field_validation(3FORM) Library calls field_validation(3FORM)
NAME
form_field_validation - data type validation for fields
SYNOPSIS
#include <form.h>
void *field_arg(const FIELD *field);
FIELDTYPE *field_type(const FIELD *field);
int set_field_type(FIELD *field, FIELDTYPE *type, ...);
/* predefined field types */
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_ALNUM;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_ALPHA;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_ENUM;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_INTEGER;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_NUMERIC;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_REGEXP;
FIELDTYPE *TYPE_IPV4;
DESCRIPTION
By default, no validation is done on form fields. You can associate a
form with a field type, making the form library validate input.
field_arg
Returns a pointer to the field's argument block. The argument block is
an opaque structure containing a copy of the arguments provided in a
set_field_type call.
field_type
Returns a pointer to the field type associated with the form field,
i.e., by calling set_field_type.
set_field_type
The function set_field_type associates a field type with a given form
field. This is the type checked by validation functions. Most field
types are configurable, via arguments which the caller provides when
calling set_field_type.
Several field types are predefined by the form library.
PREDEFINED TYPES
It is possible to set up new programmer-defined field types. Field
types are implemented via the FIELDTYPE data structure, which contains
several pointers to functions.
See the fieldtype(3FORM) manual page, which describes functions which
can be used to construct a field-type dynamically.
The predefined types are as follows:
TYPE_ALNUM
Alphanumeric data. Required parameter:
• a third int argument, a minimum field width.
TYPE_ALPHA
Character data. Required parameter:
• a third int argument, a minimum field width.
TYPE_ENUM
Accept one of a specified set of strings. Required parameters:
• a third (char **) argument pointing to a string list;
• a fourth int flag argument to enable case-sensitivity;
• a fifth int flag argument specifying whether a partial match must be
a unique one. If this flag is off, a prefix matches the first of
any set of more than one list elements with that prefix.
The library copies the string list, so you may use a list that lives in
automatic variables on the stack.
TYPE_INTEGER
Integer data, parsable to an integer by atoi(3). Required parameters:
• a third int argument controlling the precision,
• a fourth long argument constraining minimum value,
• a fifth long constraining maximum value. If the maximum value is
less than or equal to the minimum value, the range is simply ig-
nored.
On return, the field buffer is formatted according to the printf format
specification “.*ld”, where the “*” is replaced by the precision argu-
ment.
For details of the precision handling see printf(3).
TYPE_NUMERIC
Numeric data (may have a decimal-point part). Required parameters:
• a third int argument controlling the precision,
• a fourth double argument constraining minimum value,
• and a fifth double constraining maximum value. If your system sup-
ports locales, the decimal point character must be the one specified
by your locale. If the maximum value is less than or equal to the
minimum value, the range is simply ignored.
On return, the field buffer is formatted according to the printf format
specification “.*f”, where the “*” is replaced by the precision argu-
ment.
For details of the precision handling see printf(3).
TYPE_REGEXP
Regular expression data. Required parameter:
• a third argument, a regular expression (char *) string. The data is
valid if the regular expression matches it.
Regular expressions are in the format of regcomp and regexec.
The regular expression must match the whole field. If you have for ex-
ample, an eight character wide field, a regular expression "^[0-9]*$"
always means that you have to fill all eight positions with digits. If
you want to allow fewer digits, you may use for example "^[0-9]* *$"
which is good for trailing spaces (up to an empty field), or "^ *[0-9]*
*$" which is good for leading and trailing spaces around the digits.
TYPE_IPV4
An Internet Protocol Version 4 address. Required parameter:
• none
The form library checks whether or not the buffer has the form a.b.c.d,
where a, b, c, and d are numbers in the range 0 to 255. Trailing blanks
in the buffer are ignored. The address itself is not validated.
This is an ncurses extension; this field type may not be available in
other curses implementations.
RETURN VALUE
The functions field_type and field_arg return NULL on error. The func-
tion set_field_type returns one of the following:
E_OK The routine succeeded.
E_SYSTEM_ERROR
System error occurred (see errno(3)).
PORTABILITY
These routines emulate the System V forms library. They were not sup-
ported on Version 7 or BSD versions.
AUTHORS
Juergen Pfeifer. Manual pages and adaptation for new curses by Eric S.
Raymond.
SEE ALSO
ncurses(3NCURSES), form(3FORM), fieldtype(3FORM), form_variables(3FORM)
ncurses 6.5 2025-02-15 field_validation(3FORM)
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