocessed)"
Quick Check
"$result = checkNFD($string)", "$result = checkNFC($string)",
$result = checkNFKD($string), "$result = checkNFKC($string)",
$result = checkFCD($string), "$result = checkFCC($string)",
"$result = check($form_name, $string)"
Character Data
"$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point)",
"$compatibility_decomposition = getCompat($code_point)",
"$code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here,
$code_point_next)", "$combining_class =
getCombinClass($code_point)", "$may_be_composed_with_prev_char =
isComp2nd($code_point)", "$is_exclusion =
isExclusion($code_point)", $is_singleton =
isSingleton($code_point), $is_non_starter_decomposition =
isNonStDecomp($code_point), $is_Full_Composition_Exclusion =
isComp_Ex($code_point), "$NFD_is_NO = isNFD_NO($code_point)",
"$NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point)", $NFC_is_MAYBE =
isNFC_MAYBE($code_point), "$NFKD_is_NO =
isNFKD_NO($code_point)", "$NFKC_is_NO = isNFKC_NO($code_point)",
$NFKC_is_MAYBE = isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)
EXPORT
CAVEATS
Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition
mapping, Revised definition of canonical composition
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
<http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/>,
<http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CompositionExclusions.txt>,
<http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt>,
<http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt>,
<http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html>,
<http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/>
Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
code point argument
charinfo()
code, name, category, combining, bidi, decomposition, decimal,
digit, numeric, mirrored, unicode10, comment, upper, lower, title,
block, script
charprop()
Block, Decomposition_Mapping, Name_Alias, Numeric_Value,
Script_Extensions
charprops_all()
charblock()
charscript()
charblocks()
charscripts()
charinrange()
general_categories()
bidi_types()
compexcl()
casefold()
code, full, simple, mapping, status, * If you use this "I" mapping,
* If you exclude this "I" mapping, turkic
all_casefolds()
casespec()
code, lower, title, upper, condition
namedseq()
num()
prop_aliases()
prop_values()
prop_value_aliases()
prop_invlist()
prop_invmap()
"s", "sl", "correction", "control", "alternate", "figment",
"abbreviation", "a", "al", "ae", "ale", "ar", "n", "ad"
search_invlist()
Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
Blocks versus Scripts
Matching Scripts and Blocks
Old-style versus new-style block names
Use with older Unicode versions
AUTHOR
User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR
User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
System Specifics
NOTE
AUTHOR
HISTORY
March 18th, 2000
XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Migration from "DynaLoader"
Backward compatible boilerplate
Order of initialization: early load()
The most hairy case
DIAGNOSTICS
"Can't find '%s' symbol in %s", "Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s",
"Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s"
LIMITATIONS
KNOWN BUGS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
don't all have manual pages yet:
h2ph
h2xs
perlbug
pl2pm
pod2html
pod2man
splain
xsubpp
AUTHOR
Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.
perl v5.40.1 2026-08-30 PERLTOC(1)
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